错误案例:数据库无法启动时报ORA-12708错误。
错误提示的解释如下:
ORA-12708 error while loading create database NLS parameter string
Cause: This is an internal error.
Action: Contact Oracle Support Services.
在跟踪启动过程时可以得到如下的信息:
select value$ from sys.props$ where name = :1
END OF STMT
PARSE #4:c=0,e=703,p=0,cr=0,cu=0,mis=1,r=0,dep=1,og=4,tim=4116419526
BINDS #4:
kkscoacd
Bind#0
oacdty=01 mxl=32(17) mxlc=00 mal=00 scl=00 pre=00
oacflg=18 fl2=0001 frm=01 csi=871 siz=32 off=0
kxsbbbfp=0af128c8 bln=32 avl=17 flg=05
value="NLS_RDBMS_VERSION"
EXEC #4:c=0,e=976,p=0,cr=0,cu=0,mis=1,r=0,dep=1,og=4,tim=4116420710
FETCH #4:c=0,e=112,p=0,cr=3,cu=0,mis=0,r=1,dep=1,og=4,tim=4116420867
ORA-12708: 鍔犺浇鍒涘缓鏁版嵁搴?NLS 鍙傛暟 NLS_RDBMS_VERSION 鏃跺嚭閿?
EXEC #1:c=593750,e=10770613,p=176,cr=1254,cu=149,mis=0,r=0,dep=0,og=1,tim=4120039529
ERROR #1:err=1092 tim=18857926
可以发现,上面的示例中有部分乱码,数据显示,启动读取NLS_RDBMS_VERSION时出现错误。
使用免费的AUL工具后,我们可以将PROPS$字典表挖掘出来,大家会发现下面的数据:
DICT.BASE|ZHS16GBK|dictionary base tables version #
DEFAULT_TEMP_TABLESPACE|ZHS16GBK|Name of default temporary tablespace
DEFAULT_PERMANENT_TABLESPACE|ZHS16GBK|Name of default permanent tablespace
DEFAULT_TBS_TYPE|ZHS16GBK|Default tablespace type
NLS_LANGUAGE|ZHS16GBK|Language
NLS_TERRITORY|ZHS16GBK|Territory
NLS_CURRENCY|ZHS16GBK|Local currency
NLS_ISO_CURRENCY|ZHS16GBK|ISO currency
NLS_NUMERIC_CHARACTERS|ZHS16GBK|Numeric characters
NLS_CHARACTERSET|ZHS16GBK|Character set
NLS_CALENDAR|ZHS16GBK|Calendar system
NLS_DATE_FORMAT|ZHS16GBK|Date format
NLS_DATE_LANGUAGE|ZHS16GBK|Date language
NLS_SORT|ZHS16GBK|Linguistic definition
NLS_TIME_FORMAT|ZHS16GBK|Time format
NLS_TIMESTAMP_FORMAT|ZHS16GBK|Time stamp format
NLS_TIME_TZ_FORMAT|ZHS16GBK|Time with timezone format
NLS_TIMESTAMP_TZ_FORMAT|ZHS16GBK|Timestamp with timezone format
NLS_DUAL_CURRENCY|ZHS16GBK|Dual currency symbol
NLS_COMP|ZHS16GBK|NLS comparison
NLS_LENGTH_SEMANTICS|ZHS16GBK|NLS length semantics
NLS_NCHAR_CONV_EXCP|ZHS16GBK|NLS conversion exception
NLS_NCHAR_CHARACTERSET|ZHS16GBK|NCHAR Character set
NLS_RDBMS_VERSION|ZHS16GBK|RDBMS version for NLS parameters
GLOBAL_DB_NAME|ZHS16GBK|Global database name
EXPORT_VIEWS_VERSION|ZHS16GBK|Export views revision #
DBTIMEZONE|ZHS16GBK|DB time zone
读者可以发现,props$.value$列都被更新为ZHS16GBK,显然这是在一次不适当的更新操作中遗漏了WHERE条件。由此可见,数据库管理员必须了解WHERE条件的重要性,并且在UPDATE时也一定不要遗漏掉。