Oracle中有多种方法可以向数据库或服务器文件系统上载文件,这里主要介绍如下三种:Oracle HTTP Server(OHS)的mod_plsql模块提供通过web页面向数据库上载文件的功能;Oracle 9iAS的标签库和Bean提供的文件上载功能;通过JDBC程序上载文件。
一、Oracle HTTP Server(OHS)的mod_plsql模块提供通过web页面向数据库上载文件的功能
1.在文件上载的目标模式中建立文档访问表
CREATE TABLE [table_name] (NAME VARCHAR2(256) UNIQUE NOT NULL,MIME_TYPE VARCHAR2(128),DOC_SIZE NUMBER,DAD_CHARSET VARCHAR2(128),LAST_UPDATED DATE,CONTENT_TYPE VARCHAR2(128),[content_column_name] [content_column_type][ , [content_column_name] [content_column_type]]);
表中CONTENT_TYPE列为BLOB或long raw,但只能有一列。每个上载文件在表中单独占有一行,不能同时把多个文件上载到表中的同一行内,这是mod_plsql模块功能有限的地方。用下面和列建立文档表:Content_table。
NAME VARCHAR(128) UNIQUE NOT NULL,MIME_TYPE VARCHAR(128),DOC_SIZE NUMBER,DAD_CHARSET VARCHAR(128),LAST_UPDATED DATE,CONTENT_TYPE VARCHAR(128),CONTENT LONG RAW,BLOB_CONTENT BLOB ;
2.配置DAD的文档访问表
启动数据库和OHS后,创建空白的数据库访问描述符。在"数据库访问描述符"页面的"网关使用文档表"信息向与此数据库访问描述符关联的数据库上载/下载文档。缺省情况下所有文档都将以 BLOB 上载。通过在 Long Raw 字段中指定以逗号分隔的文件扩展名,可以覆盖此缺省设置。此字段的*值将使所有文档以 Long Raw 上载。"文档访问过程"指定用于访问文档的虚拟路径。"文档访问过程"字段指定网关处理文档请求所调用的过程。这里指定缺省的文档表为content_table。
3.提供文件上载页面,这里使用存储过程的形式上载和浏览、下载文件。
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE "ZYFILEUP"."IN_FILE" isbeginhtp.prn('<html><head><title>File upload</title></head><body bgcolor="#C0C0C0"><form enctype="multipart/form-data" action="/pls/upfile/write_infos" method="POST"><p><b><font size="5" color="#800080">指定上载文件</font></b></p><hr><p><b>标题:<textarea rows="3" name="filetitle" cols="100" style="background-color: #008080; color: #FFFFFF"></textarea> <br><b>类别:<input type="text" name="filesort" size="130" style="background-color: #008080; color: #FFFFFF"> <br><b>作者:<input type="text" name="author" size="130" style="background-color: #008080; color: #FFFFFF"> <br><b>小类:<input type="text" name="localsort" size="130" style="background-color: #008080; color: #FFFFFF"> <br><b>摘要:<textarea rows="5" name="abstract" cols="130" style="background-color: #008080; color: #FFFFFF"></textarea> <br><b>文章1:<input type="file" name="up_file" size="110" style="background-color: #008080; color: #FFFFFF"> <br><b>文章2:<input type="file" name="up_file" size="110" style="background-color: #008080; color: #FFFFFF"> <br><b>文章3:<input type="file" name="up_file" size="110" style="background-color: #008080; color: #FFFFFF"> <br><b>文章4:<input type="file" name="up_file" size="110" style="background-color: #008080; color: #FFFFFF"> <br></b></b></b></b></b></b></b></b></b></b> </p><hr><p><b><line><input type="submit" value="提交"><input type="reset" value="全部重写"></p></form></body></html>');end;
4.提供上载文件浏览页面
第3步提交的文件自动上载到文档表中,下面由存储过程WRITE_INFOS来记录上载的文件信息,实际上完全没必要,但这里做一比较。
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE "ZYFILEUP"."WRITE_INFOS" (filetitle in varchar2,up_file in owa.vc_arr,filesort in varchar2,author in varchar2,abstract in varchar2,localsort in varchar2) isi number:=1;beginhtp.htmlopen;htp.headopen;htp.title('File Uploaded');htp.headclose;htp.bodyopen;htp.header(1, 'Upload Status');while true loopbeginhtp.prn('Uploaded '|| up_file(i) ||' successfully !');htp.prn('<br>');htp.prn('<a href="/pls/upfile/downfile?upfilename=');htp.prn(utl_url.escape(up_file(i),true,'GBK'));htp.prn('" target="_blank">Open this file !</a>');htp.prn('<br>');INSERT INTO "ZYFILEUP"."FILE_TABLE"values(filetitle,up_file(i),filesort,author,sysdate(),abstract,localsort);commit;i:=i+1;exceptionwhen no_data_found then exit;end;end loop;htp.line;htp.print('Uploaded successfully !');htp.bodyclose;htp.htmlclose;end;
查阅文档表后会发现,文件已经上载了,但文档表的上载时间有错误,与上载记录中的系统时间不符,这可能是该功能的一个BUG,如果谁有解决此问题的办法或软件补丁,请告诉我。
5.为上载文件提供页面浏览功能
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE "ZYFILEUP"."DOWNFILE" (upfilenamein varchar2)ismimetype varchar2(100);myblob blob;beginselect mime_type,blob_content into mimetype,myblobfrom zyfileup.content_table where name = upfilename;owa_util.mime_header(mimetype, true);sys.wpg_docload.download_file(myblob);end;
这样可以通过Web浏览器根据上载文件的mime_type类型浏览文件了。
这种上载文件的办法最为简单,可以支持中文文件名,支持客户端文件上载和下载,可以自动识别文件类型和计算文件大小。
二、Oracle 9iAS的标签库和Bean提供的文件上载功能
Oracle developer suit 9i 中的Jdeveloper9031提供通过标签库上载文件的方法,下面的例子中in_file.jsp文件提供上载表单,up_file.jsp列出上载文件列表,dn_file.jsp文件为下载刚才上载的文件。该方法使用图形编辑器,简单可行,但不支持中文文件名,可实现客户端文件上载和下载。
如下为in_file.jsp的源程序:
<%@ taglib uri="http://xmlns.oracle.com/j2ee/jsp/tld/ojsp/fileaccess.tld"prefix="fileaccess" %><%@ page language="java" import="java.io.*" contentType="text/html" %><html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/HTML;charset=gb2312"><title>jdbc upload and download blob</title></head><body><fileaccess:httpUploadFormformsAction="up_file.jsp"maxFiles="5" fileNameSize="100"maxFileNameSize="150" submitButtonText="send"></fileaccess:httpUploadForm></body> </html>
up_file.jsp的源程序:
<%@ taglib uri="http://xmlns.oracle.com/j2ee/jsp/tld/ojsp/sqltaglib.tld" prefix="database" %><%@ taglib uri="http://xmlns.oracle.com/j2ee/jsp/tld/ojsp/fileaccess.tld" prefix="fileaccess" %><%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=gb2312"%><html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/HTML;charset=gb2312"><title>jdbc upload and download blob</title></head><body><database:dbOpen user="zy" password="zy"URL="jdbc:oracle:thin:@db92:1521:cf92" commitOnClose="true"><fileaccess:httpUploaddestination="zy_blob"destinationType="database"table="blob_table"></fileaccess:httpUpload></database:dbOpen>Done!<a href="dn_file.jsp">下载!</a></body></html>
dn_file.jsp的源程序:
<%@ taglib uri="http://xmlns.oracle.com/j2ee/jsp/tld/ojsp/fileaccess.tld" prefix="fileaccess" %><%@ taglib uri="http://xmlns.oracle.com/j2ee/jsp/tld/ojsp/sqltaglib.tld" prefix="database" %><%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=GBK"%><html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=GBK"></head><body><database:dbOpen user="zy" password="zy"URL="jdbc:oracle:thin:@db92:1521:cf92"><fileaccess:httpDownload source="*" servletPath="/"sourceType="database" table="blob_table"></fileaccess:httpDownload></database:dbOpen>Download done!</body></html>
三、通过JDBC实现文件上载和下载
通过把文件上载到BLOB或CLOB列实现文件上载,但此法不支持客户端文件上载,所以局限性很大,通过JDBC实现的下载功能也只是在服务器的本地下载(下载程序没有列出),所以这种方法仅作为一项技术参考可以,没有太大实用价值。
Blob_in_stream.jsp程序如下:
<%@ page session="true" language="java" %><html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/HTML;charset=gb2312"><title>jdbc upload and download blob</title></head><body><FORM action="blob_w_stream.jsp" method="POST"><p>文件 File to upload:<INPUT type="file" name="up_file"><br><p><INPUT type="submit"></FORM></body></html>
Blob_w_stream.jsp程序如下:
<%@ page session="true" language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=gb2312"%><%@ page import="java.sql.*"%><%@ page import="java.io.*"%><%@ page import="oracle.jdbc.driver.*" %><%@ page import="oracle.sql.*" %><html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/HTML;charset=gb2312"><title>jdbc upload and download blob</title></head><body><%String uploadfile=request.getParameter("up_file");//Input form don't have ENCTYPE="multipart/form-data" clause,else input//file name will NULL!Get file name from input form.File binaryFile = new File(uploadfile);Reader char_stream = clobtext.getCharacterStream();char [] char_array = new char [length];int chars_read = char_stream.read (char_array, 0, length);out.println(char_array);out.println();out.write();Inputstream asciiChar_stream = clobtext.getAsciiStream();byte[] asciiChar_array = new byte[length];int asciiChar_read = asciiChar_stream.read(asciiChar_array,0,length);//Or File binaryFile = new File("c:\cf\a.doc"); point to c:cfa.doc.FileInputStream instream = new FileInputStream(binaryFile);%><p>file name is :<%=uploadfile%><%Class.forName("oracle.jdbc.OracleDriver").newInstance();String connStr="jdbc:oracle:thin:@db92:1521:cf92";String user="zy";String password="zy";Connection conn = DriverManager.getConnection(connStr,user,password);conn.setAutoCommit(false);Statement stmt=conn.createStatement();stmt.execute("UPDATE ZY.BLOB_TABLE SET DATA = EMPTY_BLOB() WHERE FILENAME='Concepts.pdf'");conn.commit();//must null the blob data column,else if size of inserting file less than//existing blob file,then new insert file format error occur!New blob file don't//overwrite old blob column data!String cmd = "SELECT DATA FROM ZY.BLOB_TABLE WHERE FILENAME='Concepts.pdf' for update";ResultSet rset = stmt.executeQuery(cmd);BLOB blob;rset.next();//must.else occur error "don't call ResultSet.next()"blob = ((OracleResultSet)rset).getBLOB(1);//must explicit!dont locate in logical block.for example,locate in IF...ITEN.OutputStream outstream = blob.getBinaryOutputStream();int size = blob.getBufferSize();%><p>buffer size is :<%=size%><%byte[] buffer = new byte[102400];//Or direct 102400 instead of variable size!//Performance tips!size=24396.int length = -1;while ((length = instream.read(buffer)) != -1)outstream.write(buffer, 0, length);instream.close();outstream.close();conn.commit();//must explicit commit!If BFILE,then auto commit.conn.close();%><p>Upload file is down!</body></html>