为什么在这要一个原型的，一个泛型的构造函数，如果是泛型时可不可以替代copy构造函数
auto_ptr (auto_ptr& rhs) throw()
: ap(rhs.release()) {
}
template<class Y>
auto_ptr (auto_ptr<Y>& rhs) throw()
: ap(rhs.release()) {
}
如下列Code:
namespace std {
// auxiliary type to enable copies and assignments (now global)
template<class Y>
struct auto_ptr_ref {
Y* yp;
auto_ptr_ref (Y* rhs)
: yp(rhs) {
}
};
template<class T>
class auto_ptr {
private:
T* ap; // refers to the actual owned object (if any)
public:
typedef T element_type;
// constructor
explicit auto_ptr (T* ptr = 0) throw()
: ap(ptr) {
}
// copy constructors (with implicit conversion)
// - note: nonconstant parameter
auto_ptr (auto_ptr& rhs) throw()
: ap(rhs.release()) {
}
template<class Y>
auto_ptr (auto_ptr<Y>& rhs) throw()
: ap(rhs.release()) {
}
// assignments (with implicit conversion)
// - note: nonconstant parameter
auto_ptr& operator= (auto_ptr& rhs) throw() {
reset(rhs.release());
return *this;
}
template<class Y>
auto_ptr& operator= (auto_ptr<Y>& rhs) throw() {
reset(rhs.release());
return *this;
}
// destructor
~auto_ptr() throw() {
delete ap;
}
// value access
T* get() const throw() {
return ap;
}
T& operator*() const throw() {
return *ap;
}
T* operator->() const throw() {
return ap;
}
// release ownership
T* release() throw() {
T* tmp(ap);
ap = 0;
return tmp;
}
// reset value
void reset (T* ptr=0) throw() {
if (ap != ptr) {
delete ap;
ap = ptr;
}
}
/* special conversions with auxiliary type to enable copies and assignments
*/
auto_ptr(auto_ptr_ref<T> rhs) throw()
: ap(rhs.yp) {
}
auto_ptr& operator= (auto_ptr_ref<T> rhs) throw() { // new
reset(rhs.yp);
return *this;
}
template<class Y>
operator auto_ptr_ref<Y>() throw() {
return auto_ptr_ref<Y>(release());
}
template<class Y>
operator auto_ptr<Y>() throw() {
return auto_ptr<Y>(release());
}
};
}
泛型的ctor是在类型转换的时候调用，可以替代原型的ctor，举个例子：
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
class one {};
class two : public one {};
template <class T>
class a_ptr
{
private:
T* ap;
public:
a_ptr(T* ptr = 0) : ap(ptr) {}
a_ptr(a_ptr& rhs) : ap(rhs.release()) {}
template<class U>
a_ptr (a_ptr<U>& rhs) : ap(rhs.release()) {}
T* release()
{
T* tmp(ap);
ap = 0;
return tmp;
}
};
int main()
{
a_ptr<int> p1(new int);
a_ptr<int> p2(p1);
a_ptr<two> p3(new two);
a_ptr<one> p4(p3);
cin.get();
return 0;
}
如果只注释掉
a_ptr(a_ptr& rhs) : ap(rhs.release()) {}
代码还是可以编译
如果只注释掉
template<class U>
a_ptr (a_ptr<U>& rhs) : ap(rhs.release()) {}
则
a_ptr<one> p4(p3);
不能编译
如果两个都注释掉
……