6、 spring标签
为了使用spring标签,需要在web.xml中加入
<taglib>
<taglib-uri>/spring</taglib-uri>
<taglib-location>/WEB-INF/spring.tld</taglib-location>
</taglib>
这样就可以在JSP中使用spring标签了:
<%@ include file="/WEB-INF/jsp/include.jsp" %>
<%@ taglib prefix="spring" uri="/spring" %>
<html>
<head><title><fmt:message key="title"/></title></head>
<body>
<h1><fmt:message key="priceincrease.heading"/></h1>
<form method="post">
<table width="95%" bgcolor="f8f8ff" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="5">
<tr>
<td alignment="right" width="20%">Increase (%):</td>
<spring:bind path="priceIncrease.percentage">
<td width="20%">
<input type="text" name="percentage" value="<c:out value="${status.value}"/>">
</td>
<td width="60%">
<font color="red"><c:out value="${status.errorMessage}"/></font>
</td>
</spring:bind>
</tr>
</table>
<br>
<spring:hasBindErrors name="priceIncrease">
<b>Please fix all errors!</b>
</spring:hasBindErrors>
<br><br>
<input type="submit" alignment="center" value="Execute">
</form>
<a href="<c:url value="hello.htm"/>">Home</a>
</body>
</html>
7、 SimpleFormController的运作机制
前面说的Controller,比如SpringappController,它们只行使了页面流程控制和model的产生,都与页面的Form无关,也就是说不接受来自页面的提交数据。
为了处理页面的提交数据,那要让Controller继承自SimpleFormController。
通常的SimpleFormController定义如下:
public class PriceIncreaseFormController extends SimpleFormController {
private ProductManager prodMan;
public ModelAndView onSubmit(Object command)
throws ServletException {
int increase = ((PriceIncrease) command).getPercentage();
prodMan.increasePrice(increase);
String now = (new java.util.Date()).toString();
Map myModel = new HashMap();
myModel.put("now", now);
myModel.put("products", getProductManager().getProducts());
return new ModelAndView(new RedirectView(getSuccessView()));
}
protected Object formBackingObject(HttpServletRequest request) throws ServletException {
PriceIncrease priceIncrease = new PriceIncrease();
priceIncrease.setPercentage(20);
return priceIncrease;
}
public void setProductManager(ProductManager pm) {
prodMan = pm;
}
public ProductManager getProductManager() {
return prodMan;
}
}
跟Controller的区别在于多了2个方法:
public ModelAndView onSubmit(Object command)
protected Object formBackingObject(HttpServletRequest request) throws ServletException
在理解SimpleFormController之前,我们先看看springapp-servlet.xml中关于SimpleFormController的定义:
<bean id="priceIncreaseForm" class="web.PriceIncreaseFormController">
<property name="sessionForm"><value>true</value></property>
<property name="commandName"><value>priceIncrease</value></property>
<property name="commandClass"><value>bus.PriceIncrease</value></property>
<property name="validator"><ref bean="priceIncreaseValidator"/></property>
<property name="formView"><value>priceincrease</value></property>
<property name="successView"><value>hello.htm</value></property>
<property name="productManager">
<ref bean="prodMan"/>
</property>
</bean>
这些定义很好理解,其中这2行:
<property name="commandName"><value>priceIncrease</value></property>
<property name="commandClass"><value>bus.PriceIncrease</value></property>
指出了对应页面FORM的元素的类和其实例对象名。(我想不通的是为什么用command,而不是form,大概是认为提交就是命令吧)
springapp-servlet.xml中关于页面导向的定义如下:
<bean id="urlMapping" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.SimpleUrlHandlerMapping">
<property name="mappings">
<props>
<prop key="/hello.htm">springappController</prop>
<prop key="/priceincrease.htm">priceIncreaseForm</prop>
</props>
</property>
</bean>
下面我们看看SimpleFormController的运作机制:
由于它也是一个Controller,所以它的加载机制同其他的Controller。比如也自动初始化了成员属性。
当页面请求交给PriceIncreaseFormController处理的时候,它首先调用的是formBackingObject()方法,其作用是加载页面Form元素对应的bean,并赋初始值。完成之后,就产生页面显示。
当用户提交FORM时,servlet不是先运行PriceIncreaseFormController. onSubmit(),而是先运行了priceIncreaseValidator的support()和validate (Object obj, Errors errors)方法。如果在校验过程中(即validate (Object obj, Errors errors)方法中),如果发现有数据错误,那么就errors.rejectValue()方法给errors赋值。〔〔errors.rejectValue()方法待研究〕〕
servlet一旦发现errors里面有值,就会中止程序运行而直接返回原来的页面,在页面的某处可以利用errors里面存储的值显示错误信息。
如果校验通过,那么SimpleFormController的onSubmit方法将启动,其返回值就是将要去的页面。
总结一个SimpleFormController的运作全过程:
servlet请求->SimpleFormController.formBackingObject()->显示页面->提交页面-> SimpleFormController的Validator.validate()->SimpleFormController. onSubmit()->view导向