我们再来说一说JSP和JavaScript的搭配使用和相互访问。
也许你用过Delphi的WebBroker开发过Web Application当你每做的一件事(提交)就是一个WebAction,说白了,就是一个函数。而这个函数在ASP、JSP条件下就成了一个页面。不过你也应该把他们理解成函数,一个返回字符串的函数。而这个字符串,就是你在浏览器利用查看源文件菜单命令所看到的结果。这样,JavaScript调用Java变量的问题就迎刃而解了。我们的JSP返回的字符串有JavaScript代码,而这些代码是由浏览器解释执行的。由于JavaScript代码的生成都可以由JSP动态生成,所以,JavaScript中可以包含JSP代码的运行结果。这样就实现了JavaScript对JSP变量的调用。
下面我们再来看一看,JavaScript对JSP方法和JSP对JavaScript的调用。这两个调用都有一个共同点,那就是需要对页面进行提交,在用Hidden设置几个隐藏参数。JSP根据获得的参数再进行相应的处理,就可以了。也许有的人已经不太明白了,那我们还是用一个程序来说明问题吧!
程序二:一个服务器获得客户端信息的Web页面。他获得了客户端的一些屏幕设置,并把它们记录在数据库里。
GetClientInfo.jsp
<%@ page contentType="text/html; charset=utf-8" language="java" %>
<%@ import="java.sql.*" %>
<HTML>
<HEAD>
<TITLE>Information</TITLE>
<META HTTP-EQUIV="Content-Type" CONTENT="text/html; charset=utf-8">
<STYLE TYPE="text/css">
TABLE, BODY {
font-family: "Courier New";
font-size: 10pt;
}
</STYLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY>
<%
if(request.getParameter("isHaveData") == null){ %>
<FORM NAME="frmClient" METHOD="POST">
<INPUT TYPE="HIDDEN" NAME="isHaveData" VALUE="">
<INPUT TYPE="HIDDEN" NAME="iScreenWidth">
<INPUT TYPE="HIDDEN" NAME="iColorDepth">
<INPUT TYPE="HIDDEN" NAME="iScreenHeight">
<INPUT TYPE="HIDDEN" NAME="sBrowseName">
<INPUT TYPE="HIDDEN" NAME="sBrowseVer">
<INPUT TYPE="HIDDEN" NAME="iClientHeight">
<INPUT TYPE="HIDDEN" NAME="iClientWidth">
<SCRIPT language="JavaScript1.4" TYPE="TEXT/JAVASCRIPT">
frmClient.iScreenWidth.value = screen.width;
frmClient.iScreenHeight.value = screen.height;
frmClient.iColorDepth.value = screen.colorDepth;
frmClient.sBrowseName.value = navigator.appName;
frmClient.sBrowseVer.value = navigator.appVersion;
frmClient.iClientHeight.value = screen.availHeight;
frmClient.iClientWidth.value = screen.availWidth;
frmClient.submit();
</SCRIPT>
</FORM>
<% } else { %>
<OBJECT id=objMSAgent
classid=CLSID:D45FD31B-5C6E-11D1-9EC1-00C04FD7081F
width="32" height="32">
</OBJECT>
<SCRIPT language="JavaScript1.4" TYPE="TEXT/JAVASCRIPT">
var MerlinID;
var MerlinACS;
objMSAgent.Connected = true;
MerlinLoaded = LoadLocalAgent(MerlinID, MerlinACS);
Merlin = objMSAgent.Characters.Character(MerlinID);
Merlin.Show();
Merlin.Play("Surprised");
Merlin.Speak("<%= "Hello?" %>");
Merlin.Play("GestureLeft");
Merlin.Think("<%= "This is a jsp variant" %>");
Merlin.Play("Pleased");
Merlin.Think("<%= "JavaScript uses jsp variants" %>");
Merlin.Play("GestureDown");
Merlin.Speak("<%= "Bye! so Easy!" %>");
Merlin.Hide();
function LoadLocalAgent(CharID, CharACS) {
LoadReq = objMSAgent.Characters.Load(CharID, CharACS);
return(true);
}
</SCRIPT>
<TABLE>
<TR><TD COLSPAN="2">
<FONT COLOR="#FF0000">your infomation:</FONT>
</TD></TR>
<TR><TD>Screen Width:</TD>
<TD><%= request.getParameter("iScreenWidth") %></TD></TR>
<TR><TD>Screen Height:</TD>
<TD><%= request.getParameter("iScreenHeight") %></TD></TR>
<TR><TD>Color Depth:</TD>
<TD><%= request.getParameter("iColorDepth") %></TD></TR>
<TR><TD>Browse Name:</TD>
<TD><%= request.getParameter("sBrowseName") %></TD></TR>
<TR><TD>Browse Version:</TD>
<TD><%= request.getParameter("sBrowseVer") %></TD></TR>
<TR><TD>Client area Width:</TD>
<TD><%= request.getParameter("iClientWidth") %></TD></TR>
<TR><TD>Client area Height:</TD>
<TD><%= request.getParameter("iClientHeight") %></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<% String strDSN =
"jdbc:odbc:driver={Microsoft Access Driver (*.mdb)};DBQ="
+ application.getRealPath("\\WEB-INF\\msg.mdb");
Connection cnct = null;
Statement stmt = null;
Class.forName("sun.jdbc.odbc.JdbcOdbcDriver");
cnct = DriverManager.getConnection(strDSN,"","");
stmt = cnct.createStatement(
ResultSet.TYPE_SCROLL_INSENSITIVE,
ResultSet.CONCUR_UPDATABLE);
java.text.DateFormat dfNow =
java.text.DateFormat.getDateTimeInstance(
java.text.DateFormat.MEDIUM,
java.text.DateFormat.MEDIUM);
String strDate = dfNow.format(new java.util.Date());
String sInsertSQL = "INSERT INTO ClientMsg VALUES(" +
"\'" + request.getRemoteAddr() + "\'," +
"\'" + strDate +"\'," +
"\'" + request.getParameter("iScreenWidth") + "\'," +
"\'" + request.getParameter("iScreenHeight") + "\'," +
"\'" + request.getParameter("iColorDepth") + "\'," +
"\'" + request.getParameter("sBrowseName") + "\'," +
"\'" + request.getParameter("sBrowseVer") + "\'," +
"\'" + request.getParameter("iClientWidth") + "\'," +
"\'" + request.getParameter("iClientHeight") + "\');";
stmt.executeUpdate(sInsertSQL); %>
<P><FONT COLOR="#FF0000">
The information of other visitors:</FONT></P>
<% ResultSet RS = stmt.executeQuery("SELECT * FROM ClientMsg");
while(RS.next()){ %>
<TABLE>
<TR><TD COLSPAN="2"><HR SIZE="1"></TD></TR>
<TR><TD COLSPAN="2"><STRONG>
<FONT COLOR="#0000FF"><%=RS.getString("IP")%> at
<%=RS.getString("Time")%> visited this Page
</FONT></STRONG></TD></TR>
<TR><TD>Screen Width:</TD>
<TD><%= RS.getString("ScreenWidth") %></TD></TR>
<TR><TD>Screen Height:</TD>
<TD><%= RS.getString("ScreenHeight") %></TD></TR>
<TR><TD>Color Depth:</TD>
<TD><%= RS.getString("ColorDepth") %></TD></TR>
<TR><TD>Browse Name:</TD>
<TD><%= RS.getString("BrowseName") %></TD></TR>
<TR><TD>Browse Version:</TD>
<TD><%= RS.getString("BrowseVer") %></TD></TR>
<TR><TD>Client area Width:</TD>
<TD><%= RS.getString("ClientWidth") %></TD></TR>
<TR><TD>Client area Height:</TD>
<TD><%= RS.getString("ClientHeight") %></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<% }
RS.close();
RS = null;
stmt.close();
cnct.close();
stmt = null;
cnct = null;
}
%>
<BR>
</BODY>
</HTML>
这个Web运行时,首先用JavaScript获得客户端的信息,然后自动提交页面,提交后JSP会记录相应信息,并保存在数据库里,然后再把所有的访问者的情况从数据库里读出来显示。在这个程序里还调用了MSAgent他所显示的文字全都是JSP的变量,当然你也可以设置成别的。
本程序还用到了数据库,是Accsess,一个放于 %YOURAPP%/WEB-INF/msg.mdb的文件。里面有一个表ClientMsg。有几个字段:
好的例子一个足已!
也许你会说,不就是提交么?
对,下一次我们讲的就是 提交的艺术。
(运行环境 IE6、TOMCAT4.1.x JDK1.4.x)