当前位置: 王朝网络 >> system >> Linux简明系统维护手册(2)

Linux简明系统维护手册(2)

王朝system·作者佚名 2008-05-19

窄屏简体版字體: 小|中|大|超大

3)安装DHCP服务器

1、源程序下载地址是：ftp://ftp.isc.org/isc/dhcp/dhcp-3.0.tar.gz ，我们的版本是：dhcpd-3.0

2、复制到：/usr/local/scr后解压：tar zxvf dhcp-3.0.tar.gz

3、cd /usr/local/src/dhcp-3.0.tar.gz

4、./configure

5、make(如果不是第一次编译，先make clean)

6、make install

7、cp ./server/dhcpd.conf /etc

8、编辑这个文件，看起来类似下面这样：（要更改的地方用粗体标出）

[aidcode]

# dhcpd.conf

# Sample configuration file for ISC dhcpd

# option definitions common to all supported networks...

option domain-name "rd.21vianet.com";

option domain-name-servers compaq.rd.21vianet.com;

default-lease-time 86400;

max-lease-time 172800;

ddns-update-style ad-hoc;

# If this DHCP server is the official DHCP server for the local

# network, the authoritative directive should be uncommented.

#authoritative;

# Use this to send dhcp log messages to a different log file (you also

# have to hack syslog.conf to complete the redirection).

log-facility local7;

# No service will be given on this subnet, but declaring it helps the

# DHCP server to understand the network topology.

# This is a very basic subnet declaration.

subnet 211.99.223.0 netmask 255.255.255.224 {

range 211.99.223.2 211.99.223.6;

option routers 211.99.223.1;

}

# This declaration allows BOOTP clients to get dynamic addresses,

# which we don't really recommend.

#subnet 10.254.239.32 netmask 255.255.255.224

{

# range dynamic-bootp 10.254.239.40 10.254.239.60;

# option broadcast-address 10.254.239.31;

# option routers rtr-239-32-1.example.org;

# A slightly different configuration for an internal subnet.

#subnet 10.5.5.0 netmask 255.255.255.224 {

# range 10.5.5.26 10.5.5.30;

# option domain-name-servers ns1.internal.example.org;

# option domain-name "internal.example.org";

# option routers 10.5.5.1;

# option broadcast-address 10.5.5.31;

# default-lease-time 600;

# max-lease-time 7200;

# Hosts which require special configuration options can be listed in

# host statements. If no address is specified, the address will be

# allocated dynamically (if possible), but the host-specific information

# will still come from the host declaration.

#host passacaglia {

# hardware ethernet 0:0:c0:5d:bd:95;

# filename "vmunix.passacaglia";

# server-name "toccata.fugue.com";

# Fixed IP addresses can also be specified for hosts. These addresses

# should not also be listed as being available for dynamic assignment.

# Hosts for which fixed IP addresses have been specified can boot using

# BOOTP or DHCP. Hosts for which no fixed address is specified can only

# be booted with DHCP, unless there is an address range on the subnet

# to which a BOOTP client is connected which has the dynamic-bootp flag

# set.

#host fantasia {

# hardware ethernet 08:00:07:26:c0:a5;

# fixed-address fantasia.fugue.com;

# You can declare a class of clients and then do address allocation

# based on that. The example below shows a case where all clients

# in a certain class get addresses on the 10.17.224/24 subnet, and all

# other clients get addresses on the 10.0.29/24 subnet.

#class "foo" {

# match if substring (option vendor-class-identifier, 0, 4) = "SUNW";

#shared-network 224-29 {

# subnet 10.17.224.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {

# option routers rtr-224.example.org;

# }

# subnet 10.0.29.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {

# option routers rtr-29.example.org;

# }

# pool {

# allow members of "foo";

# range 10.17.224.10 10.17.224.250;

# }

# pool {

# deny members of "foo";

# range 10.0.29.10 10.0.29.230;

# } [/aidcode]

上面这个文件中后面都是注释，是原来系统给你的配置做的例子，可以不要。当然除非你用到它们，并且清楚它们的含义。

9、建立空文件：touch /var/state/dhcp/dhcpd.leases空文件

10、检查内核编译选项：Networking options-----Packet socket: mmapped IO和Socket Filtering选项是否被选中（不知道怎么看？看看前面的文章，用make menuconfig呀），如果没有就需要重新编译内核了。

11、route add -host 255.255.255.255 dev eth0

12、roote add -host localhost dev eth0

13、在/etc/rc.d/rc.local最后增加一行route add -host 255.255.255.255 dev eth0

14、reboot系统

15、用dhcpd命令启动DHCP，用其他的机器试试看能不能自动配置网络了。

(4) 安装apache+mysql+php+gd+png+zlib+jpeg+freetype+sslmod

这么一大堆东西为什么要一块说呢？因为他们中间是有紧密联系的，尤其是那个PHP，用到其他所有的模块。要想PHP功能全，只能一步步来了。

1、首先安装MYSQL：从http://www.mysql.com/downloads/index.html下载自己觉得合适的版本。这里用3.23.42版本。

2、进入目录/usr/local/src(这个以后就不用说了吧？)解压缩：tar zxvf mysql-3.23.42.tar.gz

3、cd mysql-3.23.42/

4、configure --prefix=/usr/local/mysql

5、make

6、make install

7、useradd mysql ; groupadd mysql ; su mysql ;(建立命名为mysql的用户和组，并切换为mysql身份)

8、scripts/mysql_install_db (建立数据库结构)

9、cd /usr/local/mysql/bin

10、./safe_mysqld & （启动了）

11、./mysqladmin -u root password "new-password"（你的新密码，记住MYSQL的密码核系统密码是独立的，缺省是没有密码）

12、用mysql程序试试看。

下面的步骤都很程式化，我尽量简洁地写出。

13、下载相关的软件包：地址表格如下

[aidcode]

软件

版本

地址 jpegsrc.v6b.tar.gz

6b ftp://ftp.uu.net/graphics/jpeg zlib.tar.gz 1.1.3 ftp://ftp.uu.net/graphics/png/src freetype-2.0.8.tar.gz 2.0.8 http://www.freetype.org libpng-1.0.10.tar.gz 1.0.10 ftp://ftp.uu.net/graphics/png/src gd-1.8.4.tar.gz 1.8.4 http://www.boutell.com/gd apache_1.3.23.tar.gz 1.3.23 http://www.apache.org php-4.1.1.tar.gz 4.1.1 http://www.php.net number4.tar.gz 4 http://www.php.net/extra rsaref20.tar.Z 2.0 ftp://ftp.ai.mit.edu/pub/deberg openssl-engine-0.9.6c.tar.gz 0.9.6c http://www.openssl.org/source mod_ssl-2.8.6-1.3.23.tar.gz 2.8.6 http://www.modssl.org [/aidcode]

下齐了就放在/usr/local/src目录下，除了number4.tar.gz和rsaref20.tar.Z以外，其他一律用tar zxvf XXXX.tar.gz解压缩。（过瘾吧？）

特殊的，rsaref20.tar.Z 需要先建立一个rsaref-2.0目录，然后把rsaref20.tar.Z复制到改目录下用tar zxvf rsaref30.tar.Z释放压缩。Number4.tar.gz需要复制到php-4.1.1目录内，然后用tar zxvf number4.tar.gz解压缩。

下面的描述我想简单一点，只写出进入目录后执行的命令。那些目录都是释放的时候自己建立的，如果你这些操作都在/usr/local/src下面执行，所有的目录就都在这里面。最好按照顺序执行。再罗嗦一句：如果不是第一次编译，一般情况请执行一次make clean后再编译。

14、[jpeg-6b]：生成JPEG图像的函数库。

[aidcode]

./configure

make

make test

make install [/aidcode]

15、[zlib-1.1.3]：压缩算法库，是PNG和JPEG需要的

[aidcode]

make test

make install [/aidcode]

16、[freetype-2.0.8]：字体库，在图像上使用字体的时候需要用到，