软件环境:
1、Windows NT4.0+Oracle 8.0.4
2、ORACLE安装路径为:C:\ORANT
含义解释:
1、rownum是oracle系统顺序分配为从查询返回的行的编号,返回的第一行分配的是1,第二行是2,依此类推,这个伪字段可以用于限制查询返回的总行数。
2、rownum不能以任何基表的名称作为前缀。
使用方法:
现有一个商品销售表sale,表结构为:
month char(6) --月份
sellnumber(10,2)--月销售金额
create table sale (month char(6),sell number);
insert into sale values('200001',1000);
insert into sale values('200002',1100);
insert into sale values('200003',1200);
insert into sale values('200004',1300);
insert into sale values('200005',1400);
insert into sale values('200006',1500);
insert into sale values('200007',1600);
insert into sale values('200101',1100);
insert into sale values('200202',1200);
insert into sale values('200301',1300);
insert into sale values('200008',1000);
commit;
SQL select rownum,month,sell from sale where rownum=1;(可以用在限制返回记录条数的地方,保证不出错,如:隐式游标)
ROWNUM MONTH SELL
--------- ------ ---------
1 2000011000
SQL select rownum,month,sell from sale where rownum=2;(1以上都查不到记录)
没有查到记录
SQL select rownum,month,sell from sale where rownum5; (由于rownum是一个总是从1开始的伪列,Oracle 认为这种条件不成立,查不到记录)
没有查到记录
只返回前3条纪录
SQL select rownum,month,sell from sale where rownum<4;
ROWNUM MONTH SELL
--------- ------ ---------
1 2000011000
2 2000021100
3 2000031200
如何用rownum实现大于、小于逻辑?(返回rownum在4—10之间的数据)(minus操作,速度会受影响)SQL select rownum,month,sell from sale where rownum<10
2minus
3select rownum,month,sell from sale where rownum<5;
ROWNUM MONTH SELL
--------- ------ ---------
5 2000051400
6 2000061500
7 2000071600
8 2001011100
9 2002021200
想按日期排序,并且用rownum标出正确序号(有小到大)SQL select rownum,month,sell from sale order by month;
ROWNUM MONTH SELL
--------- ------ ---------
1 2000011000
2 2000021100
3 2000031200
4 2000041300
5 2000051400
6 2000061500
7 2000071600
11 2000081000
8 2001011100
9 2002021200
10 2003011300
查询到11记录.
可以发现,rownum并没有实现我们的意图,系统是按照记录入库时的顺序给记录排的号,rowid也是顺序分配的SQL select rowid,rownum,month,sell from sale order by rowid;
ROWID ROWNUM MONTH SELL
------------------ --------- ------ ---------
000000E4.0000.0002 1 2000011000
000000E4.0001.0002 2 2000021100
000000E4.0002.0002 3 2000031200
000000E4.0003.0002 4 2000041300
000000E4.0004.0002 5 2000051400
000000E4.0005.0002 6 2000061500
000000E4.0006.0002 7 2000071600
000000E4.0007.0002 8 2001011100
000000E4.0008.0002 9 2002021200
000000E4.0009.000210 2003011300
000000E4.000A.000211 2000081000
查询到11记录.
正确用法,使用子查询SQL select rownum,month,sell from (select month,sell from sale group by month,sell) where rownum<13;
ROWNUM MONTH SELL
--------- ------ ---------
1 2000011000
2 2000021100
3 2000031200
4 2000041300
5 2000051400
6 2000061500
7 2000071600
8 2000081000
9 2001011100
10 2002021200
11 2003011300
按销售金额排序,并且用rownum标出正确序号(有小到大)SQL select rownum,month,sell from (select sell,month from sale group by sell,month) where rownum<13;
ROWNUM MONTH SELL
--------- ------ ---------
1 2000011000
2 2000081000
3 2000021100
4 2001011100
5 2000031200
6 2002021200
7 2000041300
8 2003011300
9 2000051400
10 2000061500
11 2000071600
查询到11记录.
利用以上方法,如在打印报表时,想在查出的数据中自动加上行号,就可以利用rownum。
返回第5—9条纪录,按月份排序SQL select * from (select rownum row_id ,month,sell
2from (select month,sell from sale group by month,sell))
3where row_id between 5 and 9;
ROW_ID MONTHSELL
---------- ------ ----------
5 200005 1400
6 200006 1500
7 200007 1600
8 200008 1000
9 200101 1100