soalris 命令以及sa239考点集锦

王朝other·作者佚名  2006-11-24
窄屏简体版  字體: |||超大  

这是我做题后自己的小小总结,写一遍加深记忆,贴上来大家共享!!!

(1),

ls -li 显示文件块号;

ls -R dir 递归显示dir目录下的内容,

(2),

# prtconf | grep -v not

(3),(必考)

devfsadm -c device_class

----------------devfsadm 参数汇总----------------------

-c 指定class

-i 检测指定设备名;

-v 检测硬件,更改/dev and /devices目录内容;

-C 检测删除硬件,更改目录内容;

----------------------------------------------------------

(4),

newfs /dev/rdsk/c1t3d0s0

在newfs创建文件系统时,会留出1%-10%的空间给newfs给维护所用,这个参数就是minfree,可用命令fstyp查看minfree的值;在newfs创建文件系统时可以用 newfs -m %free 来指定;

(5),

fstyp -v /dev/rdsk/c0t0d0s0 | head -10 显示free的大小;

如果不加-v参数,则只显示挂接的文件类型:如只显ufs

(6),

如果想修改此参数,可用以下命令:

tunefs -m 1 /dev/rdsk/c1t3d0s0

(7)

可以用prtvtoc 命令把磁盘的VTOC保存到一个文件中:

例如: prtvtoc /dev/rdsk/c1t0d0s2 > /vtoc/c1t0d0

可以把prtvtoc命令的输出内容导入到另外一块硬盘中去:

例如: fmthard -s datafile /dev/rdsk/c #t #d #s2

(8)

df – Displays the number of free disk blocks

(9)

du – Summarizes disk use

(10)

quot – Summarizes file system ownership

(11),

使用mountall命令:

mountall -l 只mount本地的所有文件系统;

---------------------------------------------------

Using the fstyp Command来查看文件类型:

# fstyp /dev/rdsk/c0t0d0s7

ufs

---------------------------------------------------

(12)

使用mount命令的option

Some options used to mount local file systems include: ro, nosetuid,

noatime, nolargefiles, and logging.

----------------------------------------------------

(13)

umount所有文件系统:

#umountall

umount所有本地的文件系统:

#umountall -l

----------------------------------

fuser command – Lists all of the processes that are accessing the file

system and kills them if necessary

----------------------------------------------

(14),

umountall状态为busy的系统:

以下四种情况,文件系统都会显示:umount: file_system_name busy

1 A program is accessing a file or directory in the file system

2 A user is accessing a directory or file in the file system

3 A program has a file open in that file system

4 The file is being shared

有两种方法解决:

(1) 使用fuser命令来确认挂接点有那些进程在访问,然后杀掉

(2) 用umount -f 强制umount;

(15),

--------------------------------------------------------------

volume management两个重要文件:

/etc/vold.conf volume management配置文件,配置一些条目,如插入,弹出设备时的动作,

那些设备被volume management管理,那些设备是不安全弹出等.

/etc/rmmount.conf rmmount命令的配置文件,rmmount是一个被volume management在光盘或

软盘弹出时执行的命令;

(16),

----------------------------------------------

volcheck检测diskette和其它可移动设备.

(17),

-------------------------------------------

停止卷管理服务:

# /etc/init.d/volmgt stop 或 # pkill -9 vold

启动卷管理服务:

# /etc/init.d/volmgt start

-----------------------------------------------

(18),

# pkginfo | more

显示所有软件包的详细信息:

# pkginfo -l | more

显示SUNWman软件包的详细信息:

# pkginfo -l SUNWman

显示系统已安装软件包的数量:

# pkginfo | wc -l

(19),

显示光盘相关目录的软件包:

pkginfo -d /cdrom/cdrom0/s0/Solaris_9/Product |more

提示:光盘CD1of2 中放了core and END USER software Groups

cd2 of 2 中放了Developer, Entire Distribution, and Entire Distribution Plus OEM Support software groups.

(20),

安装软件包从光盘到系统中:

# pkgadd -d . SUNWns6m

(21),

查看软件安装状况:

# pkgchk SUNWcarx

加-v 参数可查看软件包安装在那些目录下放置了文件:

# pkgchk -v SUNWcarx

查看文件状态:

#pkgchk -p /etc/passwd

查看passwd文件什么时候软件包创建,最一次修改时间以及原始文件大小,及现在大小;

#pkgchk -l -p /etc/group

查看此文件被那个软件包创建,以及一些相关信息;

提示:必须使用绝对路径,否则不显示信息;

(22), 删除软件包:

# pkgrm SUNWapchr 删除软件包SUNWapchr

(23),

增加一个软件包spool 路径:

默认情况下,spool路径放在/var/spool/pkg ,

增加方法如下:

# pkgadd -d /cdrom/cdrom0/s0/Solaris_9/Product -s spool SUNWensqr.u

如果想删除spool路径:

# pkgrm -s spool SUNWensqr.u

如果想增加一个spool中径到一个自己指定的目录/export/pkg下,则如下操作:

# pkgadd -d /cdrom/cdrom0/s0/Solaris_9/Product -s /export/pkg SUNWensqr.u

# pkgrm -s /export/pkg SUNWensqr.u

------------------------------------------------------------------------------

(24),

安装:

# patchadd 105050-01

# patchrm 105050-01

安装patch cluster:

patch cluster由推荐补丁,安全补丁以及Y2K patch组成;安装时必须在/ /var /usr /opt有至少10M的空间,会把patch存在/var/sadm/pkg目录,也可-nosave,将不能对个别patch进行恢复删除,

# cd patch_cluster_directory

# ./install_cluster

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

(25),To display revsion of OpenBoot PROM :

#/usr/platform/'uname -m'/sbin/prtdiag -v

---------------------------------------------------------------------

(26), NVRAM 's noneditable area :

The Ethernet address, such as 8:0:20:5d:6f:9e

The HostID value ,such as 805d6f83

(27),stop + D

stop + N

Stop + A 三个命令的作用

(28),停止在系统运行时stop+A的作用:

/etc/default/kbd

删除KEYBOARD ABORT=disable的注册符;

--------------------------------------------------------------------

(29),Boot PROM command: (必考)

banner---- displays the power-on banner(also list Ethernet address,HostID,model name , boot PROM version,the amount of memory.)

boot ---- boots the system(-s boot the system to single-usermode;

-a boot the system interactively;

-v boots the system displaying more detailed info;

-r Performs a reconfigration boot.)

help ---- Lists the main help categories

words ---- displays the FORTH words in the dictionary

sifting text ----- Displays the FORTH commands contianing text

Printenv ---- Dislplays all paramenter's current and default values.

setenv ---- set the specified NVRAM parameter to some value.

reset-all ---- Resets the entire system; similar to a power cycle.

set-defaults ---- Resets all paramter values to the factory defualts.

probe-ide

probe-scsi

probe-fcal-all

probe-scsi-all

probe-ide

probe-pci-slot

test ---- Runs self-test on specified devices;

.version ---- Displays the version and the date of the boot PROM;

.enet-addr ---- Displays the Ethernet address;

.idprom ---- Displays the IP PROM contents.

.speed ---- Displays the speed oft processor and of the buses attached to the sytem;

.registers ----- Displays the contents of the registers;

show-devs ---- view the entire device tree;

devalias ---- To identify the current boot device alias for the system;

nvalias ---- Creat a new device alias name;

nvunalias ---- Remove a custom device alias name;

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

(30),Identifying RUN level (必考)

0 and S and 1 , this three level differ;

difference between 2 and 3 level;

0 ,PROM monitor

S , single-user mode with critical file systems;

1 , single-user mode with all available local file systems;

2 , multiuser mode, All system daemons are running except NFS and other network resource;

3 , multiuser mode , all system and has NFS ,/etc/inittab file default level;

5 , shutdown and power off;

6 , shutdown and reboots to the default run level.

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------

(31),reboot or shutdown system command

init 5 change run level to 5 and poweroff

init 6 reboot system to default run level;

halt shutdwon system ,stop the solaris OE ,change run level to 0

shutdown shutdown -g 30 -i 5 -y ,have grace period;

poweroff immediate shutdown

reboot immediate shutwon and reinitialization system;

----------------------------------------------------------------------------

(32),

useing the solaris OE Print Manager

/user/sadm/admin/bin/printmgr &

----------------------------------------------------------------------

(33), administering Printer services

lpadmin

lpstat

lpshut

---------------------------------------------------

(34), pinter command;

accept ---- permits print requests to the queued

reject ---- prevents print requests from queued

enable ---- activate the specified printers

disable---- deactivates the specified printers

lpmove ---- moves the print requests

----------------------------------------------------

(35), useing the CDE process manager

/usr/dt/bin/sdtprocess &

-------------------------------------------------------------

(36), prstat command and the option (必考)

-a ---- displays separate

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