作为一个开发各种信息系统的程序员,写报表是家常便饭的事,以至于曾经写个一个为报表而报表的项目^_^
我用过报表的控件不多,用过Quick Report,Rave Report还有以前用VB时用过十分低版本的Crystal Report,当然还有这篇文章的主角Excel。Excel做报表有什么好处与坏处。我就不说了,大家都明白。(写了浪费大家时间)
在Delphi中有专门的控件去调用Word、Excel等的Office组件。但这些控件的功能太多了,之间又有不少的联系,如果只是为调用Excel生成报表的话,我觉得还不如我自己这个类方便。
我先来介绍一下我这个类的用法,各位看官,主看以下代码:
procedure TForm1.FormCreate(Sender: TObject);
begin
AFER := TFlexExcelReport.Create;
AFER.ModelFile := ExtractFilePath(Application.ExeName) + 'Book1.xls';
end;
procedure TForm1.FormDestroy(Sender: TObject);
begin
AFER.Free;
end;
procedure TForm1.Button2Click(Sender: TObject);
var
p1, p2 : TPoint;
begin
p1.X := 2;
p1.Y := 3;
p2.X := 10;
p2.Y := 20;
AFER.Connect;
AFER.Cells[1, 2] := 'FlexExcelReport Test';
AFER.SelectCell(1, 2);
AFER.Copy;
AFER.SelectRange(p1, p2);
AFER.Paste;
AFER.SelectCell(1, 2);
AFER.Clear;
AFER.SetPrintArea(p1, p2);
end;
程序运行后,点击Button2,就会马上创建一个Excel的实例,这个实例是以Book1.xls为模板来打开的,打开后Excel会自动把这个文档命名为Book11。然后在1,2这个格里面填入内容,选择这个格子,复制,跟着选择2,3 -10,20这个区域,把刚才复制在剪贴板的内容复制进去。接下来就清除掉1,2中的内容,最后设置打印区域。
每次点击Button2都会重复上面的操作。反正用户点击多少次Button2,就会生成多少个Excel的实例。你不必担心,当你退出这个程序时,这些Excel都会随之关闭并释放对像。这里为什么要以Book1.xls为模板呢?原因是我懒,我不想用Delphi操纵VBScript,在空白的WorkSheet中画报表(这是一件会做死人的事)。而是先把报表的式样画好在Book1.xls中,这样每次只要用Delphi填内容就可以了。
是不是很简单呢?(我不是黄婆,不过还是要自夸一下!)
下面是整个FlexExcel Unit的内容:
unit FlexExcel;
interface
uses
SysUtils, Classes, Types, ComObj, Variants;
type
TFlexExcelReport = class(TObject)
private
FList: TList;
FModelFile: string;
function CoordsToXLS(ACol, ARow: integer): string;
procedure SetCells(ACol, ARow: Integer; const Value: string);
public
constructor Create;
destructor Destroy; override;
procedure Clear;
function Connect: Boolean;
procedure Copy;
procedure Paste;
procedure SelectCell(ACol, ARow : integer);
procedure SelectRange(TopLeft, RightBottom : TPoint);
procedure SetPrintArea(TopLeft, RightBottom : TPoint);
property Cells[ACol, ARow: Integer]: string write SetCells;
property ModelFile: string read FModelFile write FModelFile;
end;
implementation
type
TFlexExcelHandle = class(TObject)
private
FConnected: Boolean;
FXlsHandle: Variant;
end;
{
******************************* TFlexExcelReport *******************************
}
constructor TFlexExcelReport.Create;
begin
FList := TList.Create;
end;
destructor TFlexExcelReport.Destroy;
var
i: Integer;
hd: TFlexExcelHandle;
begin
for i := 0 to FList.Count - 1 do
begin
hd := FList[i];
if hd.FConnected then
begin
hd.FXlsHandle.DisplayAlerts := false;
hd.FXlsHandle.Quit;
hd.FXlsHandle := UnAssigned;
end;
hd.Free;
end;
FList.Free;
inherited;
end;
procedure TFlexExcelReport.Clear;
begin
TFlexExcelHandle(FList[FList.Count - 1]).FXlsHandle.Selection.Clear;
end;
function TFlexExcelReport.Connect: Boolean;
var
hd: TFlexExcelHandle;
begin
result := false;
hd := TFlexExcelHandle.Create;
try
hd.FXlsHandle := CreateOleObject('Excel.Application');
hd.FConnected := true;
except
on E : Exception do
begin
hd.Free;
exit;
end;
end;
hd.FXlsHandle.Visible := true;
hd.FXlsHandle.Workbooks.Add [FModelFile];
FList.Add(hd);
result := true;
end;
function TFlexExcelReport.CoordsToXLS(ACol, ARow: integer): string;
var
i: Integer;
begin
result := '';
i := (ACol - 1) div 26;
if i > 0 then result := Chr(64 + i);
i := (ACol - 1) mod 26;
result := result + Chr(64 + i + 1) + IntToStr(ARow);
end;
procedure TFlexExcelReport.Copy;
begin
TFlexExcelHandle(FList[FList.Count - 1]).FXlsHandle.Selection.Copy;
end;
procedure TFlexExcelReport.Paste;
begin
TFlexExcelHandle(FList[FList.Count - 1]).FXlsHandle.ActiveWorkBook.ActiveSheet.PasteSpecial;
end;
procedure TFlexExcelReport.SelectCell(ACol, ARow : integer);
begin
TFlexExcelHandle(FList[FList.Count - 1]).FXlsHandle.ActiveWorkBook.ActiveSheet.Range[CoordsToXLS(ACol, ARow)].Select;
end;
procedure TFlexExcelReport.SelectRange(TopLeft, RightBottom : TPoint);
begin
if (TopLeft.X = RightBottom.X) and (TopLeft.Y = RightBottom.Y) then
SelectCell(TopLeft.X, TopLeft.Y)
else
TFlexExcelHandle(FList[FList.Count - 1]).FXlsHandle.ActiveWorkBook.ActiveSheet.Range[CoordsToXLS(TopLeft.X, TopLeft.Y) + ':' + CoordsToXLS(RightBottom.X, RightBottom.Y)].Select;
end;
procedure TFlexExcelReport.SetCells(ACol, ARow: Integer; const Value: string);
begin
TFlexExcelHandle(FList[FList.Count - 1]).FXlsHandle.ActiveWorkBook.ActiveSheet.Cells[ARow, ACol] := Value;
end;
procedure TFlexExcelReport.SetPrintArea(TopLeft, RightBottom : TPoint);
begin
TFlexExcelHandle(FList[FList.Count - 1]).FXlsHandle.ActiveWorkBook.ActiveSheet.PageSetup.PrintArea := CoordsToXLS(TopLeft.X, TopLeft.Y) + ':' + CoordsToXLS(RightBottom.X, RightBottom.Y);
end;
end.
说明一下:
function CoordsToXLS(ACol, ARow: integer): string;
这个函数的作用是把我们常用的坐标表列1,行2 (1,2 )转换为Excel的表标方式A2,因为我查VBScript时只找到用, 如A2: C5这种方法去选择范围及设定打印区域。