下载安装Tomcat & MySQLTomcat目前版本为 5.0.28
下载地址: http://jakarta.apache.org/site/binindex.cgi
Tomcat配置
如果出现
Unable to find a javac compiler;
com.sun.tools.javac.Main is not on the classpath.
Perhaps JAVA_HOME does not point to the JDK
...
Tomcat ClassPath配置如下： C:\Program Files\Apache Software Foundation\Tomcat 5.0\bin\bootstrap.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.5.0\lib\tools.jar
MySQL目前版本为 4.0.21
下载地址: http://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/4.0.html
MySQL配置 c:\mysql\bin>mysqld //启动mysql的服务进程
c:\mysql\bin\mysql -uroot //连接到mysql数据库
mysql>update user set password=PASSWORD('<new_root_password>') where user='root';
mysql>flush privileges;
上面的操作是修改root用户的密码，'<new_root_password>'是你设置的密码。
mysql>create database gamedb; //创建gamedb库
mysql>connect gamedb; //连接到gamedb库
mysql>source gamedb.sql; //gamedb初始化建表
mysql>GRANT SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE, INDEX, ALTER,
CREATE, DROP, REFERENCES, LOCK TABLES,
CREATE TEMPORARY TABLES
ON gamedb.* TO gamedb@localhost IDENTIFIED BY '<gamedb_password>';
mysql>flush privileges;
上面是建立gamedb用户，<gamedb_password>为gamedb用户的密码。
mysql>exit;//退出
下载MySQL JDBCConnector/J 3.0.15-ga (MySQL.com提供的JDBC Driver)
下载地址:http://dev.mysql.com/downloads/connector/j/3.0.html
安装JDBCmysql-connector-java-3.0.15-ga.zip解压后将mysql-connector-java-3.0.15-ga-bin.jar 复制到%TOMCAT_HOME%\common\lib下
配置Tomcat
假设：数据库：gamedb 用户名：gamedb 密码：gamedb
第一步: http://127.0.0.1:8080，进入tomcat页，用tomcat的 Tomcat Administration--->Resources--->Data Sources页面添加，参数如下： JNDI Name: jdbc/mysql
Data Source URL: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/gamedb?autoReconnect=true&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=GB2312
JDBC Driver Class: com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
User Name: gamedb
Password: gamedb
Max. Active Connections: 4
Max. Idle Connections: 2
Max. Wait for Connection:5000
Validation Query ：//不添
第二步: 试页内加入代码你自己在mysql里建个表检单测试一下吧，我这里以ght_users表为例，在你的应用下做一个测试用的test.jsp，然后http访问这个jsp页，test.jsp代码如下 <%@ page contentType = "text/html; charset=gb2312" %>
<%@ page import = "java.sql.*" %>
<%@ page import = "javax.naming.*" %>
<%@ page import = "javax.sql.*" %>
<%
Context ctx=null;
DataSource ds=null;
Connection conn=null;
Statement stmt=null;
ResultSet rs=null;
try{
ctx = new InitialContext();
if( ctx == null )
out.println("no context");
ds = (DataSource) ctx.lookup("java:comp/env/jdbc/mysql");
if( ds == null )
out.println("no datasource");
conn = ds.getConnection();
stmt = conn.createStatement(ResultSet.TYPE_SCROLL_SENSITIVE,
ResultSet.CONCUR_READ_ONLY);
String strSql = " select * from ght_users";
rs = stmt.executeQuery(strSql);
while(rs.next()){
out.println(rs.getString(1));
}
}
catch(Exception ex){
ex.printStackTrace();
out.println(ex.toString());
}
finally{
if( rs != null )
rs.close();
if( stmt != null )
stmt.close();
if( conn != null)
conn.close();
if( ctx != null )
ctx.close();
}
%>
常见问题
Q:出现javax.naming.NameNotFoundException: Name jdbc is not bound in this Context A: 在yourWebApp\WEB-INF\web.xml中增加 <resource-ref>
<description>jdbc/mysql</description>
<res-ref-name>jdbc/mysql</res-ref-name>
<res-type>javax.sql.DataSource</res-type>
<res-auth>Container</res-auth>
</resource-ref>
Q:出现org.apache.commons.dbcp.SQLNestedException: Cannot create JDBC driver of class '?' for onnect URL 'null'，这是为什么？
A: 在%TOMCAT_HOME%\conf\Catalina\localhost下找到你的web应用对应的.xml文件，如test.xml，并在此文件的下添入代码： <ResourceLink name="jdbc/mysql" global="jdbc/mysql" type="javax.sql.DataSourcer"/>
重启tomcat。
注意：
for tomcat-5.0.18
i use ROOT in tomcat as by web app i put the following entry in E:\jakarta-tomcat-5.0.18\conf\Catalina\localhost\ROOT.xml file
for tomcat-4.1.18
i use ROOT in tomcat as my webapp i put the following entry in E:\qrules\tomcat\jakarta-tomcat-4.1.18\conf\server.xml
<ResourceLink name="jdbc/quickstart" type="javax.sql.DataSource" global="jdbc/quickstart"/>
Web界面配DBCP时，生成的是服务器的全局JNDI资源，查看%TOMCAT_HOME%\conf\server.xml可以得知tomcat修改了server.xml，在<server>下的<GlobalNamingResources>下添入了一些数据后的server.xml：
<?xml version='1.0' encoding='utf-8'?>
<Server>
<Listener className="org.apache.catalina.mbeans.ServerLifecycleListener"/>
<Listener className="org.apache.catalina.mbeans.GlobalResourcesLifecycleListener"/>
<GlobalNamingResources>
<Environment name="simpleValue" type="java.lang.Integer" value="30"/>
<Resource auth="Container" description="User database that can be updated and saved" name="UserDatabase" type="org.apache.catalina.UserDatabase"/>
<Resource name="jdbc/mysql" type="javax.sql.DataSource"/>
<ResourceParams name="UserDatabase">
<parameter>
<name>factory</name>
<value>org.apache.catalina.users.MemoryUserDatabaseFactory</value>
</parameter>
<parameter>
<name>pathname</name>
<value>conf/tomcat-users.xml</value>
</parameter>
</ResourceParams>
<ResourceParams name="jdbc/mysql">
<parameter>
<name>maxWait</name>
<value>5000</value>
</parameter>
<parameter>
<name>maxActive</name>
<value>4</value>
</parameter>
<parameter>
<name>password</name>
<value>gamedb</value>
</parameter>
<parameter>
<name>url</name>
<value>jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/gamedb?autoReconnect=true&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=GB2312</value>
</parameter>
<parameter>
<name>driverClassName</name>
<value>com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</value>
</parameter>
<parameter>
<name>maxIdle</name>
<value>2</value>
</parameter>
<parameter>
<name>username</name>
<value>gamedb</value>
</parameter>
<parameter>
<name>factory</name>
<value>org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSourceFactory</value>
</parameter>
</ResourceParams>
</GlobalNamingResources>
<Service name="Catalina">
<Connector acceptCount="100" connectionTimeout="20000" disableUploadTimeout="true" port="8080" redirectPort="8443" maxSpareThreads="75" maxThreads="150" minSpareThreads="25">
</Connector>
<Connector port="8009" protocol="AJP/1.3" protocolHandlerClassName="org.apache.jk.server.JkCoyoteHandler" redirectPort="8443">
</Connector>
<Engine defaultHost="localhost" name="Catalina">
<Host appBase="webapps" name="localhost">
<Logger className="org.apache.catalina.logger.FileLogger" prefix="localhost_log." suffix=".txt" timestamp="true"/>
</Host>
<Logger className="org.apache.catalina.logger.FileLogger" prefix="catalina_log." suffix=".txt" timestamp="true"/>
<Realm className="org.apache.catalina.realm.UserDatabaseRealm"/>
</Engine>
</Service>
</Server>
Q:如何配制DBCP只应用于指定的web application呢？
A：tomcat 5.x以后将web application的从server.xml里分离了出来，放在了 %TOMCAT_HOME%\conf\Catalina\localhost下，如你的应用为test, 那么在这个目录下就会有一个相应的test.xml与之对应，如： <?xml version='1.0' encoding='utf-8'?>
<Context displayName="Tomcat Test Application"
docBase="C:/Program Files/Apache Software Foundation/Tomcat 5.5/server/webapps/test" path="/test" privileged="true" workDir="work\Catalina\localhost\test">
...
</Context>
Q:我如何解决中乱码问题？
A：在配制mysql的数据库url时我们加入了useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=GB2312参数，指定数据库编码方式为GB2312，其它还需要做的就是常用的一些方式，如指定 <%@ page contentType = "text/html; charset=gb2312" %>、使用filter等，这方面的资料很多，这里不再累述。
这里需要注意的是url中的“&“符号，如果手动在.xml内配制时，需将其转换为“&”
