中小规模POSTFIX邮件系统

整个安装描述过程是基于FreeBSD 4.7环境下的，全部功能都安装在一台服务器上，并且拥有mail.localhost.com域名。

1．安装webmin

下载webmin-1.070.tar.gz

#tar zxvf webmin-1.070.tar.gz

#cd webmin-1.070

#./setup.sh

安装后可以对mysql数据库进行管理，比如添加用户，向表里添加数据。

2．数据库的设置

2．1、安装mysql数据库

本系统使用的是FreeBSD 4.7下ports安装的mysql数据库（当时使用原码安装时在安装postfix时出错，所以使用ports安装就解决了该问题）。

#cd /usr/ports/databases/mysql323-server/

#make install

#cd work/mysql-3.23.52/

#scripts/mysql_install_db

#cp support-files/my-medium.cnf /etc/my.cnf

#echo “/usr/local/bin/safe_mysqld --user=mysql %26amp;” /etc/rc.local

#/usr/local/bin/safe_mysqld --user=mysql %26amp; 启动mysql服务

2．2、设置数据库

2.2.1、添加mysql用户：

1、使用webmin－mysql数据库服务器－用户权限，添加用户postfix，密码postfix，主机localhost，并设置拥有相应的权限。

2、使用SQL语句添加用户：

#cd /usr/local/bin

#./mysql –D mysql –p

Password:

mysqlINSERT INTO user (host,user,password)

-VALUES (‘localhost’,‘postfix’,’’);

Query OK. I row affected (0.00 sec)

mysqlUPDATA user SET password=password(‘postfix’)

-WHERE user=’postfix’;

Rows matched: 1 Changed: 1 Warnings: 0

mysqlFLUSH PRIVILEGES;

Query OK. 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

mysqlGRANT select,insert,update on mail.* TO postfix

Query OK. 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

mysqlexit

2.2.2、向数据库中添加表

#cd /usr/local/bin/

#ee postfix.sql

CREATE DATABASE;

GRANT ALL ON mail.* mail@localhost IDENTIFIED BY “postfix”;

FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

use mail;

CREATE TABLE forward (

username varchar(255) NOT NULL default ‘’, //本机地址

forward_addr varchar(255) default NULL, //转发地址

PRIMARY KEY (username)

) TYPE=MyISAM;

CREATE TABLE transport (

domain varchar(255) NOT NULL default ‘’, //邮件域

transport varchar(icon_cool.gif default NULL, //处理方式

PRIMARY KEY (domain)

) TYPE=MyISAM;

CREATE TABLE users (

username varchar(128) NOT NULL default ‘’, //用户名

domain varchar(128) NOT NULL default ‘’, //邮件域

address varchar(128) NOT NULL default ‘’, //邮件地址

password varchar(128) NOT NULL default ‘’, //用户密码（明文）

uid int(6) NOT NULL default ‘1024’, //uid

gid int(6) NOT NULL default ‘1024’， //gid

home varchar(255) NOT NULL default ‘/’, //home目录

maildir varchar(255) NOT NULL default ‘’, //maildir目录

quota varchar(255) NOT NULL default ‘’, //邮箱容量

mailok tinyint(3) NOT NULL default ‘1’,

bool1 tinyint(3) NOT NULL default ‘1’,

bool2 tinyint(3) NOT NULL default ‘1’,

PRIMARY KEY (address),

UNIQUE KEY address (address),

KEY address_2 (address)

) TYPE=MyISAM;

输入完毕后保存退出。

#./mysql –u postfix –p

#password：postfix

2.2.3、向表中添加数据

#/usr/local/bin

#./mysql –u postfix –p

password:******

mysqluse mail

mysqlINSERT INTO transport (domain,transport)

-VALUES (’localhost.com’,’virtual:’);

mysqlINSERT INTO users (username,domain,address,password,uid,gid,

home,maildir,quota,mailok,bool1,bool2)

-VALUES (‘test’,’localhost.com’,’test.localhost.com’,

’test’,’1024’,’1024’,’/’,

’/var/postfix_mail/test/Maildir/’,’5000000’,’1’,’1’,’1’);

mysqlexit

3．安装CYRUS-SASL

#tar –zxvf cyrus-sasl-1.5.27

#cd cyrus-sasl-1.5.27

#./configure --with-pwcheck=/var/pwcheck --enable-login

--enable-plain

#make

#make install

#echo /usr/local/lib/ /etc/ld.so.conf

#echo /usr/local/lib/mysql/ /etc/ld.so.conf

#ldconfig

#cp /usr/local/include/* /usr/include

#cp /usr/local/lib/lib*.* /usr/lib

#ln –s /usr/local/lib/sasl /usr/lib/sasl

#ln –s /usr/local/include/mysql /usr/include/mysql

#ln –s /usr/local/lib/mysql /usr/lib/mysql

在/usr/local/lib/sasl下建立文件smtpd.conf,添加一下内容：

pwcheck_method:mysql

mysql_user:postfix

mysql_passwd:postfix

mysql_host:localhost

mysql_database:mail

mysql_table:users

mysql_uidcol:address

mysql_pwdcol:password

4.安装和设置postfix

4．1、安装postfix

4.4.1、编译/etc/rc.conf,设置sendmail_enable=”NO”

#mv /usr/bin/newaliases /usr/bin/newaliases.OFF

#mv /usr/bin/mailq /usr/bin/mailq.OFF

#mv /usr/sbin/sendmail /usr/sbin/sendmail.OFF

#pw groupadd postfix –g 1024

#pw groupadd postdrop –g 1025

#pw useradd postfix –u 1024 –g postfix

#echo ‘postfix:root’ /etc/aliases

4.4.2、安装postfix和相应的quota补丁

#tar zxvf postfix-1.1.11.tar.gz

#patch

#make –f Makefile.init makefiles ‘CCARGS=-DUSE_SASL_AUTH –DHAS_MYSQL –I/usr/include/mysql’ ‘AUXLIBS=-L/usr/lib/mysql –lmysqlclient –lasal –lz –lm’

#make

#make install 按照默认路径一路回车就可以安装成功postfix，如果出错，在提示“tempdir”时输入：/tmp，这样一般就可以通过。

4．2、设置postfix

postfix默认安装到/etc/postfix目录下，设置文件也在这

#cd /etc/postfix

4.2.1、编译主配置文件main.cf

#ee main.cf 添加如下内容

#Base configure

myhostname = mail.localhost.com //本机的机器名

mydomain = local.com //域名

mynetworks = 127.0.0.0/8 192.168.0.0/16 //允许不经smtp认证能发信的ip段

home_mailbox = Maildir/ //使用的邮箱格式为Maildir/

smtpd_banner = Welcome to localhost.com mail system! //smtp的欢迎信息

#Mysql configure

transport_maps = mysql:/etc/postfix/transport.cf //指定那些域的邮件可以被postfix收下来

virtual_mailbox_base =/ //指定用户邮箱所在的根目录

virtual_uid_maps = mysql:/etc/postfix/ids.cf //指定postfix帐号的ID

virtual_gid_maps = mysql:/etc/postfix/gds.cf //指定postfix组的ID

virtual_mailbox_maps = mysql:/etc/postfix/users.cf //指定用户邮箱的目录

virtual_maps = mysql:/etc/postfix/forward.cf //指定自动转发邮件的设置

#Quota configure

message_size_limit = 5000000 //单个邮件大小的限制

virtual_mailbox_limit = 5000000 //默认的邮箱大小

virtual_mailbox_limit_maps = mysql:/etc/postfix/quota.cf //每个用户的邮箱大小

virtual_mailbox_limit_override = yes //是否允许覆盖默认的邮箱大小

#smtp configure

smtpd_sasl_auth_enable = yes

smtpd_sasl_local_domain = $myhostname

smtpd_recipient_restrictions = permit_mynetworks permit_sasl_authenticated permit_auth_destination reject

smtpd_sasl_security_options = noanonymous

smtpd_client_restrictions = permit_sasl_authenticated

inet_interfaces = all //监听所有端口

inet_interfaces = 192.168.80.21 //是外面的用户也可以发送邮件

4.2.2、查看master.cf文件必须包含下面一行

virtual unix - n n - - virtual

4.2.3、编译transport.cf

#touch transport.cf

#ee transport.cf 添加如下内容

user = postfix

password = postfix

dbname = mail

table = transport

select_field = transport

where_field = domain

hosts = localhost

4.2.4、编译ids.cf

#touch ids.cf

#ee ids.cf

user = postfix

password = postfix

dbname = mail

table = users

select_field = uid

where_field = address

hosts = localhost

4.2.5、编译gds.cf

#touch gds.cf

#ee gds.cf

user = postfix

password = postfix

dbname = mail

table = users

select_field = gid

where_field = address

hosts = localhost

4.2.6、编译forward.cf

#touch forward.cf

#ee forward.cf

user = postfix

password = postfix

dbname = mail

table = forward

select_field = forward_addr

where_field = username

hosts = localhost

4.2.7、编译users.cf

#touch users.cf

#ee users.cf

user = postfix

password = postfix

dbname = mail

table = users

select_field = maildir

where_field = address

hosts = localhost

4.2.8、编译quota.cf

#touch quota.cf

#ee quota.cf

user = postfix

password = postfix

dbname = mail

table = users

select_field = quota

where_field = address

hosts = localhost

4.3、启动postfix

#/usr/sbin/postfix start

postfix/postfix-script: starting the Postfix mail system

#echo “/usr/sbin/postfix start” /etc/rc.local

#telnet localhost 25

Connected to localhost.localhost.com.

Escape character is ‘^]’.

220 Welcome to localhost mail system!

4.4、测试postfix

4.4.1、建立mail邮件存放目录

#cd /var

#mkdir postfix_mail

#chown –R postfix:postfix /var/postfix_mail

4.4.2、使用客户端发邮件

此时可以使用客户端的foxmail或者outlook向用户test.localhost.com发送邮件，然后到/var/postfix/test/Maildir/下查看邮件，如果能收到说明SMTP已经工作正常了，如果有问题仔细检查自己的每个步骤。

5．安装设置courier-imap

5.1、安装courier-imap

#cd /usr/ports/mail/courier-imap

#make

#cd work/courier-imap-1.5.3

#./configure –with-db=db –without-socks –disable-root-check

#make

#make install

#/usr/lib/courier-imap/libexec/authlib/authdaemon start

#echo “/usr/lib/courier-imap/libexec/authlib/authdaemon start” /etc/rc.local

5.2、添加用户

#cd /usr/local/bin

#./mysql –D mysql –p

password:*******

mysqlINSERT INTO user (host,user,password)

-VALUES (‘localhost’,’courier’,’’);

mysqlUPDATA user SET password=password(‘haha’)

-WHERE user=’courier’;

mysqlFLUSH PRIVILEGES;

mysqlGRAN select,insert,update on mail.* TO courier;

mysqlexit

5.3、设置courier-imap

#cd /usr/lib/courier-imap/etc

#cp authdaemonrc.dist authdaemonrc

#cp authmysqlrc.dist authmysqlrc

#cp imapd.dist imapd

#cp imapd-ssl.dist imapd-ssl

#cp pop3d.dist pop3d

#cp pop3d-ssl pop3d-ssl

#ee pop3d

prefix=/usr/lib/courier-imap

exec_prefix=/usr/lib/courier-imap

sbindir=”/usr/lib/courier-imap/sbin”

PIDFILE=/var/run/pop3d.pid

MAXDAEMONS=40

MAXPERIP=4

AUTHMODULES=”authdaemon”

AUTHMODULES_ORIG=”authdaemon”

POP3AUTH=””

POP3AUTH_ORIG=”LOGIN CRAM-MD5 CRAM-SHA1”

POP3AUTH_TLS=””

POP3AUTH_TLS_ORIG=”LOGIN PLAIN”

PORT=110

ADDRESS=0

TCPDOPTS=”-nodnslookup -noidentlookup”

POP3DSTART=YES

#ee imapd

IMAPDSTART=YES

#ee authdaemonrc

authmodulelist=”authmysql authpam”

authmodulelistorig=”authcustom authcram authuserdb authmysql authpam”

daemons=5

version=”authdaemond.mysql”

authdaemonvar=”/usr/lib/courier-imap/var/authdaemon”

#ee authmysqlrc

MYSQL_SERVER localhost

MYSQL_USERNAME courier

MYSQL_PASSWORD haha

MYSQL_SOCKET /tmp/mysql.sock

MYSQL_PORT 3306

MYSQL_OPT 0

MYSQL_DATABASE mail

MYSQL_USER_TABLE users

#MYSQL_CRYPT_PWFIELD password

MYSQL_CLEAR_PWFIELD password

MYSQL_UID_FIELD uid

MYSQL_GID_FIELD gid

MYSQL_LOGIN_FIELD address

MYSQL_HOME_FIELD home

MYSQL_NAME_FIELD username

MYSQL_MAILDIR_FIELD maildir

MYSQL_QUOTA_FIELD quota

MYSQL_WHERE_CLAUSE mailok=1

#cd ..

#ln -s /usr/lib/courier-imap/libexec/imapd.rc imapd

#ln -s /usr/lib/courier-imap/libexec/pop3d.rc pop3d

#./imapd start

#echo “/usr/lib/courier-imap/imap start” /etc/rc.local

#./pop3d start

#echo “/usr/lib/courier-imap/pop3 start” /etc/rc.local

#netstat –an | grep LISTEN

tcp4 0 0 *:110 *:* LISTEN

tcp46 0 0 *:110 *:* LISTEN

tcp4 0 0 *:143 *.* LISTEN

tcp46 0 0 *.143 *.* LISTEN

#telnet localhost 110

Trying 127.0.0.1...

Connected to localhost.cw-isquare.com.

Escape character is ‘^]’.

+OK Hello there

#quit

#telnet localhost 143

#quit

5．安装设置sqwebmail

5.1、安装sqwebmail-3.5.0-cn.tar.gz

#tar zxvf sqwebmail-3.5.0.tar.gz

#cd sqwebmail-3.5.0

#./configure --without-authpam –with-db=db --enable-webpass=no --without-authpwd --without-authshadow

#make configure-check

#make

#make install-strip

#make install-configure

#/usr/local/share/sqwebmail/libexec/authlib/authdaemond start

#echo “/usr/local/share/sqwebmail/libexec/authlib/authdaemond start” /etc/rc.local

5.2、配置sqwebmail-3.5.0

5.2.1、安装apache

#tar apache_1.3.22.tar.gz

#cd apache_1.3.22

#./configure –prefix=/usr/local/apache

#make

#make install

5.2.2、设置sqwebmail

#cd /usr/local/share/sqwebmail

#ee authdaemonrc

authmodulelist=”authmysql authpam”

authmodulelistorig=”authcustom authcram authuserdb authmysql authpam”

daemons=5

version=”authdaemond.mysql”

authdaemonvar=”/usr/local/share/sqwebmail/var/authdaemon”

#ee authmysqlrc

MYSQL_SERVER localhost

MYSQL_USERNAME courier

MYSQL_PASSWORD haha

MYSQL_SOCKET /tmp/mysql.sock

MYSQL_PORT 3306

MYSQL_OPT 0

MYSQL_DATABASE mail

MYSQL_USER_TABLE users

#MYSQL_CRYPT_PWFIELD password

MYSQL_CLEAR_PWFIELD password

MYSQL_UID_FIELD uid

MYSQL_GID_FIELD gid

MYSQL_LOGIN_FIELD address

MYSQL_HOME_FIELD home

MYSQL_NAME_FIELD username

MYSQL_MAILDIR_FIELD maildir

MYSQL_QUOTA_FIELD quota

MYSQL_WHERE_CLAUSE mailok=1

5.2.3、测试sqwebmail-3.5.0

在客户端的浏览器的地址栏输入

http://mail.localhost.com/cgi-bin/sqwebmail

输入用户名和密码就可以登录进去收发邮件了。

注意：用户名一定要输入全称，也就是连域名一起输入。

5.2.4、设置apache页面跳转

#cd /usr/local/apache/htdocs

#touch index.html

#ee index.html

.com/cgi-bin/sqwebmail?index=1”

现在就可以直接在IE的地址栏输入：

http://mail.localhost.com

来访问sqwebmail了

这篇文章没有加入smtp认证，上次有个朋友在帖子里说过加认证的方法，由于没有时间，所以我就没有试。还有没有邮件列表的问题，我找不到解决的方法，如果有朋友看到这篇文章请把smtp认证和邮件列表功能补充一下，这要就比较完整了。在此我先表示感谢～,