应用XML技术实现报表打印方案的设计与实现
笔者为了能够快速实现简单的报表打印，设计了下面的方案。编写一个通用打印页面，要打印报表将参数写入一个XML文档，调用页面XMLReport.aspx?report=报表名，即可完成报表的制作
3.1 创建自定义的XML报表文件
XML主要用来描述打印报表的名称，数据来源，格式，分页打印等信息，具体标签可自己定义，下面是笔者针对会员管理系统报表打印所制定的XML文档：
MemberList.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<XmlReport>
<Page>
<Title>Member Information</Title>
<ApplyXSLT></ApplyXSLT>
</Page>
<Report>
<Title>Member List</Title>
<TableName>MemberList</TableName>
<SQLdataConnection>Data Source=localhost;User ID=sa;password=;Initial Catalog=XMLReport;</SQLdataConnection>
<OleDbConnection></OleDbConnection>
<Sql>Select MemberID, prefix+'. '+ firstname+' '+ surname AS [Member Name],CityOrTown,State,PostCode, '$'+convert(varchar(12),FeesPaid) As Fees From Members;</Sql>
<PageSize>10</PageSize>
</Report>
<Report>
<Title>Member Summary</Title>
<TableName>MemberSummary</TableName>
<SQLdataConnection>Data Source=localhost;User ID=sa;password=;Initial Catalog=XMLReport;</SQLdataConnection>
<OleDbConnection></OleDbConnection>
<Sql>Select Count(MemberID) As [Member Count], '$'+convert(varchar(12),Sum(FeesPaid)) As [Fees Total] From Members;</Sql>
<PageSize></PageSize>
</Report>
</XmlReport>
标签说明：
Page Title:报表标题
ApplyXSLT:应用样式表定制报表
SQLdaraConnection: 数据源连接字串，数据提供者为SQL server
OleDbConnection:数据源连接字串，数据提供者为OleDb
Sql:选取报表数据的sql语句
PageSize:分页打印，每页显示的记录条数
读者还可以自定义一些更精确的标签来控制报表。
3.2 创建通用打印页面
page_load时读取要打印的报表名
xmlFile = Request.QueryString["report"].ToString() + ".xml";
private void BindReports()
{
DataSet dsXml = new DataSet();
try
{
dsXml.ReadXml(Server.MapPath("Reports\\" + xmlFile));
DataTable dtPage = dsXml.Tables["Page"];
DataTable dtReport = dsXml.Tables["Report"];
labelPageTitle.Text = dtPage.Rows[0]["Title"].ToString();
for(int i = 0;i < dtReport.Rows.Count; i++)
{
GetLabel(i).Text = dtReport.Rows[i]["Title"].ToString();
if(dtReport.Rows[i]["SQLdataConnection"].ToString() != String.Empty || dtReport.Rows[i]["Sql"].ToString() != String.Empty || dtReport.Rows[i]["OleDbConnection"].ToString() != String.Empty)
{
DataGrid dg = GetDataGrid(i);
if(dtReport.Rows[i]["PageSize"].ToString() != String.Empty)
{
//分页打印
dg.AllowPaging = true;
dg.PagerStyle.Mode = PagerMode.NumericPages;
dg.PagerStyle.PageButtonCount = 10;
dg.PageSize = Convert.ToInt32(dtReport.Rows[i]["PageSize"].ToString());
}
DataSet ds = new DataSet();
//从Report.xml读取数据源信息
if(dtReport.Rows[i]["SQLdataConnection"].ToString() != String.Empty)
{
//数据提供者为SQL Server
SqlConnection Conn = new SqlConnection(dtReport.Rows[i]["SQLdataConnection"].ToString());
SqlDataAdapter myDataAdapt = new SqlDataAdapter(dtReport.Rows[i]["Sql"].ToString(),Conn);
myDataAdapt.Fill(ds,dtReport.Rows[i]["TableName"].ToString());
}
else if(dtReport.Rows[i]["OleDbConnection"].ToString() != String.Empty)
{
//数据提供者为OLE DB
OleDbConnection Conn = new OleDbConnection(dtReport.Rows[i]["OleDbConnection"].ToString());
OleDbDataAdapter myDataAdapt = new OleDbDataAdapter(dtReport.Rows[i]["Sql"].ToString(),Conn);
myDataAdapt.Fill(ds,dtReport.Rows[i]["TableName"].ToString());
}
//用通用页面显示报表
dg.DataSource = ds;
dg.DataBind();
}
}
}
catch
{
labelPageTitle.Text = "The requested report could not be found";
}
}
3.3 创建定制打印页面
需要在XML文档ApplyXSLT标签内添加对应的xslt文件名，并制作相应的样式表放在项目的xslt文件夹下即可。如下代码添加到通用打印程序中。
if(dtPage.Rows[0]["ApplyXSLT"].ToString() != string.Empty )
{
//用xsl显示报表
XmlDataDocument xmlDoc = new XmlDataDocument(ds);
XslTransform xslTran = new XslTransform();
xslTran.Load(Server.MapPath("xslt\\"+dtPage.Rows[0]["ApplyXSLT"].ToString()));
XmlTextWriter writer = new XmlTextWriter(Server.MapPath("XSLTReports.aspx"), System.Text.Encoding.UTF8);
xslTran.Transform(xmlDoc, null, writer);
writer.Close();
Response.Redirect("XSLTReports.aspx");
}
应用xslt样式表可以制作出专业的报表样式，为方便制作，在此推荐使用XMLSpy带的Stylesheet。