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RFC2321 - RITA -- The Reliable Internetwork Troubleshooting Agent

王朝other·作者佚名  2008-05-31
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Network Working Group A. Bressen

Request for Comments: 2321 Cohesive Network Systems

Category: Informational 1 April 1998

RITA -- The Reliable Internetwork Troubleshooting Agent

Status of this Memo

This memo provides information for the Internet community. It does

not specify an Internet standard of any kind. Distribution of this

memo is unlimited.

Copyright Notice

Copyright (C) The Internet Society (1998). All Rights Reserved.

Abstract

A Description of the usage of Nondeterministic Troubleshooting and

Diagnostic Methodologies as applied to today's complex

nondeterministic networks and environments.

1. IntrodUCtion

Increasingly, IETF efforts have been devoted to aiding network

management, troubleshooting, and diagnosis. Results have included

SNMP, cflowd, and RMON, and ongoing projects at the time of this

writing include Universal Logging Protocol and Distributed

Management. These tools work well within the horizon of

deterministic situations in which the configuration of the network or

relevant components is known or can be relatively easily determined.

They do not well address many problems that are related to the

complex internetworks we have today, such as:

o Networks where the root bridge for a world-wide bridged

network is suboptimally located, such as under the desk of a

secretary who kicks off her shoes when she arrives in the

morning.

o Networks where a hub is located adjacent to a monitor that

emits disruptive RF when displaying certain graphics.

o Networks where an ISP and several of their customers use

network 10.0.0.0 internally and do not hide RIP broadcasts from

one another.

o Networks where gateways are data-sensitive

o Networks where vendors inadvertently ship units with

duplicate MAC addresses to the same end-user or where all users

have a tool for changing MAC addresses.

In this document we introduce a new hardware-based tool for diagnosis

and repair of network related hardware and software problems. This

tool is best suited to addressing nondeterministic problems such as

those described above. This tool has broad areas of application at

all levels of the OSI model; in addition to uses in the physical,

network, transport and application layers, it has been used to

successfully address problems at the political and religious layers

as well. RITA, the Reliable Internet Troubleshooting Agent, was

developed initially at The Leftbank Operation (now known as Cohesive

Network Systems, New England Division) based on a hardware platform

supplied by Archie McPhee (Reference [1]). A typical RITA unit is

depicted in Figure 1.

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Figure 1.

2. Specification

A typical RITA is 51.25 cm long and yellow-orange in color. Either

natural or artificial substances may be used for construction. RITA

has very flexible characteristics, and thus can interoperate within

fairly broad parameters. Unlike most other tools described in

forthcoming RFC's, RITA does not require any IANA namespace

management. It is not anticipated that versions will be

incompatible, thus no versioning field is present. Interoperability

testing may be conducted at a future meeting of the IETF.

3. Diagnostic Usage:

RITA may be applied in two diagnostic fashions, however only one of

these methods, described below in 3.1, has been refined to a state

such that we feel comfortable publishing the methodology.

3.1 The first method provides a broad-spectrum evaluation of

quality of the entity tested, and is thus known as the BS eval test.

This method can be used with great success on both deterministic and

non-deterministic problems. Testing is performed by placing the RITA

unit on top of a suspect piece of hardware, or, in the case of

software, placing the unit on a packaged copy of the program, or hard

copy of the source code.

If the RITA does not get up and fly away, the hardware or software

being tested is misconfigured, fubar, or broken as designed. While

this method does identify all equipment and software as sub-optimal,

Sturgeon's Law (see reference [5]) indicates that at least 90% of

these results are accurate, and it is felt that a maximum 10% false

positive result is within acceptable parameters.

3.2 The second method involves applications of traditional techniques

of haruspication (see reference [3]) and to date has been practiced

with much greater success using implements other than RITA. The

absence of entrails in the RITA unit may contribute to this; future

design enhancements may address this issue by the addition of

artificial giblets.

An alternative approach that has been discarded involved cleromantic

principles (see reference [3]), and was known as "flipping the bird".

4. Corrective Usage:

Corrective usage of RITA is most successful in dealing with the most

difficult class of networking problems: those that seem to exhibit

sporadic, non-deterministic behavior.

RITA units enhance normal corrective measures of these problems,

methods such as rebooting, reseating of components and connectors,

changing tabs to spaces or vice-versa in configuration files, blaming

third-party vendors, and use of ballistic implements to effect

wholesale displacement of systems and software, to at least 100% of

their normal efficacy.

Specific Problem Methodologies:

o Physical Layer: Wave RITA unit towards malfunctioning

components.

o Network Layer: Wave RITA unit towards malfunctioning

components.

o Transport Layer: Wave RITA unit towards malfunctioning

components.

o Application Layer: Strike product vendor representative

(or programmer, if available) with RITA, preferably on the top

of the skull, while shouting, "Read The Fine RFC's comma darn

it!"

o Political Layer: Strike advocates of disruptive or

obstructive policies with RITA, preferably on the top of the

skull. In extreme cases insertion of RITA into bodily apertures

may become necessary. WARNING: subsequent failure to remove RITA

may cause further problems.

o Religious Layer: Strike advocates of disruptive or

obstructive religions, and their vendor representatives, with

RITA, preferably on the top of the skull. In extreme cases, the

RITA may be used as a phlactory, funerary urn, or endcap for

bus-and-tag cables.

5. Further Work

A RITA MIB is under development. This may require adding interface

technology and hardware to RITA; a prototype is depicted in Figure 2.

comb neck body feet

v v V V

,^/'/, ,______________________. ,

i' ' / / =========<-

/ <o> `---------/ \_____________m

.;__. ,__,--------. / ,

/ ,/ vv \ =========<-

'-' `-----------------------' `

^ ^ ^ ^

beak wattles legs ethernet

Figure 2.

There has been to date no investigation of the possible use of RITA

to implement RFC1149.

Additionally, this tool has been used with some success for dealing

with non-network problems, particularly in the debugging of SCSI bus

malfunctions.

6. Security Considerations

The RITA will only have serious impact on system security facilities

if it is filled with lead shot. It does however, increase the

personal security of system administrators; few network toughs are

willing to face down a sysadmin armed with a RITA and a confident

demeanor.

7. Citations and References

[1] Postel, J., and J. Reynolds, "Instructions to RFCAuthors", RFC

2223, October 1997.

[2] McPhee, A., http://www.mcphee.com

[3] http://www.clix.net/5thworld/no-osphere/3e/manteia.Html

[4] Waitzman, D., "Transmission of IP Datagrams on Avian Carriers"

RFC1149, April 1990.

[5] Raymond, E. (editor), "The New Hacker's Dictionary" 2nd ed., MIT

Press, September 1993. ISBN 0-262-18154-1

8. Acknowledgments

Initial Development of RITA, Editing, and Excellent leather jacket

provided by Bob Antia, first reading by John "cgull" Hood,

illustrations done using equipment provided by Elizabeth Goodman and

Gerry Goodnough.

9. Author's Address

Andrew K. Bressen

72 Endicott Street

Somerville, MA

Phone: 617-776-2373

EMail:

bressen@leftbank.com,

bressen@cohesive.com,

bressen@mirror.to

10. Full Copyright Statement

Copyright (C) The Internet Society (1998). All Rights Reserved.

This document and translations of it may be copied and furnished to

others, and derivative works that comment on or otherwise eXPlain it

or assist in its implementation may be prepared, copied, published

and distributed, in whole or in part, without restriction of any

kind, provided that the above copyright notice and this paragraph are

included on all such copies and derivative works. However, this

document itself may not be modified in any way, such as by removing

the copyright notice or references to the Internet Society or other

Internet organizations, except as needed for the purpose of

developing Internet standards in which case the procedures for

copyrights defined in the Internet Standards process must be

followed, or as required to translate it into languages other than

English.

The limited permissions granted above are perpetual and will not be

revoked by the Internet Society or its successors or assigns.

This document and the information contained herein is provided on an

"AS IS" basis and THE INTERNET SOCIETY AND THE INTERNET ENGINEERING

TASK FORCE DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING

BUT NOT LIMITED TO ANY WARRANTY THAT THE USE OF THE INFORMATION

HEREIN WILL NOT INFRINGE ANY RIGHTS OR ANY IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF

MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.

 
 
 
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