
The An-30 (Clank) by Antonov is a development of An-24RT. The aircraft, whose development was finished in 1974, is modified and equipped for ground mapping and surveying tasks. The main identification feature is the nose, which has been completely redesigned, with glazing and a built-in navigator′s compartment. The inner space of the fuselage has also been remodelled. Its floor area has removable cover plates over apertures for photogrammetrical cameras for vertical, panoramic and lateral photographing. A dark room for handling the films and their storage is provided. The sensor apertures in the underside and in both sides of the rear fuselage are covered by remotely-controlled doors. During flight, cameras are operated by two photographers.安-30是从安-24系列发展而来的航空测绘飞机,原型为军用的安-26型。安-30于1974年首次试飞,除苏联使用外,还出口到中国、保加利亚、罗马尼亚、古巴、越南、捷克、哈萨克斯坛等国。其中保加利亚1架,罗马尼亚3架,古巴一架,越南2架。中国1980年后进口了少量安-30,具体数量不详,但据信部署在空军航测团和第十六航空学校等单位。目前陕西煤航数码测绘(集团)股份有限公司拥有使用安-30的能力。The An-30 can also be equipped with a variety of other devices, including magnetometer and microwave radiometer for long-distance surveys. They can be used to evaluate various situations on the surface, ice or snow cover, development of vegetation etc. for civilian purposes. The devices can be installed in fixed or gyro-stabilised mountings. A navigation computer closely co-operates with the terminal of the NAVSTAR/GPS satellite navigation system, which enables an extremely accurate automatic navigation of the aircraft along the pre-programmed course, at given altitude and speed, including guidance to the point of departure of the photographing. The pressurised cabin permits to fly at high levels. The avionics includes fairly modern navigation and communication devices, an ADF automatic radio direction finder, DME distance measuring system, marker and ILS/GS instrument landing system, and a radio altimeter. The avionics and instrumentation enable all-weather operation and safe landing.安-30在安-26的基础上,在机头加装透明观测窗,并将驾驶舱地板提高,使领航员获得了更好的视界,且能够更方便的进出观察舱。因此安-30的座舱顶部突起,成为了其最突出的外观特征。安-30的主机舱舷窗数量较少。舱内布置了一暗室和胶片贮藏间,内装测绘照相机以及相关工作台。机上还有厕所、餐室和休息间。全部舱间均有空调和增压。机组共7人,分别为驾驶员、副驾驶员、无线电报务员、领航员、飞行工程师、摄影员和观测员。目前国内若干公司装备了该机,用于航空测绘,据称部队内的安-30装备于北京军区。The Russian production run stopped in 1978 after, totally, 1100 aircraft of this type were produced (the Irkutsk factory manufactured 164 An-24Ts out of these within 1967 through 1971).安-30的机舱地板上有5个透明摄影舱口,每个舱口均有保护门,在操纵台上可操纵保护舱门的开闭。各舱口均装一台摄影机。1号摄影舱口装一台AFA-41/7.5广角摄影机;2号摄影舱口上垂直安装一台A54/50-FK远焦距摄影机;3号舱口装一台曝光表;4和5号舱口分别装一台与垂直方向成28°角的A54/50-FK摄影机。标准设备还有地形测距仪、无线电高度表、无线电方位装置、自动降落系统和记录装置。机组人员可在机载计算机内预先输入程序,飞机可依靠自动导航系统在观测地区上空保持所需要的航迹、高度和飞行速度,并自动告知抵达预定拍摄点,便于拍摄测绘。导航系统具有与导航星/全球定位卫星(NAVSTAR/GPS)终端链接的能力。安-30还可用于采矿和探测陆地及海洋特性、海洋和湖泊的冰层、雪层和土壤的类型,或观测洪水以及土地季节植被变化。苏联使用的安-30配备了一系列功能极为强大的航空遥测设备,可以完成气象、尘埃、热能、辐射、金属、地下水等多个方面的探测、分析和纪录工作。安-30装两台AN-24BT涡桨发动机,单台功率2103千瓦(2820当量马力),AB-72T四桨叶恒速全顺桨螺旋桨。机上装有推力7.85千牛(800.4公斤)的RU19-300辅助动力装置,主要用于发动机的起动,也可用于起飞,爬升和主发动机出现故障时的巡航动力。全机最大燃油量6200升。安-30在地板摄影舱口上加装盖板后,可改为货运用途。由于保留了安-26的货舱门以及货物装卸传输和提吊系统,其货运能力和装卸操作近似于安-26。目前多架原苏联红军的安-30已交付到了私人航空公司手中,因此安-30在测绘之余,更多的参与了商业货运的活动。甚至有客运公司将其改进为48座客机,广告中大字标榜“巨大的观光舷窗”……这倒是真的,安-30的透明机头确实很大,但乘坐舒适性则实在不佳。近期乌克兰国家科学院无线电物理遥测中心与乌克兰国家航天局等部门的专家合作,在安-30基础上研制成功了AKDZ-30先进对地遥测飞机。该机型将传统的光学仪器与对地遥测所需要的定位和红外装置结合起来,其中包括最新式的测绘雷达、航空照相机、扫描仪、摄像机、多频段频谱仪等。无论气象状况如何,它都能有效地监测地上的水灾和火灾、林区内树木的盗伐、外国轮船的运行和非法越境等情况。技术数据翼展:29.20米机长:24.26米机高:8.32米展弦比:11.4机翼面积:74.98平方米主轮距:7.9米前主轮距:7.65米螺旋桨直径:3.9米基本使用空重:15590千克照相设备重量:650千克最大起飞重量:23000千克最大平飞速度:540千米/小时巡航速度:430千米/小时巡航高度:6000米实用升限:7300米着陆速度:175千米/小时起飞滑跑距离:710米着陆滑跑距离:670米最大燃油航程:2630千米