SmartPhone 2003 手机编程实战之二：自己开发一个天气预报服务

Smartphone移动开发—自己开发一个天气预报服务作者：贺星河(hxhbluestar)

时间：2005-1-16

[文章导读]

本文介绍了在基于Smartphone操作系统的智能手机上开发一个天气预报服务的程序。

[简介]

我们都知道QQ有一个免费提供给Blog引用的天气预报服务网址http://appnews.qq.com/cgi-bin/news_qq_search?city=上海（上海是我自己所在城市，如果想看自己的城市，在浏览器中改成城市名称即可），现在我使用QQ提供的这个服务，将其包装部署为一个Web服务，并编写程序使得我的多普达565智能手机能使用这个Web服务。

[正文]

PC开发环境：Windows XP SP2，Visual Studio 2003.NET,.NET Framework 1.1 SP1

操作系统：Windows Mobile(TM) 2003第二版，版本4.21.1088(Build 14235.2.0.0)

智能手机型号：多普达565

一、安装必备的环境

注意：必须安装.NET Mobile所需要的开发环境

必须安装的软件(如下软件都是微软提供免费下载和使用的)

1、Microsoft ActiveSync 3.7.1

(最新版本Microsoft ActiveSync 3.8出来了，可以到摘要的页面中去找链接下载，这个我还没有试过)

下载网址：http://www.microsoft.com/windowsmobile/downloads/activesync37.mspx，里面有中文版本，或者，在手机附带的微软光盘里面有安装程序；

作用：同步手机和PC机数据的程序

2、Microsoft SMARTPHONE 2003 SDK.msi

下载网址：

http://download.microsoft.com/download/e/3/1/e310bb99-2f33-4d79-bb8a-41d9cb3c79b4/Microsoft SMARTPHONE 2003 SDK.msi

3、MobileAppDevToolkit2004.exe

下载地址：http://download.microsoft.com/download/b/2/5/b25742c0-daa3-4a8c-988d-a947a35e0a68/MobileAppDevToolkit2004.exe

二、将QQ的服务部署成WebService

1、建立一个名为WeatherService的WebService，并将QQ的天气服务转为XML WebService服务，部署在一台具有固定IP的服务器上。

2、新建一个WeatherDataSet.XSD，存储我们的天气信息

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>

<xs:schema id="WeatherDataSet" targetNamespace="Ezhi.Services.WeatherService" elementFormDefault="qualified"

attributeFormDefault="qualified" xmlns="Ezhi.Services.WeatherService" xmlns:mstns="Ezhi.Services.WeatherService"

xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:msdata="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:xml-msdata">

<xs:element name="WeatherDataSet" msdata:IsDataSet="true">

<xs:complexType>

<xs:choice maxOccurs="unbounded">

<xs:element name="WeatherDS">

<xs:complexType>

<xs:sequence>

<xs:element name="CityName" type="xs:string" minOccurs="0" />

<xs:element name="Date1" type="xs:string" minOccurs="0" />

<xs:element name="Weather1" type="xs:string" minOccurs="0" />

<xs:element name="Temp1" type="xs:string" minOccurs="0" />

<xs:element name="WindPower1" type="xs:string" minOccurs="0" />

<xs:element name="Date2" type="xs:string" minOccurs="0" />

<xs:element name="Weather2" type="xs:string" minOccurs="0" />

<xs:element name="Temp2" type="xs:string" minOccurs="0" />

<xs:element name="WindPower2" type="xs:string" minOccurs="0" />

</xs:sequence>

</xs:complexType>

</xs:element>

</xs:choice>

</xs:complexType>

</xs:element>

</xs:schema>

3 WeatherService的源代码如下

#region Using directives

using System;

using System.Collections;

using System.ComponentModel;

using System.Data;

using System.Diagnostics;

using System.Web;

using System.Web.Services;

using System.IO;

using System.Net;

using System.Text;

#endregion

namespace WeatherService

{

/// <summary>

/// Service1 的摘要说明。

/// </summary>

[WebService(Description="WeatherService 天气Service",Namespace="WeatherService")]

public class Weather : System.Web.Services.WebService

{

#region Variable

private string tommorow;

#endregion

#region 构造函数

public Weather()

{

InitializeComponent();

if(DateTime.Today.AddDays(1).Month.ToString().Length == 1)

{

tommorow= "0"+DateTime.Today.AddDays(1).Month.ToString()+"月" +

DateTime.Today.AddDays(1).Day.ToString()+"日";

}

else

{

tommorow= DateTime.Today.AddDays(1).Month.ToString()+"月" +

DateTime.Today.AddDays(1).Day.ToString()+"日";

}

#endregion

#region 组件设计器生成的代码

//Web 服务设计器所必需的

private IContainer components = null;

/// <summary>

/// 设计器支持所需的方法 - 不要使用代码编辑器修改

/// 此方法的内容。

/// </summary>

private void InitializeComponent()

{

}

/// <summary>

/// 清理所有正在使用的资源。

/// </summary>

protected override void Dispose( bool disposing )

{

if(disposing && components != null)

{

components.Dispose();

}

base.Dispose(disposing);

}

#endregion

#region [OK] GetWeatherDataSet 天气预报

[WebMethod(Description="天气预报")]

public DataSet GetWeatherDataSet(string cityName)

{

string url=@"http://appnews.qq.com/cgi-bin/news_qq_search";

string weatherData="";

try

{

weatherData = GetPage(url,cityName).Replace(" ","").Trim();

}

catch(Exception)

{

throw new Exception("对不起，没有这个城市的天气信息！");

}

//System.Diagnostics.Trace.WriteLine( tommorow );

//System.Diagnostics.Trace.WriteLine( weatherData );

WeatherDataSet weatherDs = new WeatherDataSet();

weatherDs.WeatherDS.AddWeatherDSRow(GetWeatherRow(ref weatherDs,weatherData,cityName) );

return weatherDs;

}

private WeatherDataSet.WeatherDSRow GetWeatherRow(ref WeatherDataSet weatherDs,string weatherData,string cityName)

{

WeatherDataSet.WeatherDSRow weatherRow = weatherDs.WeatherDS.NewWeatherDSRow();

weatherRow.CityName = weatherData.Substring(weatherData.IndexOf("●")+1,cityName.Length);

weatherRow.Date1 = DateTime.Now.ToLongDateString();

weatherRow.Weather1 = weatherData.Substring(weatherData.IndexOf("天气")+"天气".Length,weatherData.IndexOf("气温")-(weatherData.IndexOf("天气")+"天气".Length));

weatherRow.Temp1 = weatherData.Substring(weatherData.IndexOf("气温")+"气温".Length,weatherData.IndexOf("风力")-(weatherData.IndexOf("气温")+"气温".Length)).Replace("℃-","℃/");

weatherRow.WindPower1 = weatherData.Substring(weatherData.IndexOf("风力")+"风力".Length,weatherData.IndexOf(tommorow)-(weatherData.IndexOf("风力")+"风力".Length));

weatherRow.Date2 = DateTime.Today.AddDays(1).ToLongDateString();

weatherRow.Weather2 = weatherData.Substring(weatherData.LastIndexOf("天气")+"天气".Length,weatherData.LastIndexOf("气温")-(weatherData.LastIndexOf("天气")+"天气".Length));

weatherRow.Temp2 = weatherData.Substring(weatherData.LastIndexOf("气温")+"气温".Length,weatherData.LastIndexOf("风力")-(weatherData.LastIndexOf("气温")+"气温".Length)).Replace("℃-","℃/");

weatherRow.WindPower2 = weatherData.Substring(weatherData.LastIndexOf("风力")+"风力".Length);

return weatherRow;

}

#endregion

#region GetPageString 获取QQ的天气服务

//private string xx="";

[WebMethod(Description="天气预报")]

public string GetPageString(string cityName)

{

string url=@"http://appnews.qq.com/cgi-bin/news_qq_search";

return GetPage(url,cityName);

}

private static string GetPage(string url,string cityName)

{

HttpWebResponse res = null;

string strResult = "";

try

{

string postData = "city=" + HttpUtility.UrlEncode(cityName,System.Text.Encoding.GetEncoding("GB2312"));

HttpWebRequest req = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(url);

req.Method = "POST";

req.KeepAlive = true;

req.ContentType = "application/x-www-form-urlencoded";

StringBuilder UrlEncoded = new StringBuilder();

byte[] SomeBytes = Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes(postData);

req.ContentLength = SomeBytes.Length;

Stream newStream = req.GetRequestStream();

newStream.Write(SomeBytes, 0, SomeBytes.Length);

newStream.Close();

//获得流内容

res = (HttpWebResponse)req.GetResponse();

System.IO.Stream s=res.GetResponseStream();

StreamReader reader = new StreamReader(s,System.Text.Encoding.Default);

strResult=reader.ReadToEnd();

}

catch(Exception e)

{

strResult = e.ToString();

}

finally

{

if ( res != null )

{

res.Close();

}

strResult=strResult.Remove(0,strResult.IndexOf("●"));

if( cityName != "北京" )

{

strResult=strResult.Remove(strResult.IndexOf("北京"),strResult.Length-strResult.IndexOf("北京"));

}

else

{

strResult=strResult.Remove(strResult.LastIndexOf("北京"),strResult.Length-strResult.LastIndexOf("北京"));

}

strResult=strResult.Trim();

while(strResult.IndexOf(@"<") != -1)

{

strResult=strResult.Remove(strResult.IndexOf(@"<"),strResult.IndexOf(@">")-strResult.IndexOf(@"<")+1);

}

while(strResult.IndexOf(@" ") != -1)

{

strResult=strResult.Replace(" ","");

}

string x = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(new Byte[]{10});

string y = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(new Byte[]{9});

while(strResult.IndexOf(x) != -1)

{

strResult=strResult.Replace(x,"");

}

while(strResult.IndexOf(y) != -1)

{

strResult=strResult.Replace(y,"");

}

return strResult;

}

#endregion

}

记得将在Web.Config文件加入以下节点，使得WebService能被外部访问

<add name="HttpPostLocalhost"/æ

</protocols>

</webServices>

三、新建智能设备应用程序项目

1、新建一个智能设备应用程序，在主面板上拖放如图2所示的几个控件，其中timer是用来检查是否数据已经下载完毕的。

图1－新建智能设备应用程序

图2－界面设计

2、将建好的WebService引用进来

图3－引用WebServiceusing

3、WeatherService智能手机上运行的程序源代码

using System;

using System.Drawing;

using System.Collections;

System.Windows.Forms;

using System.Data;

namespace WeatherService

{

/// <summary>

/// Summary description for MainForm.

/// </summary>

public class MainForm : System.Windows.Forms.Form

{

private System.Windows.Forms.ComboBox comboBox_City;

private System.Windows.Forms.MenuItem menuItem1;

private System.Windows.Forms.Label txt_Weather1;

private System.Windows.Forms.Label txt_Date1;

private System.Windows.Forms.Label txt_Temp1;

private System.Windows.Forms.Label txt_WindPower1;

private System.Windows.Forms.Label txt_Temp2;

private System.Windows.Forms.Label txt_WindPower2;

private System.Windows.Forms.Label txt_Date2;

private System.Windows.Forms.Label txt_Weather2;

private System.Windows.Forms.MainMenu mainMenu1;

private System.Windows.Forms.MenuItem menuItem_Menu;

private System.Windows.Forms.MenuItem menuItem_Exit;

private System.Windows.Forms.Label label_City;

private System.Windows.Forms.Timer timer1;

private System.Windows.Forms.MenuItem menuItem2;

private System.Windows.Forms.MenuItem menuItem3;

public string[] cityList = new string[]

{

"北京",

"上海",

"天津",

"石家庄",

"哈尔滨",

"沈阳",

"长春",

"太原",

"济南",

"郑州",

"天津",

"呼和浩特",

"西安",

"银川",

"兰州",

"西宁",

"乌鲁木齐",

"合肥",

"南昌",

"南京",

"杭州",

"武汉",

"长沙",

"广州",

"深圳",

"福州",

"厦门",

"南宁",

"桂林",

"海口",

"重庆",

"成都",

"贵阳",

"昆明",

"拉萨",

"香港",

"澳门",

"台北",

};

public MainForm()

{

InitializeComponent();

foreach( string x in cityList)

{

this.comboBox_City.Items.Add(x);

}

this.comboBox_City.SelectedIndex = 0;

}

/// <summary>

/// Clean up any resources being used.

/// </summary>

protected override void Dispose( bool disposing )

{

base.Dispose( disposing );

}

#region Windows Form Designer generated code

/// <summary>

/// Required method for Designer support - do not modify

/// the contents of this method with the code editor.

/// </summary>

private void InitializeComponent()

{

this.mainMenu1 = new System.Windows.Forms.MainMenu();

this.menuItem1 = new System.Windows.Forms.MenuItem();

this.menuItem_Menu = new System.Windows.Forms.MenuItem();

this.menuItem_Exit = new System.Windows.Forms.MenuItem();

this.menuItem3 = new System.Windows.Forms.MenuItem();

this.menuItem2 = new System.Windows.Forms.MenuItem();

this.comboBox_City = new System.Windows.Forms.ComboBox();

this.label_City = new System.Windows.Forms.Label();

this.txt_Weather1 = new System.Windows.Forms.Label();

this.txt_Date1 = new System.Windows.Forms.Label();

this.txt_Temp1 = new System.Windows.Forms.Label();

this.txt_WindPower1 = new System.Windows.Forms.Label();

this.txt_Temp2 = new System.Windows.Forms.Label();

this.txt_WindPower2 = new System.Windows.Forms.Label();

this.txt_Date2 = new System.Windows.Forms.Label();

this.txt_Weather2 = new System.Windows.Forms.Label();

this.timer1 = new System.Windows.Forms.Timer();

// mainMenu1

this.mainMenu1.MenuItems.Add(this.menuItem1);

this.mainMenu1.MenuItems.Add(this.menuItem_Menu);

// menuItem1

this.menuItem1.Text = "确定";

this.menuItem1.Click += new System.EventHandler(this.menuItem1_Click);

// menuItem_Menu

this.menuItem_Menu.MenuItems.Add(this.menuItem_Exit);

this.menuItem_Menu.MenuItems.Add(this.menuItem3);

this.menuItem_Menu.MenuItems.Add(this.menuItem2);

this.menuItem_Menu.Text = "菜单";

// menuItem_Exit

this.menuItem_Exit.Text = "退出";

this.menuItem_Exit.Click += new System.EventHandler(this.menuItem_Exit_Click);

// menuItem3

this.menuItem3.Text = "-";

// menuItem2

this.menuItem2.Text = "关于";

this.menuItem2.Click += new System.EventHandler(this.menuItem2_Click);

// comboBox_City

this.comboBox_City.Font = new System.Drawing.Font("Nina", 9F, System.Drawing.FontStyle.Regular);

this.comboBox_City.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(52, 8);

this.comboBox_City.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(114, 22);

// label_City

this.label_City.Font = new System.Drawing.Font("Nina", 9F, System.Drawing.FontStyle.Bold);

this.label_City.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(4, 12);

this.label_City.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(52, 16);

this.label_City.Text = "城市：";

this.label_City.TextAlign = System.Drawing.ContentAlignment.TopCenter;

// txt_Weather1

this.txt_Weather1.Font = new System.Drawing.Font("Nina", 9F, System.Drawing.FontStyle.Regular);

this.txt_Weather1.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(12, 50);

this.txt_Weather1.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(152, 14);

this.txt_Weather1.Text = "天气:";

// txt_Date1

this.txt_Date1.Font = new System.Drawing.Font("Nina", 9F, System.Drawing.FontStyle.Regular);

this.txt_Date1.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(12, 34);

this.txt_Date1.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(152, 14);

this.txt_Date1.Text = "日期:";

// txt_Temp1

this.txt_Temp1.Font = new System.Drawing.Font("Nina", 9F, System.Drawing.FontStyle.Regular);

this.txt_Temp1.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(12, 68);

this.txt_Temp1.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(152, 14);

this.txt_Temp1.Text = "气温:";

// txt_WindPower1

this.txt_WindPower1.Font = new System.Drawing.Font("Nina", 9F, System.Drawing.FontStyle.Regular);

this.txt_WindPower1.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(12, 84);

this.txt_WindPower1.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(152, 14);

this.txt_WindPower1.Text = "风力:";

// txt_Temp2

this.txt_Temp2.Font = new System.Drawing.Font("Nina", 9F, System.Drawing.FontStyle.Regular);

this.txt_Temp2.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(12, 140);

this.txt_Temp2.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(152, 14);

this.txt_Temp2.Text = "气温:";

// txt_WindPower2

this.txt_WindPower2.Font = new System.Drawing.Font("Nina", 9F, System.Drawing.FontStyle.Regular);

this.txt_WindPower2.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(12, 156);

this.txt_WindPower2.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(152, 14);

this.txt_WindPower2.Text = "风力:";

// txt_Date2

this.txt_Date2.Font = new System.Drawing.Font("Nina", 9F, System.Drawing.FontStyle.Regular);

this.txt_Date2.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(12, 108);

this.txt_Date2.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(152, 14);

this.txt_Date2.Text = "日期:";

// txt_Weather2

this.txt_Weather2.Font = new System.Drawing.Font("Nina", 9F, System.Drawing.FontStyle.Regular);

this.txt_Weather2.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(12, 124);

this.txt_Weather2.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(152, 14);

this.txt_Weather2.Text = "天气:";

// timer1

this.timer1.Interval = 200;

this.timer1.Tick += new System.EventHandler(this.timer1_Tick);

// MainForm

this.Controls.Add(this.comboBox_City);

this.Controls.Add(this.txt_Date1);

this.Controls.Add(this.txt_Weather1);

this.Controls.Add(this.label_City);

this.Controls.Add(this.txt_Temp1);

this.Controls.Add(this.txt_WindPower1);

this.Controls.Add(this.txt_Temp2);

this.Controls.Add(this.txt_WindPower2);

this.Controls.Add(this.txt_Date2);

this.Controls.Add(this.txt_Weather2);

this.Menu = this.mainMenu1;

this.Text = "天气预报";

}

#endregion

/// <summary>

/// The main entry point for the application.

/// </summary>

static void Main()

{

Application.Run(new MainForm());

}

private void menuItem_Exit_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs e)

{

this.Dispose();

}

private void menuItem1_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs e)

{

SearchWeather(this.comboBox_City.Text);

}

private string[] myString = new string[]

{

"日期: ",

"温度: ",

"天气: ",

"风力: ",

};

public void SearchWeather(string cityName)

{

if( this.txt_Date1.Text != myString[0] )

{

ReSelect();

}

this.Text = "正在下载...";

this.timer1.Enabled = true;

WeatherService.Weather weather = new WeatherService.Weather();

DataSet myDs = weather.GetWeatherDataSet(cityName);

this.txt_Date1.Text = myString[0] + myDs.Tables[0].Rows[0]["Date1"].ToString();

this.txt_Temp1.Text = myString[1] + myDs.Tables[0].Rows[0]["Temp1"].ToString();

this.txt_Weather1.Text = myString[2] + myDs.Tables[0].Rows[0]["Weather1"].ToString();

this.txt_WindPower1.Text = myString[3] + myDs.Tables[0].Rows[0]["WindPower1"].ToString();

this.txt_Date2.Text = myString[0] + myDs.Tables[0].Rows[0]["Date2"].ToString();

this.txt_Temp2.Text = myString[1] + myDs.Tables[0].Rows[0]["Temp2"].ToString();

this.txt_Weather2.Text = myString[2] + myDs.Tables[0].Rows[0]["Weather2"].ToString();

this.txt_WindPower2.Text = myString[3] + myDs.Tables[0].Rows[0]["WindPower2"].ToString();

}

private void ReSelect()

{

this.txt_Date1.Text = myString[0];

this.txt_Temp1.Text = myString[1];

this.txt_Weather1.Text = myString[2];

this.txt_WindPower1.Text = myString[3];

this.txt_Date2.Text = myString[0];

this.txt_Temp2.Text = myString[1];

this.txt_Weather2.Text = myString[2];

this.txt_WindPower2.Text = myString[3];

}

private void timer1_Tick(object sender, System.EventArgs e)

{

if( this.txt_Date1.Text.IndexOf("月") != -1)

{

this.timer1.Enabled = false;

this.Text = "天气预报";

}

private void menuItem2_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs e)

{

this.Text = "作者:贺星河";

System.Threading.Thread.Sleep(3000);

this.Text = "天气预报";

}

四、将开发好的程序部署到多普达565智能手机上并运行

1、在VS.NET2003的“解决方案WeatherService”上点击右键，选择”部署解决方案”，出现一下对话框

图4－部署解决方案

选择“部署”，“部署”完成后，手机上将显示如下界面

图5、手机界面之一－部署

因为我的PC机器上安装了.NET Framework1.1SP1，所以会提示这个界面，选择“确定”，继续执行安装部署：

图6、手机界面之二－选择安装位置

选择安装位置为”Sotrage Card”,选择“完成”,这个时候程序就部署完毕了，

使用Resco Explore 2003，找到安装部署后程序所在的目录，在 \Sorage\Program Files\WeatherService\ 目录下面，执行程序WeatherService.exe，将出现如下画面：

图7、手机界面之三－开始执行程序

选择“是”，之所以出现这个画面，是因为程序没有经过系统的认证，也是微软安全方面的一个体现，即时这个程序会正常执行，也不会冒然打出电话！

程序执行之后，会出现如下画面，选择需要查询的城市名称，点“确定”

图8、手机界面之四－程序界面

之后程序标题会变为“正在下载…”，程序通过GPRS上网读取部署在Internet上的WebService

图9、手机界面之五－运行界面

稍等几秒钟之后，便会看到所需要的天气信息数据

图10、手机界面之六－运行结果

全文完