1.log4j有三种主要组件:logger、appender and layout
2.Log4j提供的appender有以下几种:
org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender(控制台)
org.apache.log4j.FileAppender(文件)
org.apache.log4j.DailyRollingFileAppender(每天产生一个日志文件)
org.apache.log4j.RollingFileAppender(文件大小到达指定尺寸的时候产生一个新的文件)
org.apache.log4j.WriterAppender(将日志信息以流格式发送到任意指定的地方)
3.Log4j提供的layout有以下几种:
org.apache.log4j.HTMLLayout(以HTML表格形式布局)
org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout(可以灵活地指定布局模式)
org.apache.log4j.SimpleLayout(包含日志信息的级别和信息字符串)
org.apache.log4j.TTCCLayout(包含日志产生的时间、线程、类别等等信息)
4.Log4j提供的几种输出格式:
%M:Used to output the method name where the logging request was issued.
%m:Used to output the application supplied message associated with the logging event.
%l:Used to output location information of the caller which generated the logging event
%L:Used to output the line number from where the logging request was issued.
%p:Used to output the priority of the logging event.
%n:Outputs the platform dependent line separator character or characters.
%r:Used to output the number of milliseconds elapsed since the start of the application until the creation of the logging event.
%F:Used to output the file name where the logging request was issued.
%d:Used to output the date of the logging event.
%c:Used to output the category of the logging event
%C:Used to output the fully qualified class name of the caller issuing the logging request
5.如果是对于效率要求比较高的话,要在log.debug()之前加上log.isDebugEnabled()进行判断,这样能够大大减少执行时间
6.对于各个appenders,共有的属性是layout(一般设置为org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout),Threshold(Log的级别)
(1)ConsoleAppender:Target(System.out和System.err)
(2)FileAppender:File(定义输出的文件名),Append(定义是否为追加)
(3)DailyRollingFileAppender(除FileAppender属性外):MaxFileSize(最大文件大小),MaxBackupIndex()
必要的时候可以参考一下:http://dev.csdn.net/develop/article/62/62201.shtm