背景:在Coding中有时候会遇到一些需要解析的数据,可是数据的字段数量和名称未统一,我们没法定义实体类来对应。那么我们就会想到通过C#的dynamic动态类来实现,如果大家注意的话一些ORM框架里面貌似都有用到dynamic来实现一部分功能。
一.Dynamic的基本应用
1.1 通过.PRopertyName来添加属性,和javaScript的对象差不多.不过对于我们所要解析的数据,我们事先也许根本不知道属性名称,所以用这种方法意义不大.
dynamic myObj =newExpandoObject();
myObj.Name="Frank";
Console.WriteLine(myObj.Name);
二.Dynamic自定义属性名称.
2.1: 继承DynamicObject,里面提供了各种方法,重写后可以实现属性的添加.
publicsealedclassMyExtendsObject : DynamicObject
{privatereadonlyDictionary<string,object>_properties;publicMyExtendsObject(Dictionary<string,object>properties)
{
_properties=properties;
}publicoverrideIEnumerable<string>GetDynamicMemberNames()
{return_properties.Keys;
}publicoverrideboolTryGetMember(GetMemberBinder binder,outobjectresult)
{if(_properties.ContainsKey(binder.Name))
{
result=_properties[binder.Name];returntrue;
}else{
result=null;returnfalse;
}
}publicoverrideboolTrySetMember(SetMemberBinder binder,objectvalue)
{if(_properties.ContainsKey(binder.Name))
{
_properties[binder.Name]=value;returntrue;
}else{returnfalse;
}
}
}
2.2 通过字典来添加属性和赋值
publicstaticvoidMain(string[] args)
{
dynamic myObj=newExpandoObject();
Dictionary<string,object> dic =newDictionary<string,object>()
{
{"Name","Frank"},
{"Age",23}
};
myObj=newMyExtendsObject(dic);
Console.WriteLine(myObj.Age);//23}
三.Dynamic解析xml.
3.1 定义xml文件:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><Person><Name>Frank</Name><Age>23</Age><Address>TianFu SoftWarePark</Address></Person>
3.2 继承DynamicObject
public sealed class MyExtensXMLObj : DynamicObject
{
private readonly XElement node;
public MyExtensXMLObj(XElement node)
{
this.node = node;
}
public override bool TrySetMember(SetMemberBinder binder, object value)
{
var elements = node.Elements().ToList();
var currentElement = elements.FirstOrDefault(x => x.Name == binder.Name);
if (currentElement != null)
{
currentElement.Value = value as string;
return true;
}
else
{
return false;
}
}
public override bool TryGetMember(GetMemberBinder binder, out object result)
{
var elements = node.Elements().ToList();
var currentElement = elements.FirstOrDefault(x => x.Name == binder.Name);
if (currentElement != null)
{
result = currentElement.Value;
return true;
}
else
{
result = null;
return false;
}
}
}
3.3 结果输出:
publicstaticvoidMain(string[] args)
{
XElement root= XElement.Load(@"Test.xml");
dynamic personList=newMyExtensXMLObj(root);
Console.WriteLine(personList.Name); //Frank}
四. 继承规则.
1. 子类里面包含一个私有变量,用于存储数据. 这暂且叫做Data;
2.TryGetMember(GetMemberBinder binder, out object result) 方法实现对数据的获取. binder.Name就是需要获取的属性的名称,result 是获取的属性值. 通过binder.Name在Data中获取到对应的属性值,传出到外面.(注意到了吧result是out参数)
3.TrySetMember(SetMemberBinder binder, object value) 对存在的属性进行赋值. 上面的Set方法中,我都判断了binder.Name在data里面是否存在。如果不存在就无法赋值。返回false,如果外面对不存在的属性复制那么将会报错.