1.长整型表示数的范围比整型更大。在python中，整型、长整型趋于统一，普通用户不用特别关注两者区别，仅当需引用C语言时需要特别注意。
2.操作符
(a)
defPRoduct(x,y):returnx * y
(b)
>>>printproduct(23,24)552
3.
defresult(x):if90 <= x <= 100:return"A"elif80 <= x <= 89:return"B"elif70 <= x <= 79:return"C"elif60 <= x <= 69:return"D"else:return"F"
4.
#-*- coding:utf-8 -*-defyear_judge(year):if(int(year) % 4 == 0andint(year) % 100 != 0)orint(year) % 400 ==0:returnu"该年是闰年！"else:returnu"该年是平年！"
5.
#-*- coding:utf-8 -*-defexchange(x):
divide_25,mod_25= divmod(x,25)[0],divmod(x,25)[1]ifmod_25 ==0:returnu"%d 美分换算结果是：%d枚25美分。"\%(x,divide_25)else:
divide_10,mod_10= divmod(mod_25,10)[0],divmod(mod_25,10)[1]ifmod_10 ==0:returnu"%d美分换算结果是：%d枚25美分，%d枚10美分。"\%(x,divide_25,divide_10)else:
divide_5,mod_5= divmod(mod_10,5)[0],divmod(mod_10,5)[1]ifmod_5 ==0:returnu"%d美分换算结果是：%d枚25美分，%d枚10美分，%d枚5美分。"\%(x,divide_25,divide_10,divide_5)else:returnu"%d美分换算结果是：%d枚25美分，%d枚10美分，%d枚5美分,%d枚1美分。"\%(x,divide_25,divide_10,divide_5,mod_5)defcents_exchange(x):ifx < 1:
x= x * 100else:
x=int(x)printexchange(x)
6.
#-*- coding:utf-8 -*-defcalculator():globalexpression
expression= raw_input("请输入一个表达式，可以计算加减乘除取余和幂运算，按Q退出。".decode("utf-8").encode("gbk"))ifexpression =="Q":returnu"程序退出，再见"else:foriin["+","-","**","/","%","*"]:ifiinexpression:
numbers=expression.split(i)if"."inexpression:
N1=float(numbers[0])
N2= float(numbers[1])else:
N1=int(numbers[0])
N2= int(numbers[1])ifi =="+":returnN1 +N2elifi =="-":returnN1 -N2elifi =="*":returnN1 *N2elifi =="**":returnN1 **N2elifi =="%":returnN1 %N2elifi =="/":returnN1 /N2whileTrue:printcalculator()ifexpression =="Q":
break
7.
#-*- coding:utf-8 -*-sales = float(raw_input("请输入营业额".decode("utf-8").encode("gbk")))
rate= float(raw_input("请输入税率,以两位小数表示".decode("utf-8").encode("gbk")))printu"应缴税额为：%f 元人民币。"% (sales * rate)
8.
#-*- coding:utf-8 -*-defgeometry():
prompt= raw_input("计算正方形面积请输入1，立方体体积请输入2，圆面积请输入3，球体积请输入4".\
decode("utf-8").encode("gbk"))ifprompt =="1":
side= raw_input("请输入边长".decode("utf-8").encode("gbk"))printu"该正方形的面积是：%d"% (int(side) ** 2)elifprompt =="2":
side= raw_input("请输入边长".decode("utf-8").encode("gbk"))printu"该正方体的体积是：%d"% (int(side) ** 3)elifprompt =="3":
radius= raw_input("请输入半径".decode("utf-8").encode("gbk"))printu"该圆的面积是：%s"% (float(radius) ** 2 * 3.14)elifprompt =="4":
radius= raw_input("请输入半径".decode("utf-8").encode("gbk"))printu"该球的体积是：%s"% (float(radius) ** 3 * 4 * 3.14 / 3)
geometry()
9.
a.进制问题 python中0开头的数字表示八进制的数字
b.56l + 78l 代表的是长整数的和
10.
#-*- coding:utf-8 -*-defF_to_C(F):printu"%s℉等于%f℃"% (F,(float(F) - 32) * 5 / 9)
11.(1)
#取偶数foriinrange(0,21):ifi % 2 ==0:printi,print#取奇数foriinrange(0,21):ifi % 2 == 1:printi,
(2)对2进行取余运算，余数0是偶数，否则是奇数
(3)
#-*- coding:utf-8 -*-defjudge_divide(x,y):ifx % y ==0:printu"%d可以被%d整除！"%(x,y)else:printu"%d不能被%d整除！"%(x,y)defjudge():
number1= int(raw_input("请输入第一个整数".decode("utf-8").encode("gbk")))
number2= int(raw_input("请输入第二个整数".decode("utf-8").encode("gbk")))ifnumber1 <number2:
judge_divide(number2,number1)else:
judge_divide(number1,number2)
12.
#-*- coding:utf-8 -*-importsysprintsys.maxintprint-sys.maxint - 1printsys.float_info.maxprintsys.float_info.minprintsys.long_info
13.
#-*- coding:utf-8 -*-time = raw_input("请输入时间，英文冒号:前为小时数，英文冒号:后为分钟数".decode("utf-8").encode("gbk"))
hour= int(time.split(":")[0])
minute= int(time.split(":")[1])printu"%d:%d等于%d分钟。"% (hour,minute,hour * 60 + minute)
14.
#-*- coding:utf-8 -*-defAnnual_return_rate(rate):
per_day_rate= rate / 365.0investment= 1interest= 1 * (1 + per_day_rate) ** 365 - 1printu"年回报率为：",interest * 100,"%"Annual_return_rate(0.5)
15.
#-*- coding:utf-8 -*-defgreatest_common_divisor(x,y):
divisor=max(x,y)whiledivisor >= 1:ifx % divisor != 0ory % divisor !=0:
divisor-= 1else:printu"%d和%d的最大公约数是%d。"%(x,y,divisor)
breakdefleast_common_multiple(x,y):
multiple=max(x,y)whilemultiple <= x *y:ifmultiple % x == 0andmultiple % y ==0:printu"%d和%d的最小公倍数是%d。"%(x,y,multiple)
breakelse:
multiple+= 1
16.略
17.
#-*- coding:utf-8 -*-importrandom
N= random.randint(2,100)
i= 1random_list1=[]whilei <=N:
random_list1.append(random.randint(0,2 ** 31 - 1))
i+= 1h= 1N2= random.randint(1,100)
random_list2=[]whileh <=N2:
random_list2.append(random.choice(random_list1))
h+= 1printsorted(random_list2)