JSP+XML的技术纲要

Sun Microsystems ( http://java.sun.com/jsp )

作者：Eduardo Pelegri-Llopart (pelegri@eng.sun.com)( Blueski.class编译 )

本文提纲：

* JSP, Servlets & J2EE

* JSP & XML

* 现状

(附：原文）

1 JSP, Servlets & J2EE

1.1 J2EE平台

* 具有明确的规范

* 经过了各种兼容性测试

* 具有很多的实施参考 (RI)

* 丰富的功能体现在以下方面：

– JSP/Servlets

– JDBC

– EJB

– JMS

– Connector to EIS (J2EE 1.3)

* 具有非常实用的价值

1.2 J2EE所在的Web层

（请参考下图：）

1.3 JSP/Servlets扮演的角色

（译者注：我把JSP和Servelet混在一起了，你可参考本文所附的原文）

* application的入口

* 和外界交互

* 一般都采用HTTP协议

* 客户端可能是以下几种类型:

- Browser

- Applet

- Desktop application (Java Web Start)

- 无线设备

- Server application (B2B)

1.4 JSP/Servlets的用途

* 可以用于

– JSP & Servlet Container

– J2EE Container

* Common mindshare

* Best-of-breed implementation

* 已经获得广泛的支持

* 动态内容生成

* 具有简单化的构架

* 由container管理

* 经常使用JavaBeans和Tag Lib

1.5 一个例子

<?xml version="1.0">

<%@ page contentType=”text/xml” %>

<%@ taglib prefix="x" uri="..." %>

<wml>

<p>

Flowers available:

<br/>

<x:enumerate inventory="flowers"

id="aFlower">

<%= aFlower.type %>

<br/>

</x:iterate>

<br/>

</p>

</card>

</wml>

1.6 Tag Lib

* 抽象提炼

* XML语法

* Run-Time协议

– 集成到JSP页面中去

– 容易组合和定制

– 由JSP container管理

– 简单的协议，用于简单的需求

1.7 各种协同工作的角色

* 站点页面作者

– 从数据开发者提供的数据中建立表达presentation

– 用户界面方面的专家

– 使用Tag Lib和JavaBeans

– 使用页面工具

* 开发者

– 为页面作者提供数据存取

– 服务器端组织的专家

– 定义Tag Lib和JavaBeans

– IDE

2 JSP & XML

2.1 XML在JSP技术中的应用

JSP页面可以：

– 使用XML

– 生成XML

– 改变XML

* 将JSP页面作为XML文档

* XML配置

2.2 使用XML

* 将XML解析到对象(由开发者完成)

– 硬编码

– 使用Adelard技术

* 解析和复述抽象

* 转变以后插入– XSLT

2.3 解析成为对象

<%@ taglib uri="..." prefix="tl" %>

<html>

<tl:parse id="saleBooks" type="BookInventory"

xml="Book_Inventory_URL"/>

<head>...

<body>

<tl:iterate

id ="bk" type="Book"

collection="<%= saleBooks.getBooks()%>" >

<tr>

</tr>

</tl:iterate>

</table>

</body>

</html>

2.4 解析和复述

<%@ taglib uri="..." prefix="tl" %>

<html>

<head>...

<body>

<tl:iterateOnXMLStream

id="bk" type="Book"

xml="Book_Inventory_URL">

<tr>

</tr>

</tl:iterateOnXMLStream>

</table>

</body>

</html>

2.5 组合Data

（请参考下图：）

2.6 转化后插入

<%@taglib uri="http://jakarta.apache.org/taglibs/xsl/1.0"

prefix="x" %>

<html>

<head>...

<body>

<center> Welcome

<x:apply xml="Customer_URL" xsl="store.xsl"/>!

<p>

On Sale Today ...

<p>

<x:apply xml="Inventory_URL" xsl="store.xsl"/>

</center>

</body>

</html>

2.7 制作XML

* 客户端可以是

– Gateway网关

– 设备(WAP, XHTML)

* XML

* XML + StyleSheet样式表

2.8 VoiceXML 和 WAP Gateway网关

（请参考下图：）

2.9 生成 XML

（请参考下图：）

2.10 XSLT on XML

（请参考下图：）

2.11 JSP和XSLT

* JSP强化了：

– Template & Java

– Multiple Sources

– Open-ended Portable Abstraction

* XSLT强化了：

– 循环的tree transformation

– 有良好定义的输入输出

* XPath

2.12 生成内容用于

Multiple Devices

* One back end source

* 许多客户

* 将总的维护费用最小化

* 达到预期的性能

2.13 多客户的XSLT样式

（请参考下图：）

2.14 多客户的短管道 Short Pipelines

（请参考下图：）

2.15 多客户的组合途径

（请参考下图：）

2.16 在JSP技术中使用XML

* JSPs Pages

将JSP页面作为 XML文档

* Manipulation

– Apply XSLT to generate JSP

* Authoring

– JSP pages from XML objects

* Validation

– TagLibraryValidator

* Standarized in JSP 1.2

* XML配置

* Tag Library Descriptor

* Servlet configuration

– Resources

– Mappings

– Filters (JSP 1.2)

– 其它

3 现状

3.1 业界支持

容器方面：

Apache,Allaire,ATG Dynamo,BEA Weblogic,Bluestone,Caucho,Gemstone,IBM’s WebSphere

Inprise AppServer,Iplanet iWS, iAS, Oracle,Persistence, Unify

一些用户：

PeopleSoft，I2，CP ...

一些站点：

Delta.com, Food.com, CarOrder.com ...

工具

MacroMedia UltraDev，Adobe GoLive，Unify eWeb Studio，WebGain’s Studio

Forte for Java，Oracle Jdeveloper，Inprise Jbuilder，ATG Dynamo， ...

3.2 新的JSP & Servlets技术

* JSR-053

* Servlet 2.3

– Filters

– Application Events

* JSP 1.2

– JSP页面的XML方式查询

– 许多改进和增强

* Apache组织的推行

– jakarta.apache.org/tomcat

3.3 JSP Tag Library

* JSR-052

* 标准的JSP tag library

– 丰富的功能

– XSLT

– XPATH

– 其它的XML的进程

– Apache组织的推进（ jakarta.apache.org/taglibs）

3.4 框架的支持

* J2EE体系

* JSP/Servlet体系

– Struts

– Apache组织的推进（jakarta.apache.org/struts）

3.5 JSP工具支持

* 大多数情况下是为页面作者提供的

– 有一些是为TagLib工作者提供

* 已经存在于一些工具中

– 例如，UltraDev支持Struts

* 近6个月的预测

– 标准的taglib将出现，还有各种其他的taglib

3.6 XML解析和转化

* JAXP 1.1

– 下一代 J2SE(JDK)的组成部分

– DOM level 2

– XSLT

– 和TRaX (XSLT激活)进行组合

– Apache组织的推进

* XSLTC

– XSLT编译器

– 更快，更小的脚本

3.7 数据绑定

Beans Long Term Persistance

* Adelard

– 下一代J2SE的组成部分

– 数据绑定

* JavaBeans Long Term Persistance

– 下一代 J2SE的组成部分

– 图形化Swing机制

3.8 XML Messaging

* XML messaging

– JMS

– ebXML

– JAXM

– Message Beans (J2EE 1.3)

(剧终)

*******************************

为防误译，特附原来文档，这是sun站点的官方pdf文档，有685K，我特地从中裁剪出来的。:)

JSP Technology and XML技术纲要

Eduardo Pelegri-Llopart

Sun Microsystems

pelegri@eng.sun.com

http://java.sun.com/jsp

提纲

* JSP, Servlets & J2EE

* JSP and XML

* Status

1 JSP, Servlets & J2EE

1。1 J2EE Platform

* Specification

* Compatibility Tests

* Reference Implementation (RI)

* Rich Functionality

– JSP and Servlets

– JDBC

– EJB

– JMS

– Connector to EIS (J2EE 1.3)

1。2 J2EE Benefits

* Common Mindshare

– Documentation

– Training

– Tool Support

* Portability

* Best-of-Breed Implementations

1。3 Web Layer of J2EE

（插图1)

1.4 Role of JSP and Servlets

* Entry point to application

* Interacts with the exterior

* Usually through HTTP

* Client may be:

* Browser

* Applet

* Desktop application (Java Web Start)

* Wireless Device

* Server application (B2B)

1.5 JSP and Servlets

* Can be used in

– JSP & Servlet Container

– J2EE Container

* Common mindshare

* Best-of-breed implementation

* Wide support

1.6 What Is a Servlet?

* Extension mechanism

* Dynamic content generation

* Mapped to URLs

* Simple architecture

* Managed by container

1.7 JSP Page

* A textual document

* Describes a request – response map

* Servlet Semantics

1.8 一个例子

<?xml version="1.0">

<%@ page contentType=”text/xml” %>

<%@ taglib prefix="x" uri="..." %>

<wml>

<p>

Flowers available:

<br/>

<x:enumerate inventory="flowers"

id="aFlower">

<%= aFlower.type %>

<br/>

</x:iterate>

<br/>

</p>

</card>

</wml>

1.9 JSP Page

* A textual document

* Builds on

– Template data

– Dynamic content

* Tool friendly

* Abstraction using

– JavaBeans

– Tag Libraries

1.10 Tag Libraries

* Abstraction Mechanism

* XML syntax

* Run-Time Protocol

– Integration into a JSP page

– Easy to compose and customize

– Managed by JSP container

– Simple protocol for simple needs

1.11 Roles Involved

* Page and Site Author

– Creates presentation from developer data

– Expert in UI

– Uses Tag Libraries & JavaBeans

– Page Authoring tools

* Developer

– Provides access to data for page author

– Expert in server-side organization

– Defines Tag Libraries & JavaBeans

– IDEs

2 JSP & XML

2.1 Uses of XML in JSP Technology

JSPs Pages

– Consuming XML

– Generating XML

– Transforming XML

* JSP Pages as XML documents

* XML configuration

2.2 Consuming XML

* Parse XML into objects (by developer)

– Hand-coded

– Using Adelard Technology

* Parse and Iterate abstraction

* Insert after transformation

– XSLT

2.3 Parse Into Object

<%@ taglib uri="..." prefix="tl" %>

<html>

<tl:parse id="saleBooks" type="BookInventory"

xml="Book_Inventory_URL"/>

<head>...

<body>

<tl:iterate

id ="bk" type="Book"

collection="<%= saleBooks.getBooks()%>" >

<tr>

</tr>

</tl:iterate>

</table>

</body>

</html>

2.4 Parse and Iterate

<%@ taglib uri="..." prefix="tl" %>

<html>

<head>...

<body>

<tl:iterateOnXMLStream

id="bk" type="Book"

xml="Book_Inventory_URL">

<tr>

</tr>

</tl:iterateOnXMLStream>

</table>

</body>

</html>

2.5 Combining Data

(插图2)

2.6 Insert After Transformation

<%@taglib uri="http://jakarta.apache.org/taglibs/xsl/1.0"

prefix="x" %>

<html>

<head>...

<body>

<center> Welcome

<x:apply xml="Customer_URL" xsl="store.xsl"/>!

<p>

On Sale Today ...

<p>

<x:apply xml="Inventory_URL" xsl="store.xsl"/>

</center>

</body>

</html>

2.7 Producing XML

* Client may be

– Gateway

– Device (WAP, XHTML)

* XML

* XML + StyleSheet

2.8 VoiceXML and WAP Gateways

(插图3)

2.9 Generating XML

J1 @ java.sun.com

(插图4)

2.10 XSLT on XML

(插图5)

2.11 JSP and XSLT

* JSP strengths

– Template & Java

– Multiple Sources

– Open-ended Portable Abstraction

* XSLT strengths

– Recursive tree transformation

– Well defined input/output

* XPath

2.12 Generating Content for

Multiple Devices

* One back end source

* Many clients

* Minimize Total Maintenance Cost

* Desired Generation Performance

2.13 Multiple Clients

XSLT Stylesheet

(插图6)

2。14 Multiple Clients

Short Pipelines

(插图7)

2.15 Multiple Clients

Combined Approach

(插图8)

2.16 Uses of XML in JSP Technology

* JSPs Pages

JSP Pages as XML documents

* XML configuration

2.17 JSP Pages as XML Documents

* Manipulation

– Apply XSLT to generate JSP

* Authoring

– JSP pages from XML objects

* Validation

– TagLibraryValidator

* Standarized in JSP 1.2

2.18 XML Configuration

* Tag Library Descriptor

* Servlet configuration

– Resources

– Mappings

– Filters (JSP 1.2)

– others

3 现状

3。1 Industry Support

Containers

Apache

Allaire

ATG Dynamo

BEA Weblogic

Bluestone

Caucho

Gemstone

IBM’ s WebSphere

Inprise AppServer

Iplanet iWS, iAS

Oracle

Persistence

Unify

Some Users

* PeopleSoft

* I2

* CP

* ...

Some Sites

* Delta.com

* Food.com

* CarOrder.com

* ...

Tools

* MacroMedia

UltraDev

* Adobe GoLive

* Unify eWeb Studio

* WebGain’ s Studio

* Forte for Java

* Oracle Jdeveloper

* Inprise Jbuilder

* ATG Dynamo

* ...

3。2 New JSP & Servlets

* JSR-053

* Servlet 2.3

– Filters

– Application Events

* JSP 1.2

– XML view of JSP page

– Many improvements & refinements

* Implementation @ ASF

– jakarta.apache.org/tomcat

3。3 JSP Tag Library

* JSR-052

* Standard JSP tag library

– Rich functionality

– XSLT

– XPATH

– Other XML processing

* Implementation @ ASF

– jakarta.apache.org/taglibs

3。4 Framework efforts

* J2EE Framework

– Blueprints

* JSP / Servlet Framework

– Struts

– Implementation @ ASF

– jakarta.apache.org/struts

3。5 JSP Tool Support

* Mostly for Page Authoring

– Some for TagLib Authoring

* Already in several tools

– e.g. UltraDev support in Struts

* Focus next 6 months

– Standard taglib

– Any taglib

3。6 XML Parsing & Transformation

* JAXP 1.1

– Part of next J2SE (JDK)

– DOM level 2

– XSLT

– Combined with TRaX (XSLT activation)

– Implementation @ ASF

* XSLTC

– XSLT compiler

– Fast, Small footprint

3。7 Data Binding

Beans Long Term Persistance

* Adelard

– Part of next J2SE

– Data Binding

* JavaBeans Long Term Persistance

– Part of next J2SE

– Generic Swing Machinery

3。8 XML Messaging

* XML messaging

– JMS

– ebXML

– JAXM

– Message Beans (J2EE 1.3)

**************************************************

Review

* JSP, Servlets & J2EE

* JSP

– Consuming XML

– Transforming XML

– Producing XML

– Relationship with XSLT

* Status of several JSP/XML efforts

(剧终)