第五篇:Struts小试牛刀篇
严重警告:如果你跳过了上篇,在本篇遇到了的任何难题,本人概不负责
开场白: 首先我希望你明白Struts是怎么工作的。在jsp页面上,当我们发生了提交动作(你就理解为当按钮按下的时候),页面上是数据(比如:文本框、复选框、单选框、下拉筐等中的内容)会自动写入到form中,当页面需要数据的时候也从form中取得。而action可以从form中取得相关的数据,并可以对这些数据进行处理,并把处理的结果也放到form中。
以前我们这样定义一个文本框:
<input type="text" name="str1">
现在利用了Struts的标签库,我们这样定义一个文本框
<html:text property="str1" />
这样定义的文本框,当页面上的submit按钮被按下的时候,这个文本框中的内容会自动的被放到from中,并且是放到form的一个str1属性中,为此,form会定义这个属性的get方法和set方法
用例子来说明问题:
工程的名字就叫:user
(多么的希望你知道把你的user放在什么地方,user里面有些什么东西)
这个例子的外观效果是这样的,首先第一个页面有两个文本框:分别输入你的姓(FirstName)和你的名(LastName),还有一个“提交”按纽,当按纽按下的时候,会调用另外的页面把名字姓和名整和起来显示出来。如果姓或者名有一个没有输入数据就“提交”的话,则转向另外的警告页面。不知道我说清楚了“需求”没有,下面让我们来看看效果吧。
你需要什么:请把下面的1和2的所有东西都放在WEB-INF下,让他们并肩站者、平起平坐,而且以后的程序中,我再不说了,请你自觉的把它们放在你的应用下的WEB-INF下
1:struts的标签库文件,这些东西如果你又找不到的话,请你还是给我email吧
struts-bean.tld、 struts-config.xml.bak、struts-html.tld、struts-logic.tld、struts-nested.tld、struts-template.tld、struts-tiles.tld
2:两个xml配置文件
web.xml的内容如下,如果以后我不特别的说明,web.xml的内容就一下面的为准
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="gb2312"?>
<!DOCTYPE web-app
PUBLIC "-//Sun Microsystems, Inc.//DTD Web Application 2.3//EN"
"http://java.sun.com/dtd/web-app_2_3.dtd">
<web-app>
<!-- Action Servlet Configuration -->
<servlet>
<servlet-name>action</servlet-name>
<!-- Specify servlet class to use:
- Struts1.0.x: ActionComponentServlet
- Struts1.1: ActionServlet
- no Struts: TilesServlet
-->
<!-- <servlet-class>org.apache.struts.tiles.ActionComponentServlet</servlet-class> -->
<servlet-class>org.apache.struts.action.ActionServlet</servlet-class>
<!-- <servlet-class>org.apache.struts.tiles.TilesServlet</servlet-class> -->
<!-- Tiles Servlet parameter
Specify configuration file names. There can be several comma
separated file names
-->
<init-param>
<param-name>definitions-config</param-name>
<param-value>/WEB-INF/tiles-defs.xml,
/WEB-INF/tiles-s-defs.xml
</param-value>
</init-param>
<!-- Tiles Servlet parameter
Specify Tiles debug level.
O : no debug information
1 : debug information
2 : more debug information
-->
<init-param>
<param-name>definitions-debug</param-name>
<param-value>1</param-value>
</init-param>
<!-- Tiles Servlet parameter
Specify Digester debug level. This value is passed to Digester
O : no debug information
1 : debug information
2 : more debug information
-->
<init-param>
<param-name>definitions-parser-details</param-name>
<param-value>0</param-value>
</init-param>
<!-- Tiles Servlet parameter
Specify if xml parser should validate the Tiles configuration file.
true : validate. DTD should be specified in file header.
false : no validation
-->
<init-param>
<param-name>definitions-parser-validate</param-name>
<param-value>true</param-value>
</init-param>
<!-- Struts configuration, if Struts is used -->
<init-param>
<param-name>config</param-name>
<param-value>/WEB-INF/struts-config.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
<init-param>
<param-name>validate</param-name>
<param-value>true</param-value>
</init-param>
<init-param>
<param-name>debug</param-name>
<param-value>2</param-value>
</init-param>
<init-param>
<param-name>detail</param-name>
<param-value>2</param-value>
</init-param>
<load-on-startup>2</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<!-- Action Servlet Mapping -->
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>action</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<session-config>
<session-timeout>60</session-timeout>
</session-config>
<!-- The Welcome File List -->
<welcome-file-list>
<welcome-file>login.jsp</welcome-file>
</welcome-file-list>
<!-- Struts Tag Library Descriptor -->
<taglib>
<taglib-uri>/WEB-INF/struts-tiles.tld</taglib-uri>
<taglib-location>/WEB-INF/struts-tiles.tld</taglib-location>
</taglib>
<taglib>
<taglib-uri>/WEB-INF/struts-html.tld</taglib-uri>
<taglib-location>/WEB-INF/struts-html.tld</taglib-location>
</taglib>
<taglib>
<taglib-uri>/WEB-INF/struts-bean.tld</taglib-uri>
<taglib-location>/WEB-INF/struts-bean.tld</taglib-location>
</taglib>
<taglib>
<taglib-uri>/WEB-INF/struts-logic.tld</taglib-uri>
<taglib-location>/WEB-INF/struts-logic.tld</taglib-location>
</taglib>
<!--database resource configuration-->
<resource-ref>
<description>zchFive database connection pool </description>
<res-ref-name>jdbc/zchFiveDB</res-ref-name>
<res-type>javax.sql.DataSource</res-type>
<res-auth>Container</res-auth>
</resource-ref>
</web-app>
struts-config.xml的内容如下,这个配置的内容会根据你的应用不同而不同,但格式会相同
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1" ?>
<!DOCTYPE struts-config PUBLIC
"-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 1.1//EN"
"http://jakarta.apache.org/struts/dtds/struts-config_1_1.dtd">
<!--
This is the Struts configuration file for the example application,
using the proposed new syntax.
NOTE: You would only flesh out the details in the "form-bean"
declarations if you had a generator tool that used them to create
the corresponding Java classes for you. Otherwise, you would
need only the "form-bean" element itself, with the corresponding
"name" and "type" attributes.
-->
<struts-config>
<!-- ========== Form Bean Definitions =================================== -->
<form-beans>
<form-bean name="userForm" type="UserForm">
</form-bean>
</form-beans>
<!-- ========== Global Forward Definitions ============================== -->
<global-forwards>
</global-forwards>
<!-- ========== Action Mapping Definitions ============================== -->
<action-mappings>
<action path="/execute"
type="UserAction"
name="userForm"
scope="request"
validate="false">
<forward name="err" path="/error.jsp"/>
<forward name="ok" path="/success.jsp"/>
</action>
</action-mappings>
</struts-config>
(.........)