關于Postfix虛擬域的相關釋疑

在Postfix 1.1.x中，virtual_maps及virtual_mailbox_maps容易搞混，而在未來的Postfix 2.x中，virtual_*相關的設置也會有所變動。因此有必要搞清楚兩者之間的區別和聯系，以及虛擬域在Postfix中的實現和相關含義。 寄件者："James T. Richardson, Jr." (james.richardson@wickander.com) 主旨：Postifix %26amp; Virtual Domains View this article only 新聞群組：mailing.postfix.users 日期：2002-11-26 15:12:06 PST After setting up Postfix + MySQL I'm having a hard time getting "virtual aliases" working. I'm wanting to use Virtual Mailbox Domains (not Postfix-Style, nor Sendmail-Style). Mail is delivered to both my local domain and to my virtual domains. At least for my users that have Maildir's defined. Relevant sectionof the config: --- myhostname = mail-gateway.mydomain.com myorigin = $mydomain mydestination = $myhostname, localhost.$mydomain $mydomain local_recipient_maps = $alias_maps unix:passwd.byname alias_maps = hash:/etc/postfix/aliases alias_database = $alias_maps transport_maps = mysql:/etc/postfix/transport.cf virtual_mailbox_maps = mysql:/etc/postfix/mysql_virt.cf hash:/etc/postfix/virtual virtual_uid_maps = mysql:/etc/postfix/uids.cf virtual_gid_maps = mysql:/etc/postfix/gids.cf virtual_mailbox_base = /var/mail/vhosts --- The "mysql_virt.cf" file looks like: user=postfix password=sekret dbname=maildb table=users select_field_maildir where_field=address hosts=localhost Following instructions by Victor Duchovni (http://groups.google.com/groups?hl=en%26amp;lr=%26amp;ie=UTF-8%26amp;oe=UTF-8%26amp;selm=ajh5mv $h93$1@FreeBSD.csie.NCTU.edu.tw%26amp;rnum=1): I call such domains *virtual-mailbox* domains. To define a virtual-mailbox domain, just a "domain whatever" entry to one of the tables listed in $virtual_mailbox_maps. For now it is also necessary to add the domain to the transport table in order to arrange for mail to the domain to be handled by a suitable virtual delivery agent (presumably but not necessarily the Postfix "virtual" delivery agent). I created a simple hash (for now) files of "domain whatever" (and ran postmap on it) and stuck it on the end of virtual_mailbox_maps. Now, I'm not sure where to create these aliases or where to tell Postfix about them. I tried putting an alias to postmaster@domain underneath the "domain whatever" line in the virtual file, but that didn't work. I got a To=, relay=virtual, delay=0, status=deferred (recipient postmaster@domain: uid not found in virtual_uid_maps) Surely my aliases don't need assciated UID/GID's? do they? --- James T. Richardson, Jr. james.richardson@wickander.com Post a follow-up to this message Message 2 in thread 寄件者：Russell Mosemann (mose@ns.cune.edu) 主旨：Re: Postifix %26amp; Virtual Domains View this article only 新聞群組：mailing.postfix.users 日期：2002-11-26 15:33:51 PST On Tue, 26 Nov 2002, James T. Richardson, Jr. wrote: After setting up Postfix + MySQL I'm having a hard time getting "virtual aliases" working. I'm wanting to use Virtual Mailbox Domains (not Postfix-Style, nor Sendmail-Style). Mail is delivered to both my local domain and to my virtual domains. At least for my users that have Maildir's defined. Relevant sectionof the config: --- myhostname = mail-gateway.mydomain.com myorigin = $mydomain mydestination = $myhostname, localhost.$mydomain $mydomain local_recipient_maps = $alias_maps unix:passwd.byname alias_maps = hash:/etc/postfix/aliases alias_database = $alias_maps transport_maps = mysql:/etc/postfix/transport.cf virtual_mailbox_maps = mysql:/etc/postfix/mysql_virt.cf hash:/etc/postfix/virtual virtual_uid_maps = mysql:/etc/postfix/uids.cf virtual_gid_maps = mysql:/etc/postfix/gids.cf virtual_mailbox_base = /var/mail/vhosts --- The "mysql_virt.cf" file looks like: user=postfix password=sekret dbname=maildb table=users select_field_maildir where_field=address hosts=localhost Following instructions by Victor Duchovni (http://groups.google.com/groups?hl=en%26amp;lr=%26amp;ie=UTF-8%26amp;oe=UTF-8%26amp;selm=ajh5mv $h93$1@FreeBSD.csie.NCTU.edu.tw%26amp;rnum=1): I call such domains *virtual-mailbox* domains. To define a virtual-mailbox domain, just a "domain whatever" entry to one of the tables listed in $virtual_mailbox_maps. For now it is also necessary to add the domain to the transport table in order to arrange for mail to the domain to be handled by a suitable virtual delivery agent (presumably but not necessarily the Postfix "virtual" delivery agent). I created a simple hash (for now) files of "domain whatever" (and ran postmap on it) and stuck it on the end of virtual_mailbox_maps. Now, I'm not sure where to create these aliases or where to tell Postfix about them. I tried putting an alias to postmaster@domain underneath the "domain whatever" line in the virtual file, but that didn't work. I got a To=, relay=virtual, delay=0, status=deferred (recipient postmaster@domain: uid not found in virtual_uid_maps) Surely my aliases don't need assciated UID/GID's? do they? I don't think you read Victor's message very carefully. A virtual domain is different from a virtual mailbox domain. virtual_maps are used not only for redirecting email from one address to one or more other addresses, it is also used for virtual domains. virtual_mailbox_maps are used for virtual mailbox domains and for mailboxes on the local computer that do not have an associated Unix account. You are mixing the two, and that is the cause of your problems. ---- Russell Mosemann, Ph.D. * Computing Services * Concordia University, Nebraska "A penny saved is a penny earned." "Penny wise, pound foolish." Post a follow-up to this message Message 3 in thread 寄件者：Victor.Duchovni@morganstanley.com (Victor.Duchovni@morganstanley.com) 主旨：Re: Postifix %26amp; Virtual Domains View this article only 新聞群組：mailing.postfix.users 日期：2002-11-26 19:12:51 PST On Tue, 26 Nov 2002, James T. Richardson, Jr. wrote: Following instructions by Victor Duchovni (http://groups.google.com/groups?hl=en%26amp;lr=%26amp;ie=UTF-8%26amp;oe=UTF-8%26amp;selm=ajh5mv $h93$1@FreeBSD.csie.NCTU.edu.tw%26amp;rnum=1): I call such domains *virtual-mailbox* domains. To define a virtual-mailbox domain, just a "domain whatever" entry to one of the tables listed in $virtual_mailbox_maps. For now it is also necessary to add the domain to the transport table in order to arrange for mail to the domain to be handled by a suitable virtual delivery agent (presumably but not necessarily the Postfix "virtual" delivery agent). I created a simple hash (for now) files of "domain whatever" (and ran postmap on it) and stuck it on the end of virtual_mailbox_maps. Now, I'm not sure where to create these aliases or where to tell Postfix about them. I tried putting an alias to postmaster@domain underneath the "domain whatever" line in the virtual file, but that didn't work. I got a To=, relay=virtual, delay=0, status=deferred (recipient postmaster@domain: uid not found in virtual_uid_maps) You actually searched for and found some documentation and mostly followed it correctly! You deserve a break. Your issue is that you are trying to specify address rewriting rules ("aliases" of sorts) for virtual mailbox domains in the virtual_mailbox_maps tables. These tables define the pathname of the virtual user's mailbox, not an alternate address. For virtual mailbox users the only available address rewriting mechanism is $virtual_maps. Don't put the "domain anything" keys for virtual mailbox domainsthere, but do put address rewriting rules there. So virtual_mailbox_maps = hash:/etc/postfix/vmboxdomains, mysql:mumble virtual_maps = mysql:fumble /etc/postfix/vmboxdomains will have all the "domain anything" keys. List it first, as these lookups will be very fast in comparison to mysql. mysql:mumble will map virtual users to their mailbox path. mysql:fumble (or hash:fumble) will map "aliased" virtual users to the correct email address(es). -- Viktor.