unittest module包含了编写运行unittest的功能，自定义的test class都要集成unitest.TestCase类，test method要以test开头，运行顺序根据test method的名字排序，特殊方法:setup():每个测试函数运行前运行teardown():每个测试函数运行完后执行setUpClass():必须使用@classmethod 装饰器,所有test运行前运行一次tearDownClass():必须使用@classmethod装饰器,所有test运行完后运行一次示例代码:#文件名runtest.py
importrandomimportunittestclassTestSequenceFunctions(unittest.TestCase):defsetUp(self):
self.seq= list(range(10))deftest_shuffle(self):#make sure the shuffled sequence does not lose any elementsrandom.shuffle(self.seq)
self.seq.sort()
self.assertEqual(self.seq, list(range(10)))#should raise an exception for an immutable sequenceself.assertRaises(TypeError, random.shuffle, (1,2,3))deftest_choice(self):
element=random.choice(self.seq)
self.assertTrue(elementinself.seq)deftest_sample(self):
with self.assertRaises(ValueError):
random.sample(self.seq,20)forelementinrandom.sample(self.seq, 5):
self.assertTrue(elementinself.seq)if__name__=='__main__':
unittest.main()
运行方式:在命令行直接运行这个runtest.py可以使用unitest.skip装饰器族跳过test method或者test class,这些装饰器包括:@unittest.skip(reason):无条件跳过测试，reason描述为什么跳过测试@unittest.skipif(conditition,reason):condititon为true时跳过测试@unittest.skipunless(condition,reason):condition不是true时跳过测试可以自定义skip decorator#这是一个自定义的skip decorratordefskipUnlessHasattr(obj, attr):ifhasattr(obj, attr):returnlambdafunc: funcreturnunittest.skip("{!r} doesn't have {!r}".format(obj, attr))
skip decorator示例代码:classMyTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
@unittest.skip("demonstrating skipping")deftest_nothing(self):
self.fail("shouldn't happen")
@unittest.skipIf(mylib.__version__< (1, 3),"not supported in this library version")deftest_format(self):#Tests that work for only a certain version of the library.pass@unittest.skipUnless(sys.platform.startswith("win"),"requires Windows")deftest_windows_support(self):#windows specific testing codepass@unittest.skip("showing class skipping")classMySkippedTestCase(unittest.TestCase):deftest_not_run(self):pass
expected failure:使用@unittest.expectedFailure装饰器，如果test失败了，这个test不计入失败的case数目