用Soap Toolkit调用WebService的一个问题

王朝厨房·作者佚名  2007-01-04
窄屏简体版  字體: |||超大  

问题描述:

在用非.NET客户端调用WebService中,按照使用Soap Toolkit中的指导实现起来很简单,但在实际使用过程中却发现一个问题。

假如Webservice提供的方法是:int SimpleMath.Add(int n1,int n2),返回值是n1+n2, 但按照soap toolkit提供的例子,使用VC进行调用,得到的返回值却是0。

记录下我的解决过程,备忘。

试验环境:

OS:WindowsXP Professional

WebService:VS.NET 2003

WebService运行环境:IIS

客户端:VC6.0,VS.NET中的VC

SoapToolkit SDK:3.0

问题再现:

看Toolkit中稍微修改一下之后的例子代码:

#include <stdio.h>

#import "msxml4.dll"

using namespace MSXML2;

#import "C:\Program Files\Common Files\MSSoap\Binaries\mssoap30.dll"

exclude("IStream", "IErrorInfo", "ISequentialStream", "_LARGE_INTEGER",

"_ULARGE_INTEGER", "tagSTATSTG", "_FILETIME")

using namespace MSSOAPLib30;

int test2()

{

ISoapSerializerPtr Serializer;

ISoapReaderPtr Reader;

ISoapConnectorPtr Connector;

// Connect to the service

Connector.CreateInstance(__uuidof(HttpConnector));

Connector->Property["EndPointURL"] = "http://localhost/WSTest/SimpleMath.asmx?WSDL";

Connector->Connect();

// Begin message

Connector->Property["SoapAction"] = "http://tempuri.org/Add";

Connector->BeginMessage();

// Create the SoapSerializer

Serializer.CreateInstance(__uuidof(SoapSerializer));

// Connect the serializer to the input stream of the connector

Serializer->Init(_variant_t((IUnknown*)Connector->InputStream));

// Build the SOAP Message

Serializer->startEnvelope("","","");

Serializer->startBody("");

Serializer->startElement("Add","http://tempuri.org/","","");

Serializer->startElement("n1","","","");

Serializer->writeString("5");

Serializer->endElement();

Serializer->startElement("n2","","","");

Serializer->writeString("10");

Serializer->endElement();

Serializer->endElement();

Serializer->endBody();

Serializer->endEnvelope();

// Send the message to the web service

Connector->EndMessage();

// Let us read the response

Reader.CreateInstance(__uuidof(SoapReader));

// Connect the reader to the output stream of the connector

Reader->Load(_variant_t((IUnknown*)Connector->OutputStream), "");

// Display the result

printf("Answer: %s\n", (const char*)Reader->RPCResult->text);

return 0;

}

返回结果应该是15,但实际却返回了0。

在网上搜索发现有人提议把WebService的方法的参数改为string,然后在方法内部转换,我觉得这不是一个好办法。事实上,我经过发现,这样的实现问题会更多。

返回结果应该是15,但实际却返回了0。

在网上搜索发现有人提议把WebService的方法的参数改为string,然后在方法内部转换,我觉得这不是一个好办法。事实上,我经过发现,这样的实现问题会更多。

分析过程:

用soap toolkit的跟踪工具MSSoapT看一下,客户端到底向WebService发送了什么数据:

<SOAP-ENV:Envelope SOAP-ENV:encodingStyle="" xmlns:SOAP-ENV="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/">

<SOAP-ENV:Body SOAP-ENV:encodingStyle="">

<SOAPSDK1:Add xmlns:SOAPSDK1="http://tempuri.org/" SOAP-ENV:encodingStyle="">

<n1 SOAP-ENV:encodingStyle="">5</n1>

<n2 SOAP-ENV:encodingStyle="">10</n2>

</SOAPSDK1:Add>

</SOAP-ENV:Body>

</SOAP-ENV:Envelope>

再看看vs.NET调试中,IE浏览器发出的数据(模板):

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>

<soap:Envelope xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:soap="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/">

<soap:Body>

<Add xmlns="http://tempuri.org/">

<n1>int</n1>

<n2>int</n2>

</Add>

</soap:Body>

</soap:Envelope>

区别在哪里?soaptoolkit的数据中,多了个encodingStyle属性,尽管没有制定值。我们想办法屏蔽这个属性。

在SoapSerializer30的startElement方法中的参数中按照如下方式调用,可以不制定这个属性。

改代码如下:

...

Serializer->startElement("Add","http://tempuri.org/","NONE","");

Serializer->startElement("n1","","NONE","");

Serializer->writeString("5");

Serializer->endElement();

Serializer->startElement("n2","","NONE","");

Serializer->writeString("10");

Serializer->endElement();

Serializer->endElement();

...

但返回结果还是0,看来和encodingStyle无关。看看跟踪情况:

<SOAP-ENV:Envelope SOAP-ENV:encodingStyle="" xmlns:SOAP-ENV="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/">

<SOAP-ENV:Body SOAP-ENV:encodingStyle="">

<SOAPSDK1:Add xmlns:SOAPSDK1="http://tempuri.org/">

<n1>5</n1>

<n2>10</n2>

</SOAPSDK1:Add>

</SOAP-ENV:Body>

</SOAP-ENV:Envelope>

问题解决:

比较一下vs.net中发出的请求,差别在哪里?认真看一下,n1和n2没有指定命名空间,那么就指定一下吧。

把代码改成:

Serializer->startElement("Add","http://tempuri.org/","NONE","");

Serializer->startElement("n1","http://tempuri.org/","NONE","");

Serializer->writeString("5");

Serializer->endElement();

Serializer->startElement("n2","http://tempuri.org/","NONE","");

Serializer->writeString("10");

Serializer->endElement();

Serializer->endElement();

测试结果正常了,返回15。

看看这时候发出的xml数据:

<SOAP-ENV:Envelope SOAP-ENV:encodingStyle="" xmlns:SOAP-ENV="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/">

<SOAP-ENV:Body SOAP-ENV:encodingStyle="">

<SOAPSDK1:Add xmlns:SOAPSDK1="http://tempuri.org/">

<SOAPSDK1:n1>5</SOAPSDK1:n1>

<SOAPSDK1:n2>10</SOAPSDK1:n2>

</SOAPSDK1:Add>

</SOAP-ENV:Body>

</SOAP-ENV:Envelope>

原因:

我也无法总结到底是谁的问题:(

也许是VS.NET的问题,也许是SoapToolKit的问题,也许是他提供的例子自身就有问题,也许是我的运行环境有问题,当然,更也许是我还没有真正理解xml的命名空间或没有正确使用WebService。

 
 
 
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