最近因为工作需要，开始学习Exchange Server 2003，在进行安装的时候，发现Exchange Server 2003 的安装过程相对比较繁琐，为了加深记忆，决定把过程写出来。因为俺是菜鸟，所有这个教程也只能适合菜鸟观看。^_^
安装过程主要参考Technet的Webcasts 课程：《2005年05月18日 Exchange Server 2003 实战管理系列之二：Exchange部署与管理体系结构》，需要该视频教程的可以到微软的Technet上下载，地址为：http://www.mswebcast.com.cn/technet/alogin.aspx?id=down%26amp;tid=msft051805vxam。（需要注册一下）。
整个测试环境为Vmware Workstation搭建的虚拟网络：两台DC（DC01、DC02）以及一台成员服务器（Exchange），操作系统均为Windows Server 2003 R2。
一、安装环境要求：
1、文件格式要求：安装Exchange Server 2003的磁盘分区必须设置为NTFS格式。
2、操作系统要求：必须为 Windows 2000 Service Pack 3（SP3）或更高版本；或者为Windows Server 2003
如果是将Windows 2000 Server 升级到Windows Server 2003，必须先安装Exchange Server 2003再升级Windows Server 2003
3、服务器必须加入到Active Directory域
二、添加Exchange管理员帐号
为了更好的安装和管理Exchange服务器，需要为其添加一个管理员帐号。
1、由域管理员在AD中创建一个用户“ExchAdmin”。
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2、赋予ExchAdmin用户Exchange服务器的本地管理员权限。（为了安装方便，我同时赋予了该用户域管理员的权限）
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三、安装Windows服务
1、Exchange Server 2003安装程序要求服务器安装下列服务：IIS服务、SMTP服务、NNTP服务、万维网服务（WWW）；在Window Server 2003中还需要ASP．NET
2、安装Windows服务组件
1)使用ExchAdmin帐号登陆到Exchange服务器，在“控制面板”中打开“添加/删除程序”，单击“添加/删除Windows组件”， 单击“应用程序服务器”，再单击“详细信息”。
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2)选中“ASP．NET”所对应的复选框，单击“Internet信息服务（IIS）”，再单击“详细信息”。
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3)在“Internet信息服务（IIS）”中，选中“NNTP Service”、 “SMTP Service”和“万维网服务”所对应的复选框，再单击“确定”。
注：“万维网服务”默认是选中的
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4)在“应用程序服务器”组件选项中，确认选中了“Internet信息服务（IIS）”复选框，再单击“确定”。在“Windows组件向导”中单击“下一步”安装组件。直到完成安装。
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3、验证Windows服务组件安装是否正确。
1)在“控制面板”中打开“管理工具”，打开其中的“服务”，查看“NNTP服务”(Network News Transfer Protocol)、“SMTP服务”(Simple Mail Transfer Protocol)以及“万维网服务”（World Wide Web Publishing Service）是否已经安装和启动。
注：NNTP服务可以不启用，但是必须有安装。
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2)在“管理工具”中打开“Internet信息服务（IIS）管理器”，在“Web服务扩展”中查看ASP．NET的状况是否为“允许”
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四、安装Windows支持工具
1、在Windows Server 2003安装光盘中，打开SUPPORT文件夹，再打开TOOLS文件夹，找到“SUPTOOLS.MSI”文件并运行，安装Windows支持工具
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2、一路“Next”到安装完成。
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3、完成后，再到DC上同样进行Windows支持工具的安装。
五、检查活动目录和网络连接情况
1、使用DCDiag工具测试域控制器的网络连接和DNS解析
1)使用Administrator帐号登陆到DC上，打开“命令提示符”窗口，输入命令“dcdiag/vc:\dcdiag.txt”
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2)在C盘根目录下找到“dcdiag.txt”文件，打开检查测试情况。在每项测试后面都有一个结果，如果为“Passed”则表示该项测试通过，如果发现有“Failed”的，则应该查看原因并解决。最后确保所有测试通过。
注：最可能出现“Failed”的项目是“Starting test: systemlog”，其检测的是系统日志是否存在错误，其中有些错误并不会影响安装，需要具体对待。
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2、使用NetDiag工具测试工作站和服务器的网络连接和DNS解析
1)使用ExchAdmin帐号登陆到Exchange服务器上，打开“命令提示符”窗口，输入命令“netdiag/vc:\netdiag.txt”
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2)在C盘根目录下找到“netdiag.txt”文件，打开检查测试情况。同样查看所有测试是否“Passed”，确保所有测试通过
六、森林拓展（ForestPrep）
%26Oslash; 森林拓展是为了扩展Active Directory架构，使其包含Exchange特有的类和属性，还为Active Directory中的Exchange 2003 组织创建容器对象。
%26Oslash; 必须在Active Directory目录林中驻留架构主机（Schema Master）的域中运行一次ForestPrep。
%26Oslash; 运行ForestPrep的账户必须是“企业管理员组”（Enterprise Admins）和“架构管理员组”（Schema Admins）的成员
%26Oslash; 森林拓展只需要在林中运行一次即可。
1、使用netdom对操作主控FSMO进行检测：在“命令提示符”窗口中输入“netdom query fsmo /domain:turbo.com”（turbo.com为域名），可以看到DC01为森林中的架构主控（Schema Master）。
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2、安装ForestPrep
1)使用Administrator登陆到DC01，放入Exchange Server 2003的安装光盘并运行，在欢迎界面中单击“Exchange部署工具”
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2)单击“部署第一台Exchange 2003服务器”
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3)单击“安装全新的Exchange 2003”
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4)单击“立即运行ForestPrep”
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5)弹出一个警告提示框（不知是否因为Windows版本的问题），单击继续
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6)出现安装向导界面，单击“下一步”
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7)出现许可协议窗口，选中“我同意”并单击“下一步”
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8)输入产品序列号，单击“下一步”
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9)出现安装组件选择，按照默认选择，单击“下一步”
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10) 这里需要授予一个Exchange管理员账户，输入我们一开始建立的用户“ExchAdmin”，单击“下一步”
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11) 开始进行森林拓展的安装，这个过程一般比较长。
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12) 等待一段时间后，安装完成，单击“完成”确认，完成森林拓展。
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13) 除了上面的图形界面安装，还可以使用命令行安装ForestPrep，在“命令提示符”窗口中，输入“cd setup\i386”,进入到安装光盘I386文件夹，再输入“setup /forestprep”，即可同样进行ForestPrep的安装。
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14) 进行森林拓展的时候，还需要注意“Remote Registry”服务是否有启动，这个服务如果停用了会造成拓展失败。
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3、验证森林拓展
1)在“命令提示符”窗口中进入到安装光盘的exchange子目录，输入“dir *.ldf”，森林拓展就是将其中的schema*.ldf文件导入到了系统中.
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2)在“命令提示符”窗口输入：“write.exe schema9.ldf”，用写字板打开schema9.ldf（最后的一个schema*.ldf文件）
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3)在文件的最末端，可以看到最后一个步骤就是在CN=ms-Exch-Schema-Version-Pt对象上面有一个rangeUpper属性，它的值被替换为6870
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4)在“命令提示符”窗口输入“adsiedit.msc”，打开ADSI Edit窗口
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5)在“schema”下面的“CN=Schema,CN=Configuration,DC=turbo,DC=com”，找到“CN=ms-Exch-Schema-Version-Pt”一栏。
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6)右键选择“属性”，打开属性窗口。找到rangeUpper属性，看看它的值是否被替换为6870。即可确认森林拓展已经完成。
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七、域拓展（DomainPrep）
%26Oslash; 域拓展用于创建Exchange服务器读取和修改用户属性所必需的组和权限。
%26Oslash; DomainPrep新建两个域组：Exchange Domain Servers（Windows全局安全组）和Exchange Enterprise Servers（Windows域本地安全组）
%26Oslash; 将全局Exchange Domain Servers组嵌套到Exchange Enterprise Servers本地组中
%26Oslash; 创建“Exchange系统对象”容器，用于存放已启用邮件的公用文件夹
%26Oslash; 在域的根位置设置Exchange Enterprise Servers组的权限，使收件人更新服务有正确的权限来处理收件人对象
%26Oslash; 修改Windows用来为本地Domain Administrator组的成员设置权限的AdminSdHolder模版
%26Oslash; 执行DomainPrep的账户必须是“域管理员组”（Domain Admins）和“本地管理员组”（Administrators）的成员。
%26Oslash; DomainPrep必须在包含Exchange 2003服务器的每个域已经驻留Exchange用户的任何域中运行一次。
1、安装
1)使用“ExchAdmin”帐户登陆到“Exchange”服务器上，放入Exchange Server 2003的安装光盘并运行，步骤参看前面的森林拓展，到选中安装项目的时候，单击“立即运行DomainPrep”
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2)接着和森林拓展一样继续进行几个步骤的选择，在安装组件选择同样按照默认选择，单击“下一步”
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3)安装向导会提示安全问题，点“确定”即可。
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4)接着出现安装进度界面，自动安装，这个过程相对比较快了。
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5)最后安装完成，单击“完成”确认。
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2、验证域拓展安装
1)在“命令提示符”窗口，进入到安装光盘的SUPPORT目录的ExDeploy子目录下，输入“policytest.exe”
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2)在测试结果中显示Right found:"SeSecurityPrivilege"，表示已经找到权限，完成域拓展
注：如果有两台DC，可能会有一台提示还没找到权限，这时需要一段时间等待其自行同步。
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3)打开“Active Directory用户和计算机”，可以看到新增了两个Exchange的组
注：Exchange Domain Servers和Exchange Enterprise Servers组必须放在“Users”容器中，不可以随意更改其存放位置，否则会是Exchange无法运行
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查看这两个组的属性时，可以看到其中的描述也强调了不可移动和重命名
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八、安装Exchange服务组件
1、安装步骤：
1)使用森林拓展时指定的Exchange管理员帐户“ExchAdmin”登陆到Exchange服务器，放入Exchange Server 2003的安装光盘并运行，同样执行相关的步骤，到选中安装项目的时候，单击“立即运行安装程序”。
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2)在安装组件选择同样按照默认选择，单击“下一步”
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3)选择“新建Exchange组织”，单击“下一步”。
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4)给Exchange组织起一个名字，这里输入“First”，单击“下一步”。
注：如果输入的是中文名字，会提示组织名包含对无效字符，需要再提供一个简单的组织名。
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5)同意许可协议，单击“下一步”。
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6)要求输入一个简单的管理组名，同样输入““First”，单击“下一步”。
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7)再次确认安装选择，单击“下一步”
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8)开始进行组件的安装，等待其自行安装。
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9)安装完成，单击“完成”确定。
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2、验证Exchange组件安装
1)在“管理工具”中打开“服务”，查看是否增加了一些Exchange相关的服务
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2)在C盘根目录下打开安装日志文件“Exchange Server Setup Progress.log”，查看其是否显示“已成功完成安装”。
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3)在“Active Directory用户和计算机”的“查看”菜单，选中“高级功能”，可以看到有一项“Microsoft Exchange System Objects”，用来存放Exchange对象。
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4)在“Active Directory用户和计算机”中，右键单击用户，会增加一项“Exchange任务”。
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3、安装Exchange Server 2003 SP2，点击“开始”——“程序”——“ Microsoft Exchange”——“系统管理器”，打开Exchange系统管理器，右键打开First属性，钩选“显示路由组”和“显示管理组”。
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打开管理组中的服务器，可以查看到当前Exchange的版本信息。
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