问题描述：
Oracle自动备份脚本的实现。
错误提示1：
Message file RMAN.msb not found
Verify that Oracle_HOME is set properly
。。。。。。
错误原因：
自动执行的不能够识别相应的命令，需要在自动备份脚本中显式的声明Oracle的环境变量。
错误提示2：
standard in must be a tty
。。。。。。
错误原因：
不能在cron使用su或者管道等操作，必须将su命令移动到相关的shell脚本中。
错误提示3：
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Argument Value Description
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
target quoted-string connect-string for target database
catalog quoted-string connect-string for recovery catalog
nocatalog none if specified, then no recovery catalog
cmdfile quoted-string name of input command file
log quoted-string name of output message log file
trace quoted-string name of output debugging message log file
append none if specified, log is opened in append mode
debug optional-args activate debugging
msgno none show RMAN-nnnn prefix for all messages
send quoted-string send a command to the media manager
pipe string building block for pipe names
timeout integer number of seconds to wait for pipe input
checksyntax none check the command file for syntax errors
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Both single and double quotes (" or ") are accepted for a quoted-string.
Quotes are not required unless the string contains embedded white-space.
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-00556: could not open CMDFILE "backup_ar.rcv"
。。。。。。
错误原因：
需要在cmdfile中指明绝对路径，不能因为shell脚本调用的cmdfile是在同一个目录下就可以直接使用文件名或者直接使用./
正确示例代码：
1、#cron文件
0 12,18 * * * /home/Oracle/bak_sh/backup_ar.sh
#表示每天12,18点对数据库归档日至进行全备份
2、入口shell文件，文件名：backup_ar.sh
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export Oracle_HOME=/home/u01/app/Oracle/Oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1
export Oracle_SID=test
export LANG=en_US.UTF-8
/home/u01/app/Oracle/Oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/bin/rman cmdfile = backup_ar.rcv
3、rman备份脚本
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connect target /
connect catalog rman/rman@rman
run{
allocate channel d1 device type disk;
sql "alter system archive log current";
backup archivelog all delete input
format "/opt/rmanback/full_%u_%p_%c.ac" filesperset = 3;
release channel d1;
}
解决方法：
1、两种办法
一是用root的crontab，*/2 * * * * a.sh --》su - Oracle -c a.sh
一是在a.sh里加上Oracle的环境。
2、我们做的cron测试：
实例：
Vi /etc/cron.minly/new.sh
内容：
Su ? Oracle ?c “/home/Oracle/mginfo.sh”
Vi /home/Oracle/mginfo.sh
内容：
Exp mginfotech/mginfotech file=mginfotech.dmp log=mginfotech.log
Vi /etc/crontab
内容：
59 23 * * * root run-parts /etc/cron.minly
每晚23：59分钟执行
cron中无法读取环境变量
在shell中显示地export环境变量
export Oracle_HOME=/opt/ora9/product/9.2
export Oracle_SID=Oracle
export NLS_LANG=xxxxx
然后再试
(t116)