有一些Show和Debug命令是监测和诊断EIGRP协议的配置时常用的,熟悉这些俞令,将有利于对EIGRP进行配置和排障。本节对这些命令进行演示和讲解。
1.实验目的
通过本实验,读者可以把握以下技能
查看EIGRP的流量信息;
查看EIGRP拓扑信息,
监测EIGRP相关信息。
2.设备需求及拓扑结构
本实验是在实验1配置成功的基础上进行的,设备和拓扑结构与实验1完全相同。为了阅读上的方便,现将拓扑结构图复制到这里,见图6-2。
3.实验配置及监测结果
本实验主要演示show ip eigrp topoTogy、show ip eigrp traffic、debug ip eigrp和debug eigrppacket等命令的用法和输出结果。
监测清单6-2记录了实验的全过程,随后有对相应内容的讲解。
监测清单6-2 使用EIGRP常用的监测和诊断命令
R1#
R1#sh ip eigrp ?
interfaces IP-EIGRP mterfaces
neighborsIP-BIGRP neighbors
topologyIP-EIGRP Topology Table
trafficIP-EIGRP Traffic Statistics
R1#sh ip eigrp topology
IP-EIGRP Topology Table for AS(100)/ID(10.1.1.1)
Codes: P - Passive, A - Active, U - Update, Q - Query, R - Reply,
r - reply Status, s - sia Status
P 10..1.1.O/24, 1 sUCcessors, FD is 128256
via Connected, Loopback0
P 201.1.12.0/30, 1 successors, FD is 1792000
via Coimected, Serial0
P 201,1.13.0/30, 1 successors.FD is 1792000
via Connected, Serial 1
P 200.1.1.0/24, 2 successors, 3FTis 1817600
via 201,1.13,2 (181760028160), Serial1
via 201.1.12.2 (1817600/281101, Serial0
R1#sh ip eigrp traffic
IP-EIGRP Traffic Statistics for PRocess 100
Hellos sent/received:2469/2341
Updates :seBT/received:8/8
Queries seBt/received: 0/0
Replies seat/received: 0/0
Acks sent/received: 4/4
Input queue high water mark 2, 0 drops
SIA-Queries sent/received: 0/0
SIA-Replies sent/received: 0/0
R1#conft
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
R1(config)#logg console
R1(config)#^Z
01:44:12: %SYS-5-CONFIG_1: Configured from console by console
R1#debug ip eigrp
IP-EIGRP Route Events debugging is on
R1#
R1#conft
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
R1(config)#int si
R1(config-if)#shut
R1(config-if)#^Z
R1#
01:47:45:IP-EIGRP: 201.1.13.0/30 -do advertise out Serial0
01:47:45: IP"EIGRP: Int 201,1,13.0/30 metric 4294967295-04294967295
01:47:45: IP-EIGRP: Processiag incoming REPLY packet
01:47:45: IP-EIGRP: Int 201.1,13.0/30 M 2329600-1280000 1049600 SM 1817600 - 1280000537600
01:47:45: IP-EIGRP: 201.1.13.0/30 routing table not updated
01:47:45: IP-EIGRP: Int 201.1.13.0/30 metric 2329600- 1280000 1049600
R1#
01:47:47: %LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface Seriall, changed state to administratively down
R1#
R1#imdebug all
All possible debugging has been turned off
R1#debug eigrp packet
EIGRP Packets debugging is on
(UPSTATE, REQUEST, QUBRY, REPLY, HELLO, IPXSAP, PROBE, ACK, STUB, SIAQUERY,SIAREPLY)
R1#
01:48:17: EIGRP: Sending HELLO onLoopback0
01:48:17: AS 100, Flags 0x0, Seq 0/0 idbQ 0/0 iidbQun/rely 0/0
01:48:17: EIGRP: Received HELLO on LoopbackO nbr 10.1.1.1
01:48:17: AS 100, Flags 0x0, Seq O/OidbQ 0/0
01:48:17: EIGRP: Packet from ourselves ignored
R1#
01:48:19:Sending HELLO on Serial0
01:48:19: AS 100, Flags 0x0, Seq 0/0 idbQ 0/0 iidbQ un/rely 0/0
R1#
01:48:20: EIGRP: Received HELLO on nbr 201.1.12.2
01:48:20: AS 100, Flags 0x0, Seq 0/0 idbQ 0/0 iidbQ un/rely 0/0 peerQ un/rely 0/0
R1#undebug all
R1#
R1#sh ip route
D200.L 1.0/24[90/1817600} via 201.1.12.2, 01:02:29, Serial0
(1)show ip eigrp命令下有4个子命令,即interfaces、neighbors、topology和traffic,分别查看EIGRP协议的接口、邻居。拓扑和流量等信息。本实验中重点考察topology和traffic。两个子命令。
(2)show ip eigrp topology命令列出从EIGRP协议所获取的所有路由信息。
实验中给出了在R1路由器上使用此命令的结果,其中前3项(10.1.1.0/24、201.1.12.0/30和201.1.13.0/30)是直连接口上的网段。最后1项(200.1.1.0/24)有2个路由信息源,即R2和R3的IP地址。
show ip eigrp topology命令给出所有EIGRP路由信息,但并不是说所有这些信息都进入路由表而被路由器所使用,只有最佳的路由才被使用。最佳的路由就是度量值最小的路由。
(3)show ip eigrp traffic命令显示了EIGRP协议所产生和使用的各种信息包的发送和接收情况,其中主要有Hello、Update(更新)、Query(查询)。Reply(应答)、ACK(确认)几种包的类型。缺省情况下Hello包每5s钟发送1次,所以它的收发数最多;在一个稳定运行的网络中,其他各种包都较少。
(4)debu ip eigrp监测IP EIGRP路由事件信息。为了查看路由变化的情况,我们手工把R1路由器的S1接口关闭,查看输出的Debug信息。监测表明有关201.1.13.0/30网段的路由信息己经出现变化。
(5)debug eigrp packet命令主要监测EIGRP使用的各种信息包的收发情况,实验记录中主要是Hello包的信息。
(6)最后我们看到,关闭了S1接口后,R1路由器的路由表中只有通过201.1.12.2到达200.1.1.0/24网段这一条路由。