一 本文目的
本文旨在详述如何编译Apache,OpenSSL,ModSSL,MM,Mod_Perl,PHP,Zend,MySQL和Oracle支持及其可能遇到的问题,和一些常用的加速编译和提高工作效率的技巧。
二 工作环境
Redhat Linux OS 6.x/7.x
三 编译过程
1. 所需的软件
MM 1.1.3 http://www.engelschall.com/sw/mm/
OpenSSL 0.9.6d www.openssl.org
ModSSL 2.8.10_1.3.26 www.modssl.org
Apache 1.3.26 www.apache.org
MySQL 3.23.51 www.mysql.com
PHP 4.2.1/3.0.18 www.php.net
Zend Optimizer 1.3.1 https://www.zend.com/store/freeware.php
Mod_Perl 1.27 http://perl.apache.org/dist/
Oracle 8.1.7 www.oracle.com
2. 开始编译
a. 首先编译MM (可选)
cd ../mm-1.1.3
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mm (单独的目录便于区别)
make
make test
make install
b. 编译OpenSSL (http: 可选 https:必需)
cd ../openssl-0.9.6d
./config no-threads -fPIC
make
make test
make install
注:no-threads 没有多线程支持,因为Apache 1.3.x不用多线程。
c. 编译Mod_SSL (http: 可选 https:必需)
cd mod_ssl-2.8.10-1.3.26
./configure --with-apache=../apache_1.3.26
d. 编译Apache
d1 最大子进程限制修补 (可选)
cd ../apache_1.3.26
vi src/include/httpd.h
change value 256 to 1024 or above
d2 为后来的PHP带Oracle支持作准备 (可选)
如果你要编译PHP带Oracle支持,你要修改Apache编译文件configure加下面的行 LIBS=-lpthread在
for var in CFLAGS LDFLAGS LIBS INCLUDES DEPS; do
前面,如下所示
LIBS=-lpthread
for var in CFLAGS LDFLAGS LIBS INCLUDES DEPS; do
注:忘记了加LIBS=-lpthread,你可以
# cd /usr/src/apache_1.3.26
# make clean
# LIBS=-lpthread ./config.status
# make
# make install
d3 编译Apache
EAPI_MM=../mm-1.1.3 SSL_BASE=../openssl-0.9.6d ./configure
--prefix=/usr/local/apache_ssl --enable-module=most --enable-shared=max --enable-module=rewrite --enable-shared=rewrite --enable-module=proxy --enable-shared=proxy --enable-module=ssl --enable-shared=ssl
make
make certificate (TYPE=test by default)
make install
strip /usr/local/apache_ssl/bin/*
注:
d3.1 如果你只是为了测试SSL,可用上面的命令,因为默认是为了测试。
d3.2 如果你升级正在运行的SSL站点,可用make certificate TYPE=dummy,最后拷贝已经在用的ssl.crt/server.crt 和
ssl.key/server.key。
d3.3 在make install之前,可用命令ldd src/httpd 看有没有输出libpthread以确认前面有没有enable LIBS=-lpthread。
d3.4 strip 所有的apache可执行文件包括httpd以节省内存空间。
e 编译MySQL
shell groupadd mysql
shell useradd -g mysql mysql
shell cd /usr/local
shell gunzip < /path/to/mysql-VERSION-OS.tar.gz | tar xvf -
shell ln -s full-path-to-mysql-VERSION-OS mysql
shell cd mysql
shell scripts/mysql_install_db
shell chown -R root .
shell chown -R mysql data
shell chgrp -R mysql .
shell bin/safe_mysqld --user=mysql &
shutdown MySQL: cd /usr/local/mysql;bin/mysqladmin shutdown
f 编译PHP
./configure --with-apxs=/usr/local/apache_ssl/bin/apxs --with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql --with-zlib --disable-debug --enable-track-vars --with-xml --with-gdbm --enable-sysvsem --enable-sysvshm --with-openssl=/usr/local/ssl --with-mm=/usr/local/mm --enable-ftp
如果需要Oracle支持,再加上--with-oracle=/home/oracle/oracle8 --with-oci8=/home/oracle/oracle8 --enable-sigchild (假定Oracle home 目录是/home/oracle/oracle8)
make
make install
cp php.ini-dist /usr/local/apache_ssl/conf/php.ini
加下面的部分到/usr/local/apache_ssl/conf/httpd.conf
AddType application/x-httpd-php .php
AddType application/x-httpd-php-source .phps
加下面的部分到 /usr/local/apache_ssl/bin/apachectl
PHPRC=/usr/local/apache_ssl/conf
export PHPRC
LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib
export LD_LIBRARY
上面的LD_LIBRARY部分如果不加,当你编译PHP带Oracle支持,启动Apache时你可能会得到错误信息如下 libclntsh.so.8.0:not found
如果仍然有oracle问题,可能你需要全部的Oracle环境变量放入apachectl中,如下例:
. /etc/profile
TWO_TASK=asdbs; export TWO_TASK
ORACLE_HOME=/home/oracle/oracle8; export ORACLE_HOME
ORACLE_BASE=/home/oracle; export ORACLE_BASE
LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$LD_LIBRARY_PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/usr/local/lib:/usr/lib; export LD_LIBRARY_PATH
ulimit unlimited
ulimit -n 32768
umask 002
PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/bin;export PATH
g 安装Zend Optimizer
#cd /usr/local/apache_ssl/libexec
#cp /path/to/ZendOptimizer-1.1.0-PHP_4.0.5-Linux_glibc21-i386/ZendOptimizer.so .
然后加下面的部分到/usr/local/apache_ssl/conf/php.ini
zend_optimizer.optimization_level=15
zend_extension="/usr/local/apache/libexec/ZendOptimizer.so"
h 编译Mod_Perl
# cd mod_perl-1.27
# perl Makefile.PL USE_APXS=1 WITH_APXS=/usr/local/apache_ssl/bin/apxs EVERYTHING=1
# make
# make test
# make install
# mkdir /usr/local/apache_ssl/perl
Add the following single line to /usr/local/apache_ssl/conf/httpd.conf
Include conf/mod_perl.conf
the content of mod_perl.conf is as follows:
-------------------------------
# Typical for plain cgi scripts:
ScriptAlias /cgi-bin/ /usr/local/apache_ssl/perl/
# Typical for Apache::Registry scripts:
Alias /perl/ /usr/local/apache_ssl/perl/
# Typical for Apache::PerlRun scripts:
Alias /cgi-perl/ /usr/local/apache_ssl/perl/
PerlModule Apache::Registry
<Location /perl
SetHandler perl-script
PerlHandler Apache::Registry
Options +ExecCGI
PerlSendHeader On
allow from all
</Location
-------------------------------
注:常见的perl script 问题。
How to write Perl script?
a. standard perl script
#!/usr/bin/perl
print "Content-Type: text/html\n\n";
b. CGI perl script
use strict;
use CGI qw(:all);
print header;
b. print "Location: URL"; and print header; problem?
当你要用print "Location: URL" 功能时,你不能有任何print header;语句在print "Location: URL"之前。
use strict;
use CGI qw(:all);
print "Location: http://www.linuxforum.net";
print header;
print "This is a testing html page\n\n";
否则象下面这样print "Location: http://www.linuxforum.net";不将工作。
use strict;
use CGI qw(:all);
print header;
print "Location: http://www.linuxforum.net";
i 修改Apache配置文件中的模块位置
当你编译SSL后再编译PHP和Mod_Perl时,PHP和Mod_Perl模块包含在Ifdefine SSL中,也就是只有启动SSL时才会载入PHP和Mod_Perl,让我们修改它如下:
LoadModule php4_module libexec/libphp4.so
LoadModule perl_module libexec/libperl.so
<IfDefine SSL
LoadModule ssl_module libexec/libssl.so
</IfDefine
AddModule mod_php4.c
AddModule mod_perl.c
<IfDefine SSL
AddModule mod_ssl.c
</IfDefine
j 配置及启动Apache
#/usr/local/apache_ssl/bin/apachectl start
#/usr/local/apache_ssl/bin/apachectl st