新兴开放源码J2EE应用平台

注：这是两年前写的了，现在jbuilder已经用2005了，JBoss也用4。x了，mysql也用5.0了，新的功能

所能实现的功能毫无疑问不止这些，有时间再补上！

一．平台架构描述

本平台由三部分组成，开发环境、应用服务器环境和数据存储环境；

1． J2EE开发环境

JBuilder 7 企业版配合JBoss 3.0.0，开发环境配置如下：

a) 配置数据库连接驱动，我们使用MySql, 因此需要配置mysql_odbc或mysql_jdbc，其中如果使用jdbc的话，需要建立新的库，此库包含了mysql_jdbc驱动，并把该库加入到项目库中；

b) 配置JBoss的JBuider 7插件（配合插图）：

i. 首先把插件打包文件拷贝到JBuider 7/lib/ext目录中；

ii. 启动JBuilder, 在工具菜单中选择配置服务器；

iii. 从服务器列表中选择JBoss 3x；

iv. 然后选中“启用服务器”复选框；

v. 选择JBoss的安装目录，此时切换到“定制页”；

vi. 选择JBoss的起始目录和工作目录，最后确认提交；

vii. 并重启JBuilder，在项目属性里配置自己需要的服务器：其中，运行时服务器为Tomcat 4.0，项目服务器为不同模块服务对应不同的服务器；

2． J2EE应用服务器

应用服务器有三个模块组成：JBoss 3.0.0, Tomcat 4.0.3, Apache 2.0.4;

c) JBoss主要提供EJB等企业级组件和其他相关服务，其配置如下：

i. 首先，要配置java 1.4.1平台，即设置Java_home和classpath;

ii. 其次，解压JBoss（内嵌Tomcat 4）到特定文件夹；

d) 配置阿帕奇到tomcat的连接：

i. 修改apache的配置文件httpd.conf

Listen *:80(在所有地址上监听80端口)

ServerName Apache

DirectoryIndex index.html index.html.var index.html.en index.jsp（添加自己需要的目录起始文件名）

DefaultType application/octet-stream（使服务器可以处多种类型的文档）

AddDefaultCharset GB2312（自己需要的响应缺省字符集）

ServerName Apache

DirectoryIndex index.php index.html index.htm index.shtml index.html.en index.jsp（目录起始文件名）

ErrorLog logs/dummy-host.example.com-error_log

CustomLog logs/dummy-host.example.com-access_log common

（虚拟主机）

Include D:/Apache2/Apache2/conf/JK//mod_jk.conf（包含mod_jk的配置文件）

ii.mod_jk.conf的内容如下实例

LoadModule jk_module D:/Apache2/Apache2/conf/JK//mod_jk.dll

JkLogLevel info

JkOptions +ForwardKeySize +ForwardURICompat

JkWorkersFile D:/Apache2/Apache2/conf/JK/workers.properties

JkLogFile D:/Apache2/Apache2/conf/JK//mod_jk.log

JkMount /*.jsp ajp13

JkMount /servlet/* ajp13

Alias /test "E:/Room/testonline2.5/defaultroot"

Options Indexes FollowSymLinks MultiViews IncludesNoExec

AddOutputFilter Includes html

AllowOverride None

Order allow,deny

Allow from all

JkMount /test/servlet/* ajp13

JkMount /test/*.jsp ajp13

AllowOverride None

deny from all

Alias /account "E:/Room/wsopt/account"

Options Indexes FollowSymLinks MultiViews IncludesNoExec

AddOutputFilter Includes html

AllowOverride None

Order allow,deny

Allow from all

JkMount /account/* ajp13

JkMount /account/*.jsp ajp13

AllowOverride None

deny from all

iii.ajp13工作的配置文件workers.properties描述如下：

workers.tomcat.home=%tomcat_home%

workers.java.home=%java_home%

ps=

worker.list=ajp13

worker.ajp13.port=8009

worker.ajp13.host=localhost

worker.ajp13.type=ajp13

worker.ajp13.1bfactor=1

参考：

# workers.properties -

# This file provides jk derived plugins with the needed information to

# connect to the different tomcat workers. Note that the distributed

# version of this file requires modification before it is usable by a

# plugin.

# As a general note, the characters $( and ) are used internally to define

# macros. Do not use them in your own configuration!!!

# Whenever you see a set of lines such as:

# x=value

# y=$(x)\something

# the final value for y will be value\something

# Normaly all you will need to do is un-comment and modify the first three

# properties, i.e. workers.tomcat_home, workers.java_home and ps.

# Most of the configuration is derived from these.

# When you are done updating workers.tomcat_home, workers.java_home and ps

# you should have 3 workers configured:

# - An ajp12 worker that connects to localhost:8007

# - An ajp13 worker that connects to localhost:8009

# - A jni inprocess worker.

# - A load balancer worker

# However by default the plugins will only use the ajp12 worker. To have

# the plugins use other workers you should modify the worker.list property.

# OPTIONS ( very important for jni mode )

# workers.tomcat_home should point to the location where you

# installed tomcat. This is where you have your conf, webapps and lib

# directories.

workers.tomcat_home=C:/Apache Tomcat 4.0

# workers.java_home should point to your Java installation. Normally

# you should have a bin and lib directories beneath it.

workers.java_home=c:/j2se

# You should configure your environment slash... ps=\ on NT and / on UNIX

# and maybe something different elsewhere.

ps=

#------ ADVANCED MODE ------------------------------------------------

#---------------------------------------------------------------------

#------ DEFAULT worket list ------------------------------------------

#---------------------------------------------------------------------

# The workers that your plugins should create and work with

# Add 'inprocess' if you want JNI connector

worker.list=ajp13,ajp12

# , inprocess

#------ DEFAULT ajp12 WORKER DEFINITION ------------------------------

#---------------------------------------------------------------------

# Defining a worker named ajp12 and of type ajp12

# Note that the name and the type do not have to match.

worker.ajp12.port=8007

worker.ajp12.host=localhost

worker.ajp12.type=ajp12

# Specifies the load balance factor when used with

# a load balancing worker.

# Note:

# ---- lbfactor must be 0

# ---- Low lbfactor means less work done by the worker.

worker.ajp12.lbfactor=1

#------ DEFAULT ajp13 WORKER DEFINITION ------------------------------

#---------------------------------------------------------------------

# Defining a worker named ajp13 and of type ajp13

# Note that the name and the type do not have to match.

worker.ajp13.port=8009

worker.ajp13.host=localhost

worker.ajp13.type=ajp13

# Specifies the load balance factor when used with

# a load balancing worker.

# Note:

# ---- lbfactor must be 0

# ---- Low lbfactor means less work done by the worker.

worker.ajp13.lbfactor=1

# Specify the size of the open connection cache.

#worker.ajp13.cachesize

#------ DEFAULT LOAD BALANCER WORKER DEFINITION ----------------------

#---------------------------------------------------------------------

# The loadbalancer (type lb) workers perform wighted round-robin

# load balancing with sticky sessions.

# Note:

# ---- If a worker dies, the load balancer will check its state

# once in a while. Until then all work is redirected to peer

# workers.

worker.loadbalancer.type=lb

worker.loadbalancer.balanced_workers=ajp13,ajp12

#------ DEFAULT JNI WORKER DEFINITION---------------------------------

#---------------------------------------------------------------------

# Defining a worker named inprocess and of type jni

# Note that the name and the type do not have to match.

worker.inprocess.type=jni

#------ CLASSPATH DEFINITION -----------------------------------------

#---------------------------------------------------------------------

# Additional class path components.

worker.inprocess.class_path=$(workers.tomcat_home)$(ps)lib$(ps)tomcat.jar

# Setting the command line for tomcat.

# Note: The cmd_line string may not contain spaces.

worker.inprocess.cmd_line=start

# Not needed, but can be customized.

#worker.inprocess.cmd_line=-config

#worker.inprocess.cmd_line=$(workers.tomcat_home)$(ps)conf$(ps)server.xml

#worker.inprocess.cmd_line=-home

#worker.inprocess.cmd_line=$(workers.tomcat_home)

# The JVM that we are about to use

# This is for Java2

# Windows

worker.inprocess.jvm_lib=$(workers.java_home)$(ps)jre$(ps)bin$(ps)client$(ps)jvm.dll

# IBM JDK1.3

#worker.inprocess.jvm_lib=$(workers.java_home)$(ps)jre$(ps)bin$(ps)classic$(ps)libjvm.so

# Unix - Sun VM or blackdown

#worker.inprocess.jvm_lib=$(workers.java_home)$(ps)jre$(ps)lib$(ps)i386$(ps)client$(ps)libjvm.so

# And this is for jdk1.1.X

#worker.inprocess.jvm_lib=$(workers.java_home)$(ps)bin$(ps)javai.dll

# Setting the place for the stdout and stderr of tomcat

worker.inprocess.stdout=$(workers.tomcat_home)$(ps)logs$(ps)inprocess.stdout

worker.inprocess.stderr=$(workers.tomcat_home)$(ps)logs$(ps)inprocess.stderr

# Setting the tomcat.home Java property

#worker.inprocess.sysprops=tomcat.home=$(workers.tomcat_home)

# Java system properties

# worker.inprocess.sysprops=java.compiler=NONE

# worker.inprocess.sysprops=myprop=mypropvalue

# Additional path components.

# worker.inprocess.ld_path=d:$(ps)SQLLIB$(ps)bin

iv.在tomcat的主配置文件server.xml中加入以下内容:

在中加入ajp13服务的请求监听器：

在中加入ajp13主机的监听器：

v. 另外要检查tomcat是否启动了ajp13服务，如果没有启动，要在tomcat主配置文件中加入启动该服务的描述：

iii.注意：apache的要与tomcat的一一对应。

3．数据存储环境

数据存储环境采用MySQL, 该数据库具有速度快，sql标准等特点。可以采用两种方式与之建立连接关系，即odbc和jdbc，前者是比较成熟的，而jdbc却会导致汉字乱码，原因是该数据库没有默认的字符集，仅在应用服务器上建立odbc数据源是可以接受的。

4．该平台所需的文件列表如下：

a) mod_jk.dll

b) MyODBC-3.51.04.exe

c) j2sdk-1_4_1-windows-i586.exe

d) apache_2.0.40-win32-x86-no_ssl.exe

e) mysql-max-3.23.52-win.zip

f) mysqlgui-win32-static-1.7.5-2.zip

g) mysql-connector-java-2.0.14.zip

h) JBossEntWizard3x_v2.2.1_JBuilder7.zip

i) jboss-3.0.0_tomcat-4.0.3.zip

二．平台应用程序部署

1. Web应用程序部署

a) Web应用程序打包（.war）后放入%jboss_home%/server/default/deploy下，系统将能够自动部署，虚拟目录名就是包名；

b) 把打包文件解压到一特定文件夹，在阿帕奇的主配置文件中加入一个新的、别名与jboss的虚拟目录相同的虚拟目录（真实目录指向解压后的特定文件夹）

2. 企业应用程序部署

a) 在JBuilder中，同一个项目下建立ejb应用程序；

b) 配置ejb的jndi名；

c) 配置web应用程序的ejb属性，即ejb-ref-name, ejb-ref-link, ejb-home, ejb-remote;

d) 新建一企业应用程序（.ear），并编译之；

e) 部署企业应用程序（.ear）。

f) 这时，web应用程序的上下文为根。

三．实例程序：JBossTest, 一个登录的演示。