翻译：用Application Updater Block生成一个自我更新的WinForms 应用

在过去的两个星期里, 我一直在做我的第一个真正的.net WinForm应用的开发. 这是一个很有趣的过程,我一直在疯了似的学习东西. 其中之一就是我要允许应用程序能够用微软的Application Updater Block进行自我更新。当它正常工作的那一刻，让我有一种很大的成就感，同时我也意识到微软没有提供那种按步骤顺序的例子。 Duncan Mackenzie 有一个很好的blog文章可以做一个开始，但是这个例子是VB做的并且没有提供RSA公钥和私钥的细节情况，所以我决定说一下我的工作过程。希望能对你有用！

Step #1 Install the Application Blocks

Download the Updater Application Block from Microsoft .

Run the MSI Installer.

Step #2 在项目中加入代码和引用:

把下列工程加入到你的WinForm工程所在的解决方案:

Microsoft.ApplicationBlocks.ApplicationUpdater

Microsoft.ApplicationBlocks.ApplicationUpdater.Interfaces

Microsoft.ApplicationBlocks.ExceptionManagement

Microsoft.ApplicationBlocks.ExceptionManagement.Interfaces

如果你选择默认安装的话，它们的位置可能是：

C:\Program Files\Microsoft Application Blocks for .NET\Updater\Code\CS\Microsoft.ApplicationBlocks.Updater

在你的WinForm工程中引用下列工程

Microsoft.ApplicationBlocks.ApplicationUpdater

Microsoft.ApplicationBlocks.ApplicationUpdater.Interfaces

Microsoft.ApplicationBlocks.ExceptionManagement

把下列命名空间加入到你Form的.cs文件中

using System.Runtime.InteropServices;

using System.Runtime.Serialization;

using System.Threading;

using System.Diagnostics;

using System.IO;

using System.Xml;

然后添加这个位置的应用程序更新代码到你的代码中. 你需要从你的MainForm初始化方法中调用 InitializeAutoUpdate()。

Step #3 生成你应用程序的发布目录结构并配置 AppStart.exe

生成一个用于客户端程序安装的目录. 本例子中，我们用如下的目录：

C:\Program Files\YourApp\1.0.0.0\

现在复制 AppStart.exe 和 AppStart.exe.config 到类似如下的根目录中

C:\Program Files\YourApp\AppStart.exe

C:\Program Files\YourApp\AppStart.exe.config

说明: 这两个文件你可以在如下目录中找到 “C:\Program Files\Microsoft Application Blocks for .NET\Updater\Code\CS\Microsoft.ApplicationBlocks.Updater\AppStart\bin\Debug“

Step #4 修改 AppStart.exe.config 文件

AppStart.exe 会启动你的应用程序，如果更新文件下载完成之后还有可能要重启. 它需要知道启动你最新的程序的目录位置.

修改配置文件以配合当前的版本:

<appFolderName>C:\Program Files\YourApp\1.0.0.0</appFolderName>

<appExeName>YourAppName.exe</appExeName>

</ClientApplicationInfo>

</appStart>

Step #5: 生成你的公钥和私钥

运行 "C:\Program Files\Microsoft Application Blocks for .NET\Updater\Code\CS\Microsoft.ApplicationBlocks.Updater\ManifestUtility\bin\Debug\ManifestUtility.exe"

选择 “File..Generate Keys” 会提示你是否需要保存: PublicKey.xml 和 PrivateKey.xml 这两个密钥接下来就会用到.

我这里要提醒大家，这些密钥只要生成一次就可以了, 因为下面几个地方需要引用到RSA公钥和私钥. 你需要把这些密钥存放在一个安全的地方，因为在发布一个新的更新的时候会用到它

Step #6 创建IIS 虚拟目录

在你的Web服务器上生成一个目录来存放你的更新文件. 在这两个目录中要放两样东西 1) ServerManifest.xml 文件，包含最后版本的一些信息；2) 你的新程序的目录. 在这个目录里，生成一个目录来存放你的新版本程序. 在我们的例子中，我们用这两个目录, C:\Inetpub\AppUpdates 和C:\Inetpub\AppUpdates\1.0.0.1

用 IIS 管理器生成一个虚拟目录指向刚才的实际目录. 记下你的 URL, 在上传步骤中我们需要用到它. 你必须要打开虚拟目录的“目录浏览”选项.

Step #7. 配置你的版本 1.0.0.0 的App.config 文件

这里，我们会需要往里添加一些新东西. 首先, 我们需要加入一个configSections 元素来定义我们的 appUpdater 节:

</configSections>

接下来，我们需要添加一个 Version 键到我们的 appsettings 中, 我们首先设置我们的本地版本为 1.0.0.0, 这样我们就可以测试自动更新到版本 1.0.0.1

</appSettings>

最后，, 加入 appUpdater 节到你的配置文件中. 我这里用一对方括号把你要修改的值包含起来. 你可以直接从你上一步生成的 PublicKey.xml文件中复制 <RSAKeyValue> 元素.

<xmlFile> 元素必须要指向你在Step #6创建的虚拟目录的 URL .

<downloader type="Microsoft.ApplicationBlocks.ApplicationUpdater.Downloaders.BITSDownloader"

assembly="Microsoft.ApplicationBlocks.ApplicationUpdater,Version=1.0.0.0,Culture=neutral,PublicKeyToken=null"/>

<key>

<Modulus>[YOUR MODULUS KEY]</Modulus>

<Exponent>[YOUR EXPONENET]</Exponent>

</RSAKeyValue>

</key>

</validator>

<baseDir>C:\Program Files\YourApp</baseDir>

<xmlFile>C:\Program Files\YourApp\AppStart.exe.config</xmlFile>

<tempDir>C:\Program Files\YourApp\temp</tempDir>

</client>

<xmlFile>http://[YOUR URL]/ServerManifest.xml</xmlFile>

<xmlFileDest>C:\Program Files\YourApp\ServerManifest.xml</xmlFileDest>

</server>

</application>

</UpdaterConfiguration>

</appUpdater>

Step #8 发布版本 1.0.0.0

设置应用程序版本号. 可以通过设置在 AssemblyInfo.cs 文件中的版本属性来设置版本号.

[assembly: AssemblyVersion("1.0.0.0")]

编译应用程序并复制 1.0.0.0 版程序到你程序的 1.0.0.0 目录中. “C:\Program Files\YourApp\1.0.0.0“

这里，你需要运行一下 AppStart.exe. 更新过程会失败，因为我们并没有把发布 ServerManifest XML 文件来指示应用程序新版本是否可用. 你可以检查日志文件，位置在 C:\Program Files\YourApp\ 目录中.

Step #9 构建版本 1.0.0.1

这是最有趣的部分. 首先, 通过更新应用程序的 AssemblyInfo.cs 和 App.config 文件内容来生成修订版本 1.0.0.1 . 编译程序, 然后复制文件到step #6生成的Web服务器目录中.

Step #10 生成服务器的清单文件

这个是最后一步. 如果你对本步骤中的.config文件作了任何修改的话，都必须把本步骤重来一遍. 做法如下:

再次运行 ManifestUtility 程序.

在 “Update files folder“ 选择器中选择 1.0.0.1 目录 .

输入更新位置的 URL .

输入新版本号 1.0.0.1

打开之前生成的 PrivateKey.xml 文件.

选择验证类 “Microsoft.ApplicationBlocks.ApplicationUpdater.Validators.RSAValidator”

鼠标点击 CreateManifest, 并保存 ServerManifest.xml 文件到你的虚拟服务器目录中.

就这些! Pheeew! 从你的 C:\Program Files\YourApp\ 目录中运行你的 AppStart.exe . 你的程序就会被装入, 当你的程序运行的时候，你就会得到一个提示 “新版本可用” . 新版本会下载到目录 C:\Program Files\YourApp\1.0.0.1 中, 然后程序会自动重启. 如果有任何问题, 记得检查一下日志文件. 这些日志在诊断问题的时候会很有用的.

-Brendan

posted on Thursday, June 10, 2004 11:25 AM

附录：文中步骤 #2 包含的代码如下：

Auto-Update Stuff#region Auto-Update Stuff

private ApplicationUpdateManager _updater = null;

private Thread _updaterThread = null;

private const int UPDATERTHREAD_JOIN_TIMEOUT = 3 * 1000;

private delegate void MarshalEventDelegate( object sender, UpdaterActionEventArgs e );

private void InitializeAutoUpdate()

{

// hook ProcessExit for a chance to clean up when closed peremptorily

AppDomain.CurrentDomain.ProcessExit +=new EventHandler(CurrentDomain_ProcessExit);

// make an Updater for use in-process with us

_updater = new ApplicationUpdateManager();

// hook Updater events

_updater.DownloadStarted +=new UpdaterActionEventHandler( OnUpdaterDownloadStarted );

_updater.FilesValidated +=new UpdaterActionEventHandler( OnUpdaterFilesValidated );

_updater.UpdateAvailable +=new UpdaterActionEventHandler( OnUpdaterUpdateAvailable );

_updater.DownloadCompleted +=new UpdaterActionEventHandler(OnUpdaterDownloadCompleted);

// start the updater on a separate thread so that our UI remains responsive

_updaterThread = new Thread( new ThreadStart( _updater.StartUpdater ) );

_updaterThread.Start();

// get version from config, set caption correctly

string version = System.Configuration.ConfigurationSettings.AppSettings["version"];

this.Text = this.Text + String.Format(" v. {0}", version);

}

private void CurrentDomain_ProcessExit(object sender, EventArgs e)

{

StopUpdater();

}

private void StopUpdater()

{

// tell updater to stop

_updater.StopUpdater();

if( null != _updaterThread )

{

// join the updater thread with a suitable timeout

bool isThreadJoined = _updaterThread.Join( UPDATERTHREAD_JOIN_TIMEOUT );

// check if we joined, if we didn't interrupt the thread

if( !isThreadJoined )

{

_updaterThread.Interrupt();

}

_updaterThread = null;

}

/**//// <summary>

/// This handler gets fired by the Windows UI thread that is the main STA thread for THIS FORM. It takes the same

/// arguments as the event handler below it--sender, e--and acts on them using the main thread NOT the eventing thread

/// </summary>

/// <param name="sender">marshalled reference to the original event's sender argument</param>

/// <param name="e">marshalled reference to the original event's args</param>

private void OnUpdaterDownloadStartedHandler( object sender, UpdaterActionEventArgs e )

{

Debug.WriteLine("Thread: " + Thread.CurrentThread.GetHashCode().ToString());

Debug.WriteLine(String.Format( " DownloadStarted for application '{0}'", e.ApplicationName ));

}

/**//// <summary>

/// Event handler for Updater event. This event is fired by the originating thread from "inside" the Updater. While it is

/// possible for this same thread to act on our UI, it is NOT a good thing to do--UI is not threadsafe.

/// Therefore here we marshal from the Eventing thread (belongs to Updater) to our window thread using the synchronous Invoke

/// mechanism.

/// </summary>

/// <param name="sender">event sender in this case ApplicationUpdaterManager</param>

/// <param name="e">the UpdaterActionEventArgs packaged by Updater, which gives us access to update information</param>

private void OnUpdaterDownloadStarted( object sender, UpdaterActionEventArgs e )

{

// using the synchronous "Invoke". This marshals from the eventing thread--which comes from the Updater and should not

// be allowed to enter and "touch" the UI's window thread

// so we use Invoke which allows us to block the Updater thread at will while only allowing window thread to update UI

Debug.WriteLine( String.Format( "[OnUpdaterDownloadStarted]Thread: {0}", Thread.CurrentThread.GetHashCode().ToString()) );

this.Invoke(

new MarshalEventDelegate( this.OnUpdaterDownloadStartedHandler ),

new object[] { sender, e } );

}

/**//// <summary>

/// This handler gets fired by the Windows UI thread that is the main STA thread for THIS FORM. It takes the same

/// arguments as the event handler below it--sender, e--and acts on them using the main thread NOT the eventing thread

/// </summary>

/// <param name="sender">marshalled reference to the original event's sender argument</param>

/// <param name="e">marshalled reference to the original event's args</param>

private void OnUpdaterFilesValidatedHandler( object sender, UpdaterActionEventArgs e )

{

Debug.WriteLine(String.Format("FilesValidated successfully for application '{0}' ", e.ApplicationName));

// ask user to use new app

DialogResult dialog = MessageBox.Show(

"Would you like to stop this application and open the new version?", "Open New Version?", MessageBoxButtons.YesNo );

if( DialogResult.Yes == dialog )

{

StartNewVersion( e.ServerInformation );

}

/**//// <summary>

/// Event handler for Updater event. This event is fired by the originating thread from "inside" the Updater. While it is

/// possible for this same thread to act on our UI, it is NOT a good thing to do--UI is not threadsafe.

/// Therefore here we marshal from the Eventing thread (belongs to Updater) to our window thread using the synchronous Invoke

/// mechanism.

/// </summary>

/// <param name="sender">event sender in this case ApplicationUpdaterManager</param>

/// <param name="e">the UpdaterActionEventArgs packaged by Updater, which gives us access to update information</param>

private void OnUpdaterFilesValidated( object sender, UpdaterActionEventArgs e )

{

// using the asynchronous "BeginInvoke".

// we don't need/want to block here

this.BeginInvoke(

new MarshalEventDelegate( this.OnUpdaterFilesValidatedHandler ),

new object[] { sender, e } );

}

/**//// <summary>

/// This handler gets fired by the Windows UI thread that is the main STA thread for THIS FORM. It takes the same

/// arguments as the event handler below it--sender, e--and acts on them using the main thread NOT the eventing thread

/// </summary>

/// <param name="sender">marshalled reference to the original event's sender argument</param>

/// <param name="e">marshalled reference to the original event's args</param>

private void OnUpdaterUpdateAvailableHandler( object sender, UpdaterActionEventArgs e )

{

Debug.WriteLine("Thread: " + Thread.CurrentThread.GetHashCode().ToString());

string message = String.Format(

"Update available: The new version on the server is {0} and current version is {1} would you like to upgrade?",

e.ServerInformation.AvailableVersion,

System.Configuration.ConfigurationSettings.AppSettings["version"] ) ;

// for update available we actually WANT to block the downloading thread so we can refuse an update

// and reset until next polling cycle;

// NOTE that we don't block the thread _in the UI_, we have it blocked at the marshalling dispatcher "OnUpdaterUpdateAvailable"

DialogResult dialog = MessageBox.Show( message, "Update Available", MessageBoxButtons.YesNo );

if( DialogResult.No == dialog )

{

// if no, stop the updater for this app

_updater.StopUpdater( e.ApplicationName );

Debug.WriteLine("Update Cancelled.");

}

else

{

Debug.WriteLine("Update in progress.");

}

/**//// <summary>

/// Event handler for Updater event. This event is fired by the originating thread from "inside" the Updater. While it is

/// possible for this same thread to act on our UI, it is NOT a good thing to do--UI is not threadsafe.

/// Therefore here we marshal from the Eventing thread (belongs to Updater) to our window thread using the synchronous Invoke

/// mechanism.

/// </summary>

/// <param name="sender">event sender in this case ApplicationUpdaterManager</param>

/// <param name="e">the UpdaterActionEventArgs packaged by Updater, which gives us access to update information</param>

private void OnUpdaterUpdateAvailable( object sender, UpdaterActionEventArgs e )

{

// using the synchronous "Invoke". This marshals from the eventing thread--which comes from the Updater and should not

// be allowed to enter and "touch" the UI's window thread

// so we use Invoke which allows us to block the Updater thread at will while only allowing window thread to update UI

this.Invoke(

new MarshalEventDelegate( this.OnUpdaterUpdateAvailableHandler ),

new object[] { sender, e } );

}

/**//// <summary>

/// This handler gets fired by the Windows UI thread that is the main STA thread for THIS FORM. It takes the same

/// arguments as the event handler below it--sender, e--and acts on them using the main thread NOT the eventing thread

/// </summary>

/// <param name="sender">marshalled reference to the original event's sender argument</param>

/// <param name="e">marshalled reference to the original event's args</param>

private void OnUpdaterDownloadCompletedHandler( object sender, UpdaterActionEventArgs e )

{

Debug.WriteLine("Download Completed.");

}

/**//// <summary>

/// Event handler for Updater event. This event is fired by the originating thread from "inside" the Updater. While it is

/// possible for this same thread to act on our UI, it is NOT a good thing to do--UI is not threadsafe.

/// Therefore here we marshal from the Eventing thread (belongs to Updater) to our window thread using the synchronous Invoke

/// mechanism.

/// </summary>

/// <param name="sender">event sender in this case ApplicationUpdaterManager</param>

/// <param name="e">the UpdaterActionEventArgs packaged by Updater, which gives us access to update information</param>

private void OnUpdaterDownloadCompleted( object sender, UpdaterActionEventArgs e )

{

// using the synchronous "Invoke". This marshals from the eventing thread--which comes from the Updater and should not

// be allowed to enter and "touch" the UI's window thread

// so we use Invoke which allows us to block the Updater thread at will while only allowing window thread to update UI

this.Invoke(

new MarshalEventDelegate( this.OnUpdaterDownloadCompletedHandler ),

new object[] { sender, e } );

}

private void StartNewVersion( ServerApplicationInfo server )

{

XmlDocument doc = new XmlDocument();

// load config file to get base dir

doc.Load( AppDomain.CurrentDomain.SetupInformation.ConfigurationFile );

// get the base dir

string baseDir = doc.SelectSingleNode("configuration/appUpdater/UpdaterConfiguration/application/client/baseDir").InnerText;

string newDir = Path.Combine( baseDir, "AppStart.exe" );

ProcessStartInfo process = new ProcessStartInfo( newDir );

process.WorkingDirectory = Path.Combine( newDir , server.AvailableVersion );

// launch new version (actually, launch AppStart.exe which HAS pointer to new version )

Process.Start( process );

// tell updater to stop

CurrentDomain_ProcessExit( null, null );

// leave this app

Environment.Exit( 0 );

}