大家都知道要在一个Asp.net应用程序中,实现即时信息提醒比较麻烦,在Asp.net不能使用Timer的方式来完成帮每个用户的定时访问数据库的操作,只能利用javascript来的SetInterval方法来完成用户的定时刷新页面操作,但存在的问题是页面一直在不断的刷新。在CSDN上的一篇文章(http://dev.csdn.net/article/63/63930.shtm)给了一个很好的解决方案。利用javascript + WebService ,利用javascript去访问WebService。唯的麻烦之处在于要自己写SOAP消息完成访问访问WebService。下面就来看看具体的实现过程。
一、创建一个WebService,在我的WebService中有这样(HasNewMessage,原型是public string HasNewMessage(string userID,out int mailCount,out int pendingCount))一个方法,用IE访问WebService调用这个方法会有下面的一串SOAP请求消息格式.
POST /WebService/NewsService.asmx HTTP/1.1
Host: 192.168.7.108
Content-Type: text/xml; charset=utf-8
Content-Length: length
SOAPAction: 'http://tempuri.org/HasNewMessage'
<?xml version='1.0' encoding='utf-8'?>
<soap:Envelope xmlns:xsi='http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance' xmlns:xsd='http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema' xmlns:soap='http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/'>
<soap:Body>
<HasNewMessage xmlns='http://tempuri.org/'>
<userID>string</userID>
</HasNewMessage>
</soap:Body>
</soap:Envelope>
我们就可以根据它来编写我们的SOAP消息了。WebService将会以下面的格式返回我们的请求。
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Content-Type: text/xml; charset=utf-8
Content-Length: length
<?xml version='1.0' encoding='utf-8'?>
<soap:Envelope xmlns:xsi='http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance' xmlns:xsd='http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema' xmlns:soap='http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/'>
<soap:Body>
<HasNewMessageResponse xmlns='http://tempuri.org/'>
<HasNewMessageResult>string</HasNewMessageResult>
<mailCount>int</mailCount>
<pendingCount>int</pendingCount>
</HasNewMessageResponse>
</soap:Body>
</soap:Envelope>
在这个函数中,我有三个输出,其实mailCount,pendingCount是输出参数.在程序中我可以根据这个格式来分解出我们所获得的输出。
二、用javascript访问WebService
function HasNewMail()
{
var userID = '3011';
var myService = 'http://192.168.7.108/WebService/NewsService.asmx' ;
var myMethod = 'http://tempuri.org/HasNewMessage';
var requestHttp = new ActiveXObject('Microsoft.XMLHTTP');
var requestBody = '';
requestBody = requestBody + '<?xml version=\'1.0\' encoding=\'utf-8\'?>\n' ;
requestBody = requestBody + '<soap:Envelope ';
requestBody = requestBody + 'xmlns:xsi=\'http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance\' ';
requestBody = requestBody + 'xmlns:xsd=\'http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema\' ' ;
requestBody = requestBody + 'xmlns:soap=\'http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/\'>\n' ;
requestBody = requestBody + ' <soap:Body>\n' ;
requestBody = requestBody + ' <HasNewMessage xmlns=\'http://tempuri.org/\'>\n' ;
requestBody = requestBody + ' <userID>' + userID + '</userID>\n';
requestBody = requestBody + ' </HasNewMessage>\n';
requestBody = requestBody + ' </soap:Body>\n';
requestBody = requestBody + '</soap:Envelope>';
requestHttp.Open('POST',myService,false);
requestHttp.SetRequestHeader('Content-Type','text/xml;charset=gb2312');
requestHttp.SetRequestHeader('SOAPAction',myMethod);
requestHttp.Send(requestBody);
var result = requestHttp.ResponseXML;
var pos1 = result .xml.indexOf('<HasNewMessageResult>');
var pos2 = result .xml.indexOf('</HasNewMessageResult>');
var len = pos2 - pos1 - ('<HasNewMessageResult>').length;
var userName = result.xml.substr(pos1 + ('<HasNewMessageResult>').length , len);
pos1 = result.xml.indexOf('<mailCount>');
pos2 = result.xml.indexOf('</mailCount>');
len = pos2 - pos1 - ('<mailCount>').length;
var mailCount = result.xml.substr(pos1 + ('<mailCount>').length , len);
pos1 = result.xml.indexOf('<pendingCount>');
pos2 = result.xml.indexOf('</pendingCount>');
len = pos2 - pos1 - ('<pendingCount>').length;
var pendingCount= result.xml.substr(pos1 + ('<pendingCount>').length , len);
var allCount = parseInt(mailCount) + parseInt(pendingCount);
//弹出显示
if(allCount > 0)
PopUpNotify(userName,allCount,mailCount,pendingCount)
}
这个函数首先创建一个ActiveXObj利用它来完成对WebService的访问。然后根据上面介绍的格式创建SOAP消息体,与WebService交互。最后对所得到的WebService返回消息进行分解,得出所需的数据。
三、Pop窗口的弹出。Pop窗口的弹出有几种方法,好像也有这方面的专门控件,由于用javascript来完成,选用层的移动应用或PopupObject来实现,它可以让显示信息自下而上移动,但在测试过程中发现直接用层会被框架遮住。所以选用PopupObject,但存在一个问题就是用户不能控制这个PopupObject的关闭,它的关闭方式是在父窗体获得焦点以后就会自动关闭,在层实体的”self.close()”,不能很好的工作,它会弹出确认关闭窗口,随后自己就关闭了。以下是弹出函数和层实体(复制别人用层写出的弹出消息的一个层实体,把它作为PopupObject的innerHTML也能很的显示,真好!)。
var oPopup = window.createPopup();
function PopUpNotify(userName,allCount,mailCount,pendigCount)
{
var oPopupBody = oPopup.document.body;
var HTMLBody = eMeng.innerHTML;
HTMLBody = HTMLBody.replace(/userName/g,userName);
HTMLBody = HTMLBody.replace(/allCount/g,allCount);
HTMLBody = HTMLBody.replace(/mailCount/g,mailCount);
HTMLBody = HTMLBody.replace(/pendingCount/g,pendigCount);
oPopupBody.innerHTML = HTMLBody;
oPopup.show(screen.availWidth ,screen.Height - 145,180,116);
var realHeight = oPopupBody.scrollHeight;
oPopup.hide();
// Shows the actual popup object with correct height.
oPopup.show(screen.availWidth,screen.Height - 145,180,116);
window.setTimeout('oPopup.hide()',5000);
}
层实体如下:
<DIV id='eMeng' style='BORDER-RIGHT: #455690 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: #a6b4cf 1px solid; Z-INDEX: -1000; LEFT: 0px; VISIBILITY: hidden; BORDER-LEFT: #a6b4cf 1px solid; WIDTH: 180px; BORDER-BOTTOM: #455690 1px solid; POSITION: absolute; TOP: 0px; HEIGHT: 116px; BACKGROUND-COLOR: #c9d3f3'>
<TABLE style='BORDER-TOP: #ffffff 1px solid; BORDER-LEFT: #ffffff 1px solid' cellSpacing='0'
cellPadding='0' width='100%' bgColor='#cfdef4' border='0' ID='Table8'>
<TBODY>
<TR>
<TD vAlign='middle' width='30' height='24'><IMG src="http://doc.readmen.com/Images/Poppms.gif"></TD>
<TD style='FONT-WEIGHT: normal; FONT-SIZE: 9pt; BACKGROUND-IMAGE: url(msgboximages/top.gif); COLOR: #1f336b; PADDING-TOP: 4px'
vAlign=center width='100%'>系统提示:</TD>
<TD vAlign='middle' align='right' width='19'><IMG title='关闭' style='CURSOR: hand' onclick= 'self.close()' hspace='3' src="http://doc.readmen.com/Images/PopClose.gif"></TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD colSpan='3' height='90'>
<DIV style='BORDER-RIGHT: #b9c9ef 1px solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 13px; BORDER-TOP: #728eb8 1px solid; PADDING-LEFT: 13px; FONT-SIZE: 9pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 13px; BORDER-LEFT: #728eb8 1px solid; WIDTH: 100%; COLOR: #1f336b; PADDING-TOP: 18px; BORDER-BOTTOM: #b9c9ef 1px solid; HEIGHT: 100%'> <b>userName</b>
您共有<B><FONT color='red'>allCount</FONT></B>条新消息</FONT><BR>
其中:<BR>
<a href='#' onclick='parent.window.parent.document.frames['CenterFrame'].location.href='/Affairs/mail/ReceiveBox.aspx?Refresh=1''>
新邮件有 <FONT color='red'><B>mailCount</B></FONT> 封。</a><BR>
<a href='#' onclick='parent.window.parent.document.frames['CenterFrame'].location.href = '/Affairs/Pending/Pending.aspx''>
新事件有 <FONT color='red'><B>pendingCount </B></FONT>条.</a><BR>
</DIV>
</TD>
</TR>
</TBODY></TABLE>
</DIV>
这样就可以实现访问WebService和显示相关信息了。当然了,定时访问还要设置一个函数setInterval
function VisitService()
{
HasNewMail();
window.setInterval('HasNewMail()',60000);
}
在页面加载事件中运行这个函数就能实现定时访问了。
直接用层来实现Popup效果也是一种不错的方法,这里给别人写的代码。上面的层实体也从这个例子中得到的。
var divTop,divLeft,divWidth,divHeight,docHeight,docWidth,objTimer,i = 0;
var divBody = '';
function SaveDIVInnerHTML()
{
divBody = document.getElementById('eMeng').innerHTML;
}
function getMsg(allCount,mailCount,pendingCount)
{
try{
divTop = parseInt(document.getElementById('eMeng').style.top,10)
divLeft = parseInt(document.getElementById('eMeng').style.left,10)
divHeight = parseInt(document.getElementById('eMeng').offsetHeight,10)
divWidth = parseInt(document.getElementById('eMeng').offsetWidth,10)
docWidth = document.body.clientWidth;
docHeight = document.body.clientHeight;
document.getElementById('eMeng').style.top = parseInt(document.body.scrollTop,10) + docHeight + 10;// divHeight
document.getElementById('eMeng').style.left = parseInt(document.body.scrollLeft,10) + docWidth - divWidth
document.getElementById('eMeng').style.visibility='visible';
alert(divBody);
document.getElementById('eMeng').innerHTML = document.getElementById('eMeng').innerHTML.replace(/allCount/g,allCount);
document.getElementById('eMeng').innerHTML = document.getElementById('eMeng').innerHTML.replace(/mailCount/g,mailCount);
document.getElementById('eMeng').innerHTML = document.getElementById('eMeng').innerHTML.replace(/pendingCount/g,pendingCount);
objTimer = window.setInterval('moveDiv()',10)
}
catch(e){}
}
function moveDiv()
{
try
{
if(parseInt(document.getElementById('eMeng').style.top,10) <= (docHeight - divHeight + parseInt(document.body.scrollTop,10)))
{
window.clearInterval(objTimer)
objTimer = window.setInterval('resizeDiv()',1)
}
divTop = parseInt(document.getElementById('eMeng').style.top,10)
document.getElementById('eMeng').style.top = divTop - 1
}
catch(e){}
}
function resizeDiv()
{
i+=1
if(i>500) closeDiv()
try{
divHeight = parseInt(document.getElementById('eMeng').offsetHeight,10)
divWidth = parseInt(document.getElementById('eMeng').offsetWidth,10)
docWidth = document.body.clientWidth;
docHeight = document.body.clientHeight;
document.getElementById('eMeng').style.top = docHeight - divHeight + parseInt(document.body.scrollTop,10)
document.getElementById('eMeng').style.left = docWidth - divWidth + parseInt(document.body.scrollLeft,10)
}
catch(e){}
}
function closeDiv()
{
document.getElementById('eMeng').style.visibility='hidden';
if(objTimer) window.clearInterval(objTimer)
document.getElementById('eMeng').innerHTML = divBody;
}