情况一，数据库崩溃，只剩下磁带上的通过rman 的全备份，有controlfile和spfile都在rman备份中。
通过重新安装一个同名的SID之后再进行恢复。
注重事项：
1 rman的保存格式前后要一样.
2 archive 的格式也要和原来一样。
Oracle 10g
情况一，数据库崩溃，只剩下磁带上的通过rman 的全备份，有controlfile和spfile都在rman备份中。
通过重新安装一个同名的SID之后再进行恢复。
注重事项：
1 rman的保存格式前后要一样.
2 archive 的格式也要和原来一样。
oracle 10g
[oracle@standby oracle]$ rman target /
启动归档
SQL>alter database archivelog;
System altered.
SQL> archive log list;
Database log mode No Archive Mode
Automatic archival Disabled
Archive destination USE_DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST
Oldest online log sequence 7
Current log sequence 9
SQL>
重启数据库，归档就会自动启动。
启动自动备份控制文件
RMAN> configure controlfile autobackup on;
new RMAN configuration parameters:
CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP ON;
new RMAN configuration parameters are sUCcessfully stored
RMAN> configure channel device type disk format 'F:\backup\%U';
new RMAN configuration parameters:
CONFIGURE CHANNEL DEVICE TYPE DISK FORMAT 'F:\backup\%U';
new RMAN configuration parameters are successfully stored
SQL> select name from v$datafile;
NAME
---------------------------------------------------
F:\ORACLE\PRODUCT.1.0\ORADATA\TEST\SYSTEM01.DBF
F:\ORACLE\PRODUCT.1.0\ORADATA\TEST\UNDOTBS01.DBF
F:\ORACLE\PRODUCT.1.0\ORADATA\TEST\SYSAUX01.DBF
F:\ORACLE\PRODUCT.1.0\ORADATA\TEST\USERS01.DBF
确定原控制文件的路径
SQL> select name from v$controlfile;
查看log位置
SQL>select name from V$ARCHIVED_LOG；
查看log的信息
SQL>select * from v$log_history;
插入数据
SQL> select * from ttt;
NAME EMAIL
---------- ----------
aa aa@abc.com
bb bb@abc.com
cc cc@abc.com
RMAN备份，
RMAN>backup database;
再插入数据
SQL> select * from ttt;
NAME EMAIL
---------- ----------
aa aa@abc.com
bb bb@abc.com
cc cc@abc.com
dd dd@abc.com
用DBCA删除 数据库和相关数据文件。
再重新建个相同实例名的SID，再开始恢复。
配置RMAN
RMAN> configure channel device type disk format 'F:\backup\%U'; //注重和原来的格式一样。
new RMAN configuration parameters:
CONFIGURE CHANNEL DEVICE TYPE DISK FORMAT 'F:\backup\%U';
new RMAN configuration parameters are successfully stored
先需要从自动备份中恢复控制文件
RMAN> startup nomount;
RMAN> restore controlfile to '/opt/oracle/oradata/control01.ctl' from autobackup;
重建本地认证文件
C:\>orapwd file=F:\oracle\product.1.0\Db_1\DATABASE\PWDtest.ORA passWord=123456 entries=2;
RMAN>shutdown immediate
RMAN> startup mount
database is already started
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-03002: failure of startup command at 08/03/2005 20:00:30
RMAN-06189: current DBID 1863531774 does not match target mounted database (1862908416)
RMAN>
重新设置DBID
RMAN> set DBID=1862908416
executing command: SET DBID
你可能需要修改spfile文件,假如文件位置改变。
SQL> shutdown immediate;
ORA-01507: database not mounted
ORACLE instance shut down.
SQL> create spfile from pfile;
File created.
SQL> startup mount;
ORACLE instance started.
RMAN> restore database;
转入SQLPLUS，sys登陆sqlplus
SQL> recover database using backup controlfile until cancel;
ORA-00279: change 356534 generated at 08/02/2005 19:14:40 needed for thread 1
ORA-00289: suggestion :
F:\ORACLE\PRODUCT.1.0\FLASH_RECOVERY_AREA\TEST\ARCHIVELOG05_08_03\O1_MF_1_
2_%U_.ARC
ORA-00280: change 356534 for thread 1 is in sequence #2
Specify log: {<RET>=suggested filename AUTO CANCEL}
cancel //因为log丢失，此步选cancel
Media recovery cancelled.
SQL> alter database open resetlogs;
Database altered.
SQL> select * from ttt;
NAME EMAIL
---------- ----------
aa aa@abc.com
bb bb@abc.com
cc cc@abc.com
SQL>
数据回来了，但是由于归档和redo log丢了，丢失一部分数据。
情况二 数据库崩溃，但是还剩下归档和redo log是好的。
启动归档
SQL>alter database archivelog;
System altered.
SQL> archive log list;
Database log mode No Archive Mode
Automatic archival Disabled
Archive destination USE_DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST
Oldest online log sequence 7
Current log sequence 9
SQL>
重启数据库，归档就会自动启动。
启动自动备份控制文件
RMAN> configure controlfile autobackup on;
new RMAN configuration parameters:
CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP ON;
new RMAN configuration parameters are successfully stored
配置RMAN的格式和存储位置。
RMAN> configure channel device type disk format 'F:\backup\%U';
new RMAN configuration parameters:
CONFIGURE CHANNEL DEVICE TYPE DISK FORMAT 'F:\backup\%U';
new RMAN configuration parameters are successfully stored
查看数据文件的位置
SQL> select name from v$datafile;
确定原控制文件的路径
SQL> select name from v$controlfile;
查看log位置
SQL>select name from V$ARCHIVED_LOG；
查看log的信息
SQL>select * from v$log_history;
插入数据
SQL> select * from sss;
AA BB CC
---------- ---------- ---
aa bb cc
aa jj mm
vv ss tt
完全备份数据库
RMAN>backup data
再插入数据
SQL> select * from sss;
AA BB CC
---------- ---------- ---
aa bb cc
aa jj mm
vv ss tt
mm mm mm
用DBCA删除数据库，删除相关的数据文件，保留redo log和归档日志。
再用DBCA重建一个SID一样的数据库。
RMAN>startup
配置RMAN
RMAN> configure channel device type disk format 'F:\backup\%U'; //注重和原来的格式一样。
new RMAN configuration parameters:
CONFIGURE CHANNEL DEVICE TYPE DISK FORMAT 'F:\backup\%U';
new RMAN configuration parameters are successfully stored
RMAN>startup nomount
RMAN>restore controlfile to '/opt/oracle/oradata/control01.ctl' from autobackup;
再copy几份和原来一样的路径文件名。
RMAN>shutdown immediate
RMAN> startup mount
connected to target database (not started)
Oracle instance started
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-03002: failure of startup command at 08/03/2005 19:55:46
ORA-01991: invalid password file 'F:\oracle\product.1.0\Db_1\DATABASE\PWDtest.ORA'
重建本地认证文件
C:\>orapwd file=F:\oracle\product.1.0\Db_1\DATABASE\PWDtest.ORA password=123456 entries=2;
RMAN>shutdown immediate
RMAN> startup mount
database is already started
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-03002: failure of startup command at 08/03/2005 20:00:30
RMAN-06189: current DBID 1863531774 does not match target mounted database (1862908416)
RMAN>
重新设置DBID
RMAN> set DBID=1862908416
executing command: SET DBID
RMAN> startup mount
database is already started
RMAN> restore database;
RMAN> recover database;
Starting recover at 03-8月 -05
using channel ORA_DISK_1
starting media recovery
archive log thread 1 sequence 1 is already on disk as file F:\ORACLE\PRODUCT.1.0\FLASH_RECOVERY_AREA\TEST\ARCHIVELOG2005_08_03\O1_MF_1_1_1H2D39KL_.ARC
archive log thread 1 sequence 2 is already on disk as file F:\ORACLE\PRODUCT.1.0\ORADATA\TEST\REDO02.LOG
archive log thread 1 sequence 3 is already on disk as file F:\ORACLE\PRODUCT.1.0\ORADATA\TEST\REDO03.LOG
archive log thread 1 sequence 4 is already on disk as file F:\ORACLE\PRODUCT.1.0\ORADATA\TEST\REDO01.LOG
archive log filename=F:\ORACLE\PRODUCT.1.0\FLASH_RECOVERY_AREA\TEST\ARCHIVELOG05_08_03\O1_MF_1_1_1H2D39KL_.ARC thr
ead=1 sequence=1
archive log filename=F:\ORACLE\PRODUCT.1.0\ORADATA\TEST\REDO02.LOG thread=1 sequence=2
archive log filename=F:\ORACLE\PRODUCT.1.0\ORADATA\TEST\REDO03.LOG thread=1 sequence=3
archive log filename=F:\ORACLE\PRODUCT.1.0\ORADATA\TEST\REDO01.LOG thread=1 sequence=4
media recovery complete
Finished recover at 03-8月 -05
RMAN>
由于控制文件是用备份还原的需要resetlogs打开。
SQL> alter database open resetlogs;
SQL> select * from sss;
AA BB CC
---------- ---------- ---
aa bb cc
aa jj mm
vv ss tt
mm mm mm //此行数据回来了,说明没有丢数据.
