The standard C++ library is a collection of functions, constants, classes, objects and templates that extends the C++ language providing basic functionality to perform several tasks, like classes to interact with the operating system, data containers, manipulators to operate with them and algorithms commonly needed.
The declarations of the different elements provided by the library are split in several headers that shall be included in the code in order to have access to its components:
algorithm
complex
exception
list
stack
bitset
csetjmp
fstream
locale
stdexcept
cassert
csignal
functional
map
strstream
cctype
cstdarg
iomanip
memory
streambuf
cerrno
cstddef
ios
new
string
cfloat
cstdio
iosfwd
numeric
typeinfo
ciso646
cstdlib
iostream
ostream
utility
climits
cstring
istream
queue
valarray
clocale
ctime
iterator
set
vector
cmath
deque
limits
sstream
It can be divided into:
C LibraryThe elements of the C language library are also included as a subset of the C++ Standard library. These cover many aspects, from general utility functions and macros to input/output functions and dynamic memory management functions:
cassert
C Diagnostics Library (header)
cctype
Character handling functions (header)
cerrno
C Errors (header)
cfloat
Characteristics of floating-point types (header)
ciso646
ISO 646 Alternative operator spellings (header)
climits
Sizes of integral types (header)
clocale
C localization library (header)
cmath
C numerics library (header)
csetjmp
Non local jumps (header)
csignal
C library to handle signals (header)
cstdarg
Variable arguments handling (header)
cstddef
C Standard definitions (header)
cstdio
C library to perform Input/Output operations (header)
cstdlib
C Standard General Utilities Library (header)
cstring
C Strings (header)
ctime
C Time Library (header)
C++ Standard Library:Miscellaneous librariesLanguage support library
limits
Numeric limits (header)
new
Dynamic memory (header)
typeinfo
Type information (header)
exception
Standard exception class (class)
Diagnostics library
stdexcept
Exception classes (header)
General utilities library
utility
Utility components (header)
functional
Function objects (header)
memory
Memory elements (header)
Strings library
string
C++ Strings library (library)
Localization library
locale
Localization library (header)
Standard Template Library (STL)Containers library
vector
Vector (class template)
list
List (class template)
deque
Double ended queue (class template)
queue
FIFO queue (class template)
priority_queue
Priority queue (class template)
stack
LIFO stack (class template)
map
Map (class template)
multimap
Multiple-key map (class template)
set
Set (class template)
multiset
Multiple-key set (class template)
bitset
Bitset (class template)
Iterators library
iterator
Iterator definitions (header)
Algorithms library
algorithm
Standard Template Library: Algorithms (library)
Numeric library
complex
Complex numbers library (header)
valarray
Library for arrays of numeric values (header)
numeric
Generalized numeric operations (header)
Input/Output Stream LibraryProvides functionality to use an abstraction calledstreamsspecially designed to perform input and output operations on sequences of character, like files or strings.
This functionality is provided through several related classes, as shown in the following relationship map, with the corresponding header file names on top:
For more info see the reference page for the C++ Input/Output Library.
