Struts 1.1 安装、示例篇

王朝other·作者佚名  2008-05-31
窄屏简体版  字體: |||超大  

在前一篇文章中,我们具体的介绍了Struts 1.1 的工作原理,接着将会介绍它的安装,以及一个具体的应用。

1. Struts 1.1 安装

安装Struts 1.1 比较简单。假设我们使用的是Tomcat 5.0,并且安装在D:omcat下。首先,请到http://jakarta.apache.org/struts/ 下载Struts 1.1,解压缩后,可以看到jakarta-struts-1.1目录,在这个目录下面,你可以看到这样一个目录:webapps.该目录下面有多个*.war,我们copy struts-blank.war 文件到D:omcatwebapps下,restart Tomcat,在Tomcat 的webapps下就会生成一个struts-blank空白Struts开发环境。另外,在你解压缩的目录下的webapps中 struts-example.war 是一个很好的struts学习教程,假如你想深入学习请访问http://jakarta.apache.org/struts 或者 下载 《Struts in Action》 E 文版。

2. 一个简单的例子

2.1 Logon.jsp

<%@ taglib uri="/WEB-INF/struts-Html.tld" prefix="html" %>

<%@ page contentType="text/html; charset=gb2312" %>

<%

/**

* This page shows Logon interface.

* Title: LOGON SYSTEM

* Description: Logon Page

* Copyright: Copyright (c) 2004

* Company: www.ewe.com.cn

* @author bluesunny <hyjun2001@163.com>

* @version 1.0

*/

response.setHeader("Pragma","No-cache");

response.setHeader("Cache-Control","no-cache");

response.setDateHeader("EXPires", 0);

%>

<html>

<head>

<title>Logon</title>

</head>

<body>

<html:errors/>

<html:form action="/Logon" focus="username">

username:<html:text property="username" size="25"/>

passWord:<html:password property="password" size="25"/>

<html:submit property=”submit”/>

</html:form>

</body>

</html>

页面为用户登陆页面,应用到Struts的html标签。

2.2 LogonForm.Java

package com.logon.app;

import javax.servlet.http.*;

import org.apache.struts.action.*;

/**

* This page shows LogonForm.java

* Title: LOGON SYSTEM

* Description: LogonForm Page

* Copyright: Copyright (c) 2004

* Company: www.ewe.com.cn

* @author bluesunny

* @version 1.0

*/

public class LogonForm extends ActionForm{

private String username;

private String password;

public LoginForm() {

username = null;

password = null;

}

public void setUsername(String username){

this.username = username;

}

public String getUsername() {

return this.username;

}

public void setPassword(String password){

this.password = password;

}

public String getPassword(){

return this.password;

}

public void reset(ActionMapping mapping, HttpServletRequest request)

{

username = null;

password = null;

}

}

这个页面为ActionForm bean ,主要是用来封装客户端的用户名与密码。

2.3 LogonAction.java

package com.logon.app;

import java.io.*;

import java.sql.*;

import org.apache.struts.action.Action;

import org.apache.struts.action.ActionForward;

import org.apache.struts.action.ActionMapping;

import org.apache.struts.action.ActionForm;

import javax.servlet.*;

import javax.servlet.http.*;

import org.apache.struts.action.*;

/**

* This page shows LogonAction.java

* Title: LOGON SYSTEM

* Description: LogonAction Page

* Copyright: Copyright (c) 2004

* Company: www.ewe.com.cn

* @author bluesunny

* @version 1.0

*/

public class LogonAction extends Action{

public ActionForward execute(ActionMapping actionMapping, ActionForm actionForm, HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)throws Exception{

LogonForm form = (LogonForm)actionForm;

ActionErrors errors = new ActionErrors();

String username = form.getUsername();

String password = form.getPassword();

If(username.equals(“bluesunny”) && password.equals(“bluesunny”)){

return actionMapping.findForward("sUCcess");

}else{

errors.add("login",new ActionError("Logon.failed"));

saveErrors(request,errors);

return actionMapping.findForward("failed");

}

}

}

取得ActionForm中的数据,进行处理,处理结果返回到Jsp页面。

2.4 web.XML

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>

<!DOCTYPE web-app

PUBLIC "-//Sun Microsystems, Inc.//DTD Web Application 2.3//EN"

"http://java.sun.com/j2ee/dtds/web-app_2_3.dtd">

<web-app>

<display-name>Struts Logon Application</display-name>

<!-- Standard Action Servlet Configuration (with debugging) -->

<servlet>

<servlet-name>action</servlet-name>

<servlet-class>org.apache.struts.action.ActionServlet</servlet-class>

<init-param>

<param-name>config</param-name>

<param-value>/WEB-INF/struts-config.xml</param-value>

</init-param>

<init-param>

<param-name>debug</param-name>

<param-value>2</param-value>

</init-param>

<init-param>

<param-name>detail</param-name>

<param-value>2</param-value>

</init-param>

<load-on-startup>2</load-on-startup>

</servlet>

<!-- Standard Action Servlet Mapping -->

<servlet-mapping>

<servlet-name>action</servlet-name>

<url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern>

</servlet-mapping>

<!-- The Welcome File List -->

<welcome-file-list>

<welcome-file>logon.jsp</welcome-file>

</welcome-file-list>

<!-- Struts Tag Library Descriptors -->

<taglib>

<taglib-uri>/tags/struts-bean</taglib-uri>

<taglib-location>/WEB-INF/struts-bean.tld</taglib-location>

</taglib>

<taglib>

<taglib-uri>/tags/struts-html</taglib-uri>

<taglib-location>/WEB-INF/struts-html.tld</taglib-location>

</taglib>

<taglib>

<taglib-uri>/tags/struts-logic</taglib-uri>

<taglib-location>/WEB-INF/struts-logic.tld</taglib-location>

</taglib>

<taglib>

<taglib-uri>/tags/struts-nested</taglib-uri>

<taglib-location>/WEB-INF/struts-nested.tld</taglib-location>

</taglib>

<taglib>

<taglib-uri>/tags/struts-tiles</taglib-uri>

<taglib-location>/WEB-INF/struts-tiles.tld</taglib-location>

</taglib>

</web-app>

2.5 struts-config.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1" ?>

<!DOCTYPE struts-config PUBLIC

"-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 1.1//EN"

"http://jakarta.apache.org/struts/dtds/struts-config_1_1.dtd">

<struts-config>

<form-beans>

<form-bean name="logonForm" type=" com.logon.app.LoginForm"/>

</form-beans>

<action-mappings>

<action

path="/Logon" type="com.logon.app.LogonAction" name="logonForm" scope="request" input="Logon.jsp">

<forward name="success" path="/success.jsp"/>

<forward name="failure" path="/Logon.jsp"/>

</action>

<message-resources parameter="resources.application"/>

</struts-config>

2.6 application.properties

Logon.failed = Logon failed!Please Logon in again!

2.7 deploy Logon Application

创建一个success.jsp,输入:"successflly!".

编译源文件,并且把该应用程序部署在TOMCAT里,假设部署在app目录下面。我们可以启动浏览器访问:http://localhost:8080/app/.

2.8 目录结构

/WEB-INF :

/ WEB-INF/lib : Struts.jar

/ WEB-INF/classes :

/ WEB-INF/classes/com/logon/app : *.class

/ WEB-INF/classes/resources : *.properties

3. 总结

本文具体讲解了安装方法,并且举了一个登陆例子作为Struts框架应用。另外,本文对Struts的目录结构也有说明,这大大减轻了初学者学习负担,应该可以作为Struts入门之用。

 
 
 
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