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翼状猪笼草

王朝百科·作者佚名  2010-10-05
窄屏简体版  字體: |||超大  

Nepenthes alata翼状猪笼草在菲律宾十分常见,它的容易栽培,在国外已很常见。他有许多漂亮的变种,有四种不同的变种分别生长在Mount Guisguis和Zambales地区山坡上。翼状猪笼草生长在海拔800~2400米的森林中的水苔上。的笼子大小约3~5吋.有着球茎状的根部。

能够忍受在湿度较低的环境之下生长,同时也可以生长在温暖或者是温度较低的温室中,或是有阳光照射的窗边。 在海拔较低的环境栽种时,需要种植在温暖及潮湿的地方,介质需要较为干燥。

Nepenthes alata (b)

Nepenthes alata (t)

Nepenthes alata (n)

Nepenthes alata (q)

Nepenthes alata (b)

分类学翼状猪笼草形态上很接近与其他的一些猪笼草,如柯普兰猪笼草(N. copelandii)、民答那峨岛猪笼草 (N. mindanaoensis)、菲律宾猪笼草 (N. philippinensis)和萨兰加尼猪笼草(N. saranganiensis)。来自苏门答腊(Sumatra)的真穗猪笼草(N. eustachya)曾一度被认为是翼状猪笼草的一个变种,但其实这两种猪笼草并没有近亲关系。

翼状猪笼草和真穗猪笼草(N. eustachya)的形态区别形态特征

翼状猪笼草

真穗猪笼草

叶片

披针形至卵形

披针形

叶尖

缩成尖状

呈盾形

叶柄

宽的两个脊

几乎没有脊

毛被

红色或白色的绒毛

没有

捕虫笼形状

整个捕虫笼上部和下部宽窄变化不大,

在与笼蔓衔接处紧缩

角状,在与笼蔓衔接处渐渐缩小

种下分类N. alata f. variegata Hort. ex P.Mann (1996) nom.nud.

N. alata var. boschiana

N. alata var. bifloraMacfarl. (1908)

N. alata var. ecristataMacfarl. (1908)N. alata var. boschiana

自然杂交种N. alata × N. burkei

N. alata × N. merrilliana[=N. × merrilliata]

? (N. alata × N. merrilliana) ×N. mirabilis[=N. × tsangoya]

N. alata × N. mindanaoensis

N. alata × N. mirabilis[=N. × mirabilata]

N. alata × N. petiolata

N. alata × N. truncata[=N. × truncalata]

N. alata × N. ventricosa[=N. × ventrata]

参考文献^ Fontanilla, J.R. & R. Madulid 2002. Morphometric analysis ofNepenthes alataBlco. in Mt. Guisguis, Sta. Cruz, Zambales.Acta Manilana50: 25–31.

^ Alejandro, G.J.D., J.P.C. Baysa, B.O.C. Lemana, G.M. Madulara, R.S. Madulid & D.A. Madulid 2007. Conspecificity ofNepenthes alataBlco. population found in Mt. Guisguis, Zambales inferred from Internal Transcribed Spacer (nrDNA) sequence data.Acta Manilana55: 15–21. doi:10.3860/acta.v55i0.1482

^ Clarke, C.M., R. Cantley, J. Nerz, H. Rischer & A. Witsuba (2000).Nepenthes alata. 2006.IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. IUCN 2006. . Retrieved on 12 May 2006.

^ McPherson, S.R. 2009.Pitcher Plants of the Old World. Redfern Natural History Productions Ltd., Poole.

^ Mann, P. 1998. A trip to the Philippines.Carnivorous Plant Newsletter27(1): 6–11.

^ Cheek, M.R. & M.H.P. Jebb 2001. Nepenthaceae.Flora Malesiana15: 1–157.

^ Fleming, R. 1979. HybridNepenthes.PDF (626 KiB)Carnivorous Plant Newsletter8(1): 10–12.

● Cheek, M.R. & M.H.P. Jebb 1999.Nepenthes(Nepenthaceae) in Palawan, Philippines. Kew Bulletin 54(4): 887–895. doi:10.2307/4111166

● Schlauer, J. 2000. Literature Reviews.PDFCarnivorous Plant Newsletter29(2): 53.

扩展阅读● Alejandro, G.J.D., R.S. Madulid & D.A. Madulid 2008. The utility of Internal Transcribed Spacer (nrDNA) sequence data for phylogenetic reconstruction in endemic Philippine Nepenthes L. (Nepenthaceae).The Philippine Scientist45: 99–110. doi:10.3860/psci.v45i0.994

● An, C.-I., E.-I. Fukusaki & A. Kobayashi 2001. Plasma-membrane H+-ATPases are expressed in pitchers of the carnivorous plantNepenthes alataBlanco.Planta212(4): 547–555. doi:10.1007/s004250000455

● An, C.-I., E.-I. Fukusaki & A. Kobayashi 2002. Aspartic proteinases are expressed in pitchers of the carnivorous plantNepenthes alataBlanco.Planta214(5): 661–667. doi:10.1007/s004250100665

● An, C.-I., S. Takekawa, A. Okazawa, E.-I. Fukusaki & A. Kobayashi 2002. Degradation of a peptide in pitcher fluid of the carnivorous plantNepenthes alataBlanco.Planta215(3): 472–477. doi:10.1007/s00425-002-0768-7

● Gaume, L., S. Gorb & N. Rowe 2002. Function of epidermal surfaces in the trapping efficiency ofNepenthes alatapitchers.New Phytologist156(3): 479–489. doi:10.1046/j.1469-8137.2002.00530.x

● Gorb, E.V., K. Haas, A. Henrich, S. Enders, N. Barbakadze & S.

● Gorb 2005. Composite structure of the crystalline epicuticular wax layer of the slippery zone in the pitchers of the carnivorous plantNepenthes alataand its effect on insect attachment.Journal of Experimental Biology208: 4651–4662. doi:10.1242/jeb.01939

● Gorb, E.V. & S.N. Gorb 2006. Physicochemical properties of functional surfaces in pitchers of the carnivorous plantNepenthes alataBlanco (Nepenthaceae).Plant Biology (Stuttgart, Germany)8(6): 841–848. PubMed Gorb, E.V. & S.N. Gorb 2009. Chapter 8: Functional Surfaces in the Pitcher of the Carnivorous Plant Nepenthes alata: A Cryo-Sem Approach. In: S.N. Gorb (ed.)Functional Surfaces in Biology:Adhesion Related Phenomena. Volume 2. Springer. pp. 205–238.

● Hatano, N. & T. Hamada 2008. Proteome Analysis of Pitcher Fluid of the Carnivorous PlantNepenthes alata.Journal of Proteome Research7(2): 809–816. doi:10.1021/pr700566d

● Kajii, E., T. Kamesaki, S. Ikemoto & Y. Miura 1988. Decomposing enzymes against human blood-group antigens in the extract ofNepenthes alata.Die Naturwissenschaften75(5): 258–259. PubMed

● Kajii, E., T. Kamesaki & S. Ikemoto 1991. The effect of theNepenthes alataextract on the cold agglutinin-associated antigens.Nihon Hōigaku Zasshi45(1): 30–32. PubMed

● Kamesaki, T., E. Kajii & S. Ikemoto 1989. Purification of the decomposing enzyme fromNepenthes alataagainst glycophorin B of human red blood cells by high-performance liquid chromatography.Journal of Chromatography489(2): 384–389. PubMed

● Kiew, R.G. 1990. Pitcher plants of Gunung Tahan.Journal of WildlifeandNational Parks (Malaysia)10: 34–37.

● Owen, T.P. & K.A. Lennon 1999. Structure and Development of the Pitchers from the Carnivorous PlantNepenthes alata(Nepenthaceae).PDFAmerican Journal of Botany86(10): 1382–1390.

● Owen, T.P., K.A. Lennon, M.J. Santo & A.N. Anderson 1999. Pathways for Nutrient Transport in the Pitchers of the Carnivorous PlantNepenthes alata.PDFAnnals of Botany84: 459–466.

● Pavlovič, A., E. Masarovičová & J. Hudák 2007. Carnivorous Syndrome in Asian Pitcher Plants of the GenusNepenthes.Annals of Botany100(3): 527–536. doi:10.1093/aob/mcm145

● Riedel, M., A. Eichner & R. Jetter 2003. Slippery surfaces of carnivorous plants: composition of epicuticular wax crystals inNepenthes alataBlanco pitchers.Planta218(1): 87–97. doi:10.1007/s00425-003-1075-7

● Santo, M.J., J.S. Massa, & T.P. Owen 1998. Glandular secretion and absorption in the carnivorous pitcher plantNepenthes alata. American Journal of Botany85(supplement): 92.

● Scholz, I., M. Bückins, L. Dolge, T. Erlinghagen, A. Weth, F. Hischen, J. Mayer, S. Hoffmann, M. Riederer, M. Riedel & W. Baumgartner 2010. Slippery surfaces of pitcher plants:Nepenthes waxcrystals minimize insect attachment via microscopic surface roughness.Journal of Experimental Biology213: 1115–1125. doi:10.1242/jeb.035618

● Sota, T., M. Mogi & K. Kato 1998. Local and Regional-Scale Food Web Structure inNepenthes alataPitchers.Biotropica30(1): 82–91. doi:10.1111/j.1744-7429.1998.tb00371.x

● Thornhill, A.H., I.S. Harper & N.D. Hallam 2008. The Development of the Digestive Glands and Enzymes in the Pitchers of ThreeNepenthesSpecies:N. alata, N. tobaica, andN. ventricosa(Nepenthaceae).International Journal of Plant Sciences169(5): 615–624. doi:10.1086/533599

● Uy, B.D. 1990. The GranchinaNepenthesof the Phillipines in Retrospect.PDFCarnivorous Plant Newsletter19(1–2): 18–19.

● Wang, L.-X. & Q. Zhou 2010. Numerical characterization of surface structures of slippery zone inNepenthes alatapitchers and its mechanism of reducing locust’s attachment. Advances in Natural Science 3(2): 22–31.

 
 
 
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