方法一:导出到csv文件,存放在服务器端任一路径,然后给客户下载
优点:
1、可以进行身份认证后给客户下载,如果放到非web目录就没有对应的url,客户无法随时下载。
2、也是因为生成了文件,所以占用了服务器的空间,但是可以把文件名存放到数据库,再次给客户下载的时候不需要重复生成文件。
3、csv文件是文本文件,逗号隔开字段,回车隔开行,易于数据导入导出。
实现方法:
SqlConnection conn=new SqlConnection(System.Configuration.ConfigurationSettings.AppSettings["conn"]);
SqlDataAdapter da=new SqlDataAdapter("select * from tb1",conn);
DataSet ds=new DataSet();
da.Fill(ds,"table1");
DataTable dt=ds.Tables["table1"];
string name=System.Configuration.ConfigurationSettings.AppSettings["downloadurl"].ToString()+DateTime.Today.ToString("yyyyMMdd")+new Random(DateTime.Now.Millisecond).Next(10000).ToString()+".csv";//存放到web.config中downloadurl指定的路径,文件格式为当前日期+4位随机数
FileStream fs=new FileStream(name,FileMode.Create,FileAccess.Write);
StreamWriter sw=new StreamWriter(fs,System.Text.Encoding.GetEncoding("gb2312"));
sw.WriteLine("自动编号,姓名,年龄");
foreach(DataRow dr in dt.Rows)
{
sw.WriteLine(dr["ID"]+","+dr["vName"]+","+dr["iAge"]);
}
sw.Close();
Response.AddHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment; filename=" + Server.UrlEncode(name));
Response.ContentType = "application/ms-excel";// 指定返回的是一个不能被客户端读取的流,必须被下载
Response.WriteFile(name); // 把文件流发送到客户端
Response.End();
方法二:导出到csv文件,不存放到服务器,直接给浏览器输出文件流
优点:
1、随时生成,不需要占用资源
2、可以结合身份认证
3、同样利于数据交换
实现方法:
SqlConnection conn=new SqlConnection(System.Configuration.ConfigurationSettings.AppSettings["conn"]);
SqlDataAdapter da=new SqlDataAdapter("select * from tb1",conn);
DataSet ds=new DataSet();
da.Fill(ds,"table1");
DataTable dt=ds.Tables["table1"];
StringWriter sw=new StringWriter();
sw.WriteLine("自动编号,姓名,年龄");
foreach(DataRow dr in dt.Rows)
{
sw.WriteLine(dr["ID"]+","+dr["vName"]+","+dr["iAge"]);
}
sw.Close();
Response.AddHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment; filename=test.csv");
Response.ContentType = "application/ms-excel";
Response.ContentEncoding=System.Text.Encoding.GetEncoding("GB2312");
Response.Write(sw);
Response.End();
方法三:从datagrid导出html代码,生成excel文件,给客户端下载
优点:
1、有固定的格式,样子好看(datagrid的样子)
局限性:
1、不适合数据交换,里面有html代码,比较乱,没有固定格式
2、datagrid不能有分页、排序等,否则出错
实现方法:
Response.Clear();
Response.Buffer= false;
Response.Charset="GB2312";
Response.AppendHeader("Content-Disposition","attachment;filename=test.xls");
Response.ContentEncoding=System.Text.Encoding.GetEncoding("GB2312"); Response.ContentType = "application/ms-excel"; this.EnableViewState = false;
System.IO.StringWriter oStringWriter = new System.IO.StringWriter();
System.Web.UI.HtmlTextWriter oHtmlTextWriter = new System.Web.UI.HtmlTextWriter(oStringWriter);
this.DataGrid1.RenderControl(oHtmlTextWriter);
Response.Write(oStringWriter.ToString());
Response.End();