Linux下文泉驿字体配置方法

这两天研究了一下文泉驿字体的配置方法，算是比较清楚了，方法很简单：

1.

sudo apt-get install xfonts-wqy

(安装文泉驿字体)

2.

cd /etc/fonts/conf.d

sudo rm -rf 30*.*

(删除那个以“30”开头的文件，具体的名称忘记了，用通配符就可一了，因为如果不删除这个文件，Debian默认是不会是用点阵字体的)

3.

fc-cache -v -f

(刷新字体缓冲)

4. 修改

/etc/fonts/fonts.conf

文件。这一步并不是必须的步骤，不过可以通过修改这里的配置，以达到最优话配置。以下是我的配置，可以直接复制过去替换您原来的文件，不过千万不要忘了备份一下，以防万一！

<?xml version="1.0"?>

<!DOCTYPE fontconfig SYSTEM "fonts.dtd">

<!-- /etc/fonts/fonts.conf file to configure system font access -->

<fontconfig>

<!--

DO NOT EDIT THIS FILE.

IT WILL BE REPLACED WHEN FONTCONFIG IS UPDATED.

LOCAL CHANGES BELONG IN 'local.conf'.

The intent of this standard configuration file is to be adequate for

most environments. If you have a reasonably normal environment and

have found problems with this configuration, they are probably

things that others will also want fixed. Please submit any

problems to the fontconfig bugzilla system located at fontconfig.org

Note that the normal 'make install' procedure for fontconfig is to

replace any existing fonts.conf file with the new version. Place

any local customizations in local.conf which this file references.

Keith Packard

-->

<!-- Font directory list -->

<dir>/usr/share/fonts</dir>

<dir>/usr/share/X11/fonts</dir> <dir>/usr/local/share/fonts</dir>

<dir>~/.fonts</dir>

<!--

Accept deprecated 'mono' alias, replacing it with 'monospace'

-->

<match target="pattern">

<test qual="any" name="family">

<string>mono</string>

</test>

<edit name="family" mode="assign">

<string>monospace</string>

</edit>

</match>

<!--

Accept alternate 'sans serif' spelling, replacing it with 'sans-serif'

-->

<match target="pattern">

<test qual="any" name="family">

<string>sans serif</string>

</test>

<edit name="family" mode="assign">

<string>sans-serif</string>

</edit>

</match>

<!--

Accept deprecated 'sans' alias, replacing it with 'sans-serif'

-->

<match target="pattern">

<test qual="any" name="family">

<string>sans</string>

</test>

<edit name="family" mode="assign">

<string>sans-serif</string>

</edit>

</match>

<!--

Mark common families with their generics so we'll get

something reasonable

-->

<!--

Serif faces

-->

<alias>

<family>DejaVu Serif</family>

<family>Bitstream Vera Serif</family>

<family>WenQuanYi Bitmap Song</family>

<family>Times New Roman</family>

<family>Thorndale AMT</family>

<family>Times</family>

<family>Nimbus Roman No9 L</family>

<family>Luxi Serif</family>

<family>Kochi Mincho</family>

<family>AR PL SungtiL GB</family>

<family>AR PL Mingti2L Big5</family>

<family>ＭＳ 明朝</family>

<family>Baekmuk Batang</family>

<family>FreeSerif</family>

<family>MgOpen Canonica</family>

<default><family>serif</family></default>

</alias>

<!--

Sans-serif faces

-->

<alias>

<family>DejaVu Sans</family>

<family>Bitstream Vera Sans</family>

<family>WenQuanYi Bitmap Song</family>

<family>Helvetica</family>

<family>Arial</family>

<family>Verdana</family>

<family>Albany AMT</family>

<family>Nimbus Sans L</family>

<family>Luxi Sans</family>

<family>Kochi Gothic</family>

<family>AR PL KaitiM GB</family>

<family>AR PL KaitiM Big5</family>

<family>ＭＳ ゴシック</family>

<family>Baekmuk Dotum</family>

<family>SimSun</family>

<family>FreeSans</family>

<family>MgOpen Moderna</family>

<default><family>sans-serif</family></default>

</alias>

<!--

Monospace faces

-->

<alias>

<family>DejaVu Sans Mono</family>

<family>Bitstream Vera Sans Mono</family>

<family>WenQuanYi Bitmap Song</family>

<family>Courier</family>

<family>Courier New</family>

<family>Andale Mono</family>

<family>Luxi Mono</family>

<family>Cumberland AMT</family>

<family>Nimbus Mono L</family>

<family>NSimSun</family>

<family>FreeMono</family>

<default><family>monospace</family></default>

</alias>

<!--

If the font still has no generic name, add sans-serif

-->

<match target="pattern">

<test qual="all" name="family" compare="not_eq">

<string>sans-serif</string>

</test>

<test qual="all" name="family" compare="not_eq">

<string>serif</string>

</test>

<test qual="all" name="family" compare="not_eq">

<string>monospace</string>

</test>

<edit name="family" mode="append_last">

<string>sans-serif</string>

</edit>

</match>

<!--

Prefer "Standard Symbols L" as Symbol font

-->

<match target="pattern">

<test name="family">

<string>Symbol</string>

</test>

<edit name="family" mode="prepend" binding="same">

<string>Standard Symbols L</string>

</edit>

</match>

<!--

URW provides metric and shape compatible fonts for these 3 Adobe families.

commented out, see below

<alias>

<family>Times</family>

<accept><family>Nimbus Roman No9 L</family></accept>

</alias>

<alias>

<family>Helvetica</family>

<accept><family>Nimbus Sans L</family></accept>

</alias>

<alias>

<family>Courier</family>

<accept><family>Nimbus Mono L</family></accept>

</alias>

-->

<!--

AMT provides metric and shape compatible fonts for these three web font

families.

-->

<alias>

<family>Times New Roman</family>

<accept><family>Thorndale AMT</family></accept>

</alias>

<alias>

<family>Arial</family>

<accept><family>Albany AMT</family></accept>

</alias>

<alias>

<family>Courier New</family>

<accept><family>Cumberland AMT</family></accept>

</alias>

<alias>

<family>ZapfDingbats</family>

<accept><family>Dingbats</family></accept>

</alias>

<alias>

<family>Symbol</family>

<accept><family>Open Symbols L</family></accept>

</alias>

<!--

URW provides metric and shape compatible fonts for these 3 Adobe families.

However, th ese fonts are quite ugly and do not render well on-screen,

so we avoid matching them if the application said `anymetrics'; in that

case, a more generic font with different metrics but better appearance

will be used.

-->

<match target="pattern">

<test name="family">

<string>Times</string>

</test>

<test name="anymetrics" qual="all" compare="not_eq">

<bool>true</bool>

</test>

<edit name="family" mode="append">

<string>Nimbus Roman No9 L</string>

</edit>

</match>

<match target="pattern">

<test name="family">

<string>Helvetica</string>

</test>

<test name="anymetrics" qual="all" compare="not_eq">

<bool>true</bool>

</test>

<edit name="family" mode="append">

<string>Nimbus Sans L</string>

</edit>

</match>

<match target="pattern">

<test name="family">

<string>Courier</string>

</test>

<test name="anymetrics" qual="all" compare="not_eq">

<bool>true</bool>

</test>

<edit name="family" mode="append">

<string>Nimbus Mono L</string>

</edit>

</match>

<!--

Do the same with the AMT family and the msttcorefonts, but add

the msttcorefonts as an alternative as well.

-->

<match target="pattern">

<test name="family">

<string>Times New Roman</string>

<string>Thorndale AMT</string>

<string>Thorndale</string>

</test>

<test name="anymetrics" qual="all" compare="not_eq">

<bool>true</bool>

</test>

<edit name="family" mode="append">

<string>Times New Roman</string>

<string>Nimbus Roman No9 L</string>

</edit>

</match>

<match target="pattern">

<test name="family">

<string>Arial</string>

<string>Albany AMT</string>

<string>Albany</string>

</test>

<test name="anymetrics" qual="all" compare="not_eq">

<bool>true</bool>

</test>

<edit name="family" mode="append">

<string>Arial</string>

<string>Nimbus Sans L</string>

</edit>

</match>

<match target="pattern">

<test name="family">

<string>Courier New</string>

<string>Cumberland AMT</string>

<string>Cumberland</string>

</test>

<test name="anymetrics" qual="all" compare="not_eq">

<bool>true</bool>

</test>

<edit name="family" mode="append">

<string>Courier New</string>

<string>Nimbus Mono L</string>

</edit>

</match>

<!--

Some Asian fonts misadvertise themselves as monospaced when

in fact they are dual-spaced (half and full). This makes

FreeType very confused as it forces all widths to match.

Undo this magic by disabling the width forcing code -->

<match target="font">

<test name="family"><string>GulimChe</string></test>

<edit name="globaladvance"><bool>false</bool></edit>

</match>

<match target="font">

<test name="family"><string>DotumChe</string></test>

<edit name="globaladvance"><bool>false</bool></edit>

</match>

<match target="font">

<test name="family"><string>BatangChe</string></test>

<edit name="globaladvance"><bool>false</bool></edit>

</match>

<match target="font">

<test name="family"><string>GungsuhChe</string></test>

<edit name="globaladvance"><bool>false</bool></edit>

</match>

<!--

The Bitstream Vera fonts have GASP entries suggesting that hinting be

disabled below 8 ppem, but FreeType ignores those, preferring to use

the data found in the instructed hints. The initial Vera release

didn't include the right instructions in the 'prep' table. Fix this

by disabling hinting manually at smaller sizes (< 8ppem)

-->

<match target="font">

<test name="family">

<string>Bitstream Vera Sans</string>

</test>

<test name="pixelsize" compare="less">

<double>7.5</double>

</test>

<edit name="hinting">

<bool>false</bool>

</edit>

</match>

<match target="font">

<test name="family">

<string>Bitstream Vera Serif</string>

</test>

<test name="pixelsize" compare="less">

<double>7.5</double>

</test>

<edit name="hinting">

<bool>false</bool>

</edit>

</match>

<match target="font">

<test name="family">

<string>Bitstream Vera Sans Mono</string>

</test>

<test name="pixelsize" compare="less">

<double>7.5</double>

</test>

<edit name="hinting">

<bool>false</bool>

</edit>

</match>

<!--

Load per-user customization file

-->

<include ignore_missing="yes">~/.fonts.conf</include>

<!--

Load local system customization file

-->

<include ignore_missing="yes">conf.d</include>

<include ignore_missing="yes">local.conf</include>

<!--

Load local ubuntu-specific language custom file

-->

<include ignore_missing="yes">language-selector.conf</include>

<!--

Provide required aliases for standard names

-->

<alias>

<family>serif</family>

<prefer>

<family>DejaVu Serif</family>

<family>Bitstream Vera Serif</family>

<family>WenQuanYi Bitmap Song</family>

<family>Times New Roman</family>

<family>Thorndale AMT</family>

<family>Luxi Serif</family>

<family>Nimbus Roman No9 L</family>

<family>Times</family>

<family>Frank Ruehl</family>

<family>FreeSerif</family>

<family>MgOpen Canonica</family>

<family>Kochi Mincho</family>

<family>AR PL SungtiL GB</family>

<family>AR PL Mingti2L Big5</family>

<family>ＭＳ 明朝</family>

<family>Baekmuk Batang</family>

</prefer>

</alias>

<alias>

<family>sans-serif</family>

<prefer>

<family>DejaVu Sans</family>

<family>Bitstream Vera Sans</family>

<family>WenQuanYi Bitmap Song</family>

<family>Verdana</family>

<family>Arial</family>

<family>Albany AMT</family>

<family>Luxi Sans</family>

<family>Nimbus Sans L</family>

<family>Helvetica</family>

<family>Nachlieli</family>

<family>FreeSans</family>

<family>MgOpen Moderna</family>

<family>Kochi Gothic</family>

<family>AR PL KaitiM GB</family>

<family>AR PL KaitiM Big5</family>

<family>ＭＳ ゴシック</family>

<family>Baekmuk Dotum</family>

<family>SimSun</family>

</prefer>

</alias>

<alias>

<family>monospace</family>

<prefer>

<family>DejaVu Sans Mono</family>

<family>Bitstream Vera Sans Mono</family>

<family>WenQuanYi Bitmap Song</family>

<family>Andale Mono</family>

<family>Courier New</family>

<family>Cumberland AMT</family>

<family>Luxi Mono</family>

<family>Nimbus Mono L</family>

<family>Courier</family>

<family>Miriam Mono</family>

<family>FreeMono</family>

<family>Kochi Gothic</family>

<family>AR PL KaitiM GB</family>

<family>Baekmuk Dotum</family>

</prefer>

</alias>

<!--

Artificial oblique for fonts without an italic or oblique version

-->

<match target="font">

<!-- check to see if the font is roman -->

<test name="slant">

<const>roman</const>

</test>

<!-- check to see if the pattern requested non-roman -->

<test target="pattern" name="slant" compare="not_eq">

<const>roman</const>

</test>

<!-- multiply the matrix to slant the font -->

<edit name="matrix" mode="assign">

<times>

<name>matrix</name>

<matrix><double>1</double><double>0.2</double>

<double>0</double><double>1</double>

</matrix>

</times>

</edit>

<!-- pretend the font is oblique now -->

<edit name="slant" mode="assign">

<const>oblique</const>

</edit>

</match>

<!--

Synthetic emboldening for fonts that do not have bold face available

-->

<match target="font">

<!-- check to see if the font is just regular -->

<test name="weight" compare="less_eq">

<int>100</int>

</test>

<!-- check to see if the pattern requests bold -->

<test target="pattern" name="weight" compare="more_eq">

<int>200</int>

</test>

<!-- set the embolden flag -->

<edit name="embolden" mode="assign">

<bool>true</bool>

</edit>

</match>

<config>

<!--

These are the default Unicode chars that are expected to be blank

in fonts. All other blank chars are assumed to be broken and

won't appear in the resulting charsets

-->

<blank>

<int>0x0020</int> <!-- SPACE -->

<int>0x00A0</int> <!-- NO-BREAK SPACE -->

<int>0x00AD</int> <!-- SOFT HYPHEN -->

<int>0x034F</int> <!-- COMBINING GRAPHEME JOINER -->

<int>0x0600</int> <!-- ARABIC NUMBER SIGN -->

<int>0x0601</int> <!-- ARABIC SIGN SANAH -->

<int>0x0602</int> <!-- ARABIC FOOTNOTE MARKER -->

<int>0x0603</int> <!-- ARABIC SIGN SAFHA -->

<int>0x06DD</int> <!-- ARABIC END OF AYAH -->

<int>0x070F</int> <!-- SYRIAC ABBREVIATION MARK -->

<int>0x115F</int> <!-- HANGUL CHOSEONG FILLER -->

<int>0x1160</int> <!-- HANGUL JUNGSEONG FILLER -->

<int>0x1680</int> <!-- OGHAM SPACE MARK -->

<int>0x17B4</int> <!-- KHMER VOWEL INHERENT AQ -->

<int>0x17B5</int> <!-- KHMER VOWEL INHERENT AA -->

<int>0x180E</int> <!-- MONGOLIAN VOWEL SEPARATOR -->

<int>0x2000</int> <!-- EN QUAD -->

<int>0x2001</int> <!-- EM QUAD -->

<int>0x2002</int> <!-- EN SPACE -->

<int>0x2003</int> <!-- EM SPACE -->

<int>0x2004</int> <!-- THREE-PER-EM SPACE -->

<int>0x2005</int> <!-- FOUR-PER-EM SPACE -->

<int>0x2006</int> <!-- SIX-PER-EM SPACE -->

<int>0x2007</int> <!-- FIGURE SPACE -->

<int>0x2008</int> <!-- PUNCTUATION SPACE -->

<int>0x2009</int> <!-- THIN SPACE -->

<int>0x200A</int> <!-- HAIR SPACE -->

<int>0x200B</int> <!-- ZERO WIDTH SPACE -->

<int>0x200C</int> <!-- ZERO WIDTH NON-JOINER -->

<int>0x200D</int> <!-- ZERO WIDTH JOINER -->

<int>0x200E</int> <!-- LEFT-TO-RIGHT MARK -->

<int>0x200F</int> <!-- RIGHT-TO-LEFT MARK -->

<int>0x2028</int> <!-- LINE SEPARATOR -->

<int>0x2029</int> <!-- PARAGRAPH SEPARATOR -->

<int>0x202A</int> <!-- LEFT-TO-RIGHT EMBEDDING -->

<int>0x202B</int> <!-- RIGHT-TO-LEFT EMBEDDING -->

<int>0x202C</int> <!-- POP DIRECTIONAL FORMATTING -->

<int>0x202D</int> <!-- LEFT-TO-RIGHT OVERRIDE -->

<int>0x202E</int> <!-- RIGHT-TO-LEFT OVERRIDE -->

<int>0x202F</int> <!-- NARROW NO-BREAK SPACE -->

<int>0x205F</int> <!-- MEDIUM MATHEMATICAL SPACE -->

<int>0x2060</int> <!-- WORD JOINER -->

<int>0x2061</int> <!-- FUNCTION APPLICATION -->

<int>0x2062</int> <!-- INVISIBLE TIMES -->

<int>0x2063</int> <!-- INVISIBLE SEPARATOR -->

<int>0x206A</int> <!-- INHIBIT SYMMETRIC SWAPPING -->

<int>0x206B</int> <!-- ACTIVATE SYMMETRIC SWAPPING -->

<int>0x206C</int> <!-- INHIBIT ARABIC FORM SHAPING -->

<int>0x206D</int> <!-- ACTIVATE ARABIC FORM SHAPING -->

<int>0x206E</int> <!-- NATIONAL DIGIT SHAPES -->

<int>0x206F</int> <!-- NOMINAL DIGIT SHAPES -->

<int>0x3000</int> <!-- IDEOGRAPHIC SPACE -->

<int>0x3164</int> <!-- HANGUL FILLER -->

<int>0xFEFF</int> <!-- ZERO WIDTH NO-BREAK SPACE -->

<int>0xFFA0</int> <!-- HALFWIDTH HANGUL FILLER -->

<int>0xFFF9</int> <!-- INTERLINEAR ANNOTATION ANCHOR -->

<int>0xFFFA</int> <!-- INTERLINEAR ANNOTATION SEPARATOR -->

<int>0xFFFB</int> <!-- INTERLINEAR ANNOTATION TERMINATOR -->

</blank>

<!--

Rescan configuration every 30 seconds when FcFontSetList is called

-->

<rescan>

<int>30</int>

</rescan>

</config>

</fontconfig>

5. 到了最后一个步骤，重启X。

Ctrl + Alt + BackSpace

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