BCB之Socket通信
曾棕根
山水清音阁：http://blog.csdn.net/ssqy
2/26/2005 11:15:32 PM
Socket套接字：每个套接字由IP地址+服务号码（称之为端口port）组成。数据传输之后，必须释放和撤销连接。
TclientSocket和TserverSocket两个网络组件，位于Internet页。
TserverSocket：
1. Port属性：int型，设置端口号，如6767
2. Activate属性：bool型，设置监听：true；关闭监听：false
3. OnListen事件：侦听连接形成之前，发生此事件
4. OnAccept事件：接受了某客户端连接请求后发生此事件
5. OnClientRead事件：通过此事件，从套接字读出数据（从客户端发来的）
6. OnClientWrite事件：通过此事件，可以对套接字写入数据
TclientSocket：
1. Address属性：服务器IP地址
2. Host属性：服务器主机名称，当Host和Address都指定时，TclientSocket将使用Host属性工作
3. Port属性： int型，设置套接字端口号，如6767
4. Activate属性：true：与服务器建立连接；false：与服务器断开连接
5. OnLookup事件：在定位服务器套接字之前，发生此事件
6. OnConnecting事件：在服务器套接字被定位后，发生此事件
7. OnConnect事件：与服务器建立连接后，发生此事件
8. OnRead事件：通过此事件，可从连接套接字读出数据
9. OnWrite事件：通过此事件，可对套接字写入数据
10. OnDisConnect事件：在与服务器断开连接时，发生此事件
一个网络聊天程序例子：
服务器：
1. port:6767
2. 代码：
///---------------------------------------------------------------------------
#include <vcl.h>
#pragma hdrstop
#include "Unit1.h"
///---------------------------------------------------------------------------
#pragma package(smart_init)
#pragma resource "*.dfm"
TForm1 *Form1;
///---------------------------------------------------------------------------
__fastcall TForm1::TForm1(TComponent* Owner)
: TForm(Owner)
{
}
///---------------------------------------------------------------------------
void __fastcall TForm1::Button1Click(TObject *Sender)
{
///发送信息
AnsiString Msg=Edit1->Text+ "：" + Edit2->Text;
Edit2->Text="";
Memo1->Lines->Add(Msg);
///将信息发送到所有客户端
for(int i=0;i<ServerSocket1->Socket->ActiveConnections;i++)
ServerSocket1->Socket->Connections[i]->SendText(Msg);
}
///---------------------------------------------------------------------------
void __fastcall TForm1::ServerSocket1Accept(TObject *Sender,
TCustomWinSocket *Socket)
{
///服务器接收客户端请求后发生Accept事件
AnsiString Msg="服务器消息：" + Socket->RemoteHost +"进入了聊天室";
///向所有客户端发送消息
for(int i=0;i<ServerSocket1->Socket->ActiveConnections;i++)
ServerSocket1->Socket->Connections[i]->SendText(Msg);
///在自己的信息栏中加入该信息
Memo1->Lines->Add(Msg);
}
///---------------------------------------------------------------------------
void __fastcall TForm1::ServerSocket1ClientRead(TObject *Sender,
TCustomWinSocket *Socket)
{
///从套接字中读出数据
AnsiString Msg=Socket->ReceiveText();
//把信息发送到所有客户端
for(int i=0;i<ServerSocket1->Socket->ActiveConnections;i++)
ServerSocket1->Socket->Connections[i]->SendText(Msg);
///在自己的信息栏上加入该信息
Memo1->Lines->Add(Msg);
}
///---------------------------------------------------------------------------
void __fastcall TForm1::FormCreate(TObject *Sender)
{
Edit1->Text="";
Edit2->Text="";
}
///---------------------------------------------------------------------------
void __fastcall TForm1::Button2Click(TObject *Sender)
{
ServerSocket1->Port=StrToInt(Edit3->Text);
ServerSocket1->Active=true;
Shape1->Visible=true;
}
///---------------------------------------------------------------------------
void __fastcall TForm1::Button3Click(TObject *Sender)
{
ServerSocket1->Active=false;
Shape1->Visible=false;
}
///---------------------------------------------------------------------------
客户端：
1. Address:127.0.0.1（服务器IP地址）
2. Port:6767(服务器的端口号)
3. 代码
///---------------------------------------------------------------------------
#include <vcl.h>
#pragma hdrstop
#include "Unit1.h"
///---------------------------------------------------------------------------
#pragma package(smart_init)
#pragma resource "*.dfm"
TForm1 *Form1;
///---------------------------------------------------------------------------
__fastcall TForm1::TForm1(TComponent* Owner)
: TForm(Owner)
{
}
///---------------------------------------------------------------------------
void __fastcall TForm1::Button1Click(TObject *Sender)
{
AnsiString Msg=Edit1->Text + "：" + Edit2->Text;
Memo1->Lines->Add(Msg);
Edit2->Text="";
///向服务器发送信息
ClientSocket1->Socket->SendText(Msg);
}
//---------------------------------------------------------------------------
void __fastcall TForm1::ClientSocket1Read(TObject *Sender,
TCustomWinSocket *Socket)
{
///客户端读取信息
AnsiString Msg=Socket->ReceiveText();
///判断是不是自己发出的信息
if(Msg!=Memo1->Lines->Strings[Memo1->Lines->Count-1])
Memo1->Lines->Add(Msg);
}
///---------------------------------------------------------------------------
void __fastcall TForm1::FormCreate(TObject *Sender)
{
Edit1->Text="";
Edit2->Text="";
}
///---------------------------------------------------------------------------
void __fastcall TForm1::Button2Click(TObject *Sender)
{
ClientSocket1->Address=Edit3->Text;
ClientSocket1->Port=StrToInt(Edit4->Text);
ClientSocket1->Active=true;
}
///---------------------------------------------------------------------------
void __fastcall TForm1::Button3Click(TObject *Sender)
{
ClientSocket1->Active=false;
}
///---------------------------------------------------------------------------
void __fastcall TForm1::ClientSocket1Connect(TObject *Sender,
TCustomWinSocket *Socket)
{
AnsiString Msg="连接成功，[主机]" + Socket->RemoteHost +"[主机地址]" + Socket->RemoteAddress + "[主机监听端口]" + IntToStr(Socket->RemotePort);
ShowMessage(Msg);
}
///---------------------------------------------------------------------------
void __fastcall TForm1::ClientSocket1Disconnect(TObject *Sender,
TCustomWinSocket *Socket)
{
Socket->SendText(Edit1->Text + "下线了");
///ClientSocket1->Socket->SendText(Edit1->Text + "下线了");
ShowMessage("已断开连接");
}
///---------------------------------------------------------------------------正文