Essential Biological Psychology
分類: 图书,进口原版,Health, Mind & Body（身心健康）,Psychology & Counseling（心理问题与咨询）,Physiological Aspects,
品牌: Dr Jim Barnes
基本信息出版社:SAGE Publications Ltd (2013年1月31日)平装:332页语种：英语ISBN:1847875416条形码:9781847875419ASIN:1847875416您想告诉我们您发现了更低的价格?
商品描述媒体推荐'A highly informative introduction into the most important concepts in biological psychology from cell level to systems level. Covering a wide range of topics including genetics and neural plasticity, this well-structured and accessible text is an excellent starting point for studying processes of the mind and brain' - Uta Sailer Senior Lecturer in Psychology, University of Gothenburg, Sweeden目录PART ONE: NEURONS, NEUROTRANSMISSION AND COMMUNICATION How the Nervous System is Organised Cells of the Nervous System The Neuron Neuron Structure Inside the Neuron Neuron Classification Neuroglia Cells Types of Glia cells Astrocytes (CNS) Oligodendrocytes (CNS) Schwann Cells (PNS) Microglia Radial Glia cells Glia Cells and Injury Gliosis Information Exchange in the Nervous System The Resting Membrane Potential The Action Potential and Nerve Impulse Summation Effects Synaptic Transmission The Synaptic Vesicle Modulation of Synaptic Transmission Non-Synaptic Chemical Communication Post Synaptic Receptors and Receptors Types Neurotransmitters Major Types of Neurotransmitters The Amino Acids GABA Glycine Glutamate (Glutamic Acid) Aspartate Monoamines Serotonin Melatonin Noradrenaline Dopamine Acetylcholine Neuropeptides and Neuromodulators Soluble Gases Summary PART TWO: NEUROANATOMY AND BRAIN MAPPING Brodmann Areas Planes of Section The Central Nervous System Basic Brain Structure The Hindbrain The Midbrain The Forebrain The Diencephalon The Telencephalon Cerebral Cortex or Neocortex Occipital Lobe Parietal Lobe Temporal Lobe Frontal Lobe Ventricular System Spinal cord The Peripheral Nervous System Spinal Nerves Cranial Nerves The Autonomic Nervous System Sympathetic Nervous System Parasympathetic Nervous System Brain Mapping Techniques Lesion Techniques Recording and Imaging Techniques Electrical Recording Electroencephalography EEG Magnetoencephalogram (MEG). Structural Imaging Techniques Computerised Tomography (CT) Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) Basic MRI scans T1-weighted MRI: Spin-lattice relaxation time T2-weighted MRI: Spin-spin relaxation time Functional Imaging Techniques Positron Emission Tomography (PET) Functional Magnetic Imaging (fMRI) Benefits of Using fMRI The Downside of Using fMRI Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) Neurochemical Techniques Cerebral Dialysis 2-Deoxyglucose Method In Vivo Voltammetry Behavioural Genetic Techniques Twin and Adoption Studies Neuropsychological Techniques Summary PART THREE: GENES AND EVOLUTION Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA) Ribonucleic Acid (RNA) DNA Replication Cell Division Mitosis Meiosis Protein Synthesis Pre-Initiation Complex and Promoters RNA Synthesis Initiation Elongation Termination Transcription Regulation Translation Genetic Mutations Sex Cells Turner's Syndrome Klinefelter's Syndrome Influence of the Environment on Gene Expression. Environmental influence - Dizygotic (Fraternal) twins Environmental Influence - Monozygotic (Identical) Twins Environmental Influence - What we can infer from twin studies The Evolution of the Nervous System Diffuse Nervous Systems Centralised Nervous Systems - Cephalised Systems Centralised Nervous Systems - Compartmentalised Systems Centralised Nervous Systems - Complex Compartmentalised Nervous Systems The Vertebrate System The vertebrate system - The primitive state The vertebrate system - Encephalisatio The vertebrate system - Dominance of the cerebrum Summary PART FOUR: DEVELOPMENT AND PLASTICITY OF THE BRAIN The Emergence of the Nervous System Induction The Developing Brain Spinal Cord Development Proliferation Migration Aggregation Differentiation and Axon Growth Chemoaffinity theory Blueprint hypothesis The Topographic Gradient Hypothesis Synaptogenesis Selective Cell Death Functional Validation Developmental Abnormalities Spina bifida Anencephaly Microcephaly. Macrocephaly Down Syndrome Phenylketonuria (PKU) Fragile X syndrome Fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) Neural Plasticity Effects of Visual Deprivation on Ocular Dominance The Critical Period Neuronal Regeneration Contralateral Sprouting Denervation Supersensitivity Reorganization of Sensory Representations Regenerating the Nervous System Cell Transplantations. Summary PART FIVE: VISUAL SYSTEM The Eye The Retina Photoreceptors: the rods and cones Transduction of Visual Information Major types of Ganglion Cells Type P retinal ganglion cells are object detectors that have colour sensitivity. Type M retinal ganglion cells detect motion and are not sensitive to colour. Behaviour of Retinal Ganglion Cells Horizontal Cells Amacrine Cells Pathways of the Eye and Brain Analysis of Information The Visual Cortex Dorsal and Ventral Streams Recognition of Objects: Lateral inhibition Receptive Fields Secondary Visual Cortex Visual Area V2 Visual Area V3 Visual Area V4 Visual Area V5 The Perception of Colour, Motion and Depth Colour Vision The Young-Hemholtz Trichromatic Theory Hering's Opponent-process Theory Retinex Theory Motion Perception The Binding Problem Disorders of Object Perception Visual Agnosia Apperceptive Agnosia Associative Agnosia Blindsight Hemispatial Neglect Summary PART SIX: NON-VISUAL SENSORY SYSTEMS Sensory Processing The Somatosenses Skin Receptors Spinal Cord Dermatone Somatosensory Pathways General somatosensory pathway - Conscious sensation Dorsal Column-Medial Lemniscal system Anterolateral system Common features of Conscious Somatosensory Pathways Unconscious sensation Spinocerebellar tract Gate Theory of Pain Somatosensory Cortex Auditory System The Ear Outer ear Middle ear Inner ear Transduction of Sound Wave to Nerve Signal Inner hair cells Outer hair cells The Neural Connections and the Pathway to Auditory Cortex Primary Auditory Cortex Detection of Frequency Perception of Amplitude Music Perception Hearing loss - Deafness Conduction Deafness Sensorineural Deafness Central Deafness Balance - The Vestibular System Chemical Senses Taste Taste Bud Morphology and Types of Cells Mechanisms of Taste Perception Taste Pathways Olfaction The Olfactory Pathway Summary PART SIX: MOTOR CONTROL AND MOVEMENT The Mechanics of Movement Control Striated or Skeletal Muscle Smooth Muscle and Cardiac Muscle Structure of Striated or Skeletal Muscle Tendon Organs Muscle Spindles Spinal Reflexes Monosynaptic Stretch Reflexes Polysynaptic Reflex Renshaw Cells Gamma Motor System Movement Controlled by the Cortex Motor Cortex -Primary (M1) Motor Cortex - Secondary Posterior Parietal Cortex Motor Pathways Pathways Originating in Cortex The Corticospinal Tracts Corticobulbar Tract Pathways Originating in Subcortex Rubrospinal Tract The Ventral Medial Group The Vestibulospinal Tracts. The Reticulospinal Tracts The Tectospinal Tract Cerebellum The Structure of the Cerebellum Inputs and outputs to the cerebellum The Cerebellum Circuits Basal Ganglia Summary PART SEVEN: THE BIOPSYCHOLOGY OF MOTIVATION Motives Eating The Role of the Hypothalamus in Hunger and Satiety Paraventricular and Arcuate Nuclei Glucostatic Principle Ghrelin Environmental Factors of Eating Hunger and Eating Based on Learning Obesity and Long Term Control of Body Weight The Lipostatic Theory Set Point Theory Genetics and Overweight Eating Disorders Anorexia Nervosa Bulimia Nervosa Drinking Dry Mouth Theory Osmostic Thirst Hypovolemic Thirst Reproductive Behaviour Development of the Reproductive Organs Sex Differences in the Brain Role of SDN in the management of male sexual behaviours Summary PART EIGHT: SLEEP AND BIOLOGICAL RHYTHMS Biological Rhythms The Suprachiasmatic Nucleus (SCN) Influence of light-dark cycle How Much Sleep Do People Require? Measuring Sleep Sleep Stages REM Sleep Ponto-Geniculo-Occipital Waves or PGO Waves Sequences of NREM and REM Sleep Neural Mechanisms of Sleep Passive Sleep Theory Active Reticular Activation System Theory Reticular Activating System Reticular formation Hypothalamus Basal Forebrain Raphe Nucleus Theories Regarding Reasons for Sleep Evolutionary Theory of Sleep Repair and Restoration Theory of Sleep Information Consolidation Theory of Sleep Sleep Disorders Insomnia Sleep related breathing disorders Sleep Apnea Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) Central Sleep Apnea (CSA) Hypersomnia- Narcolepsy Circadian Rhythm Sleep Disorders Parasomnias Arousal disorders (e.g. Night Terrors, Sleep Walking and Sleep Talking) REM Behaviour Disorder Restless Leg Syndrome Other Parsomnias Summary PART EIGHT: BIOPSYCHOLOGY OF EMOTIONS, STRESS AND HEALTH Biopsychology of Emotions Darwin's Theory James Lange Theory Canon-Bard Theory Schachter-Singer Theory Sham Rage Anatomy of Emotions The Limbic System Limbic system and the Papez circuit Hippocampus Amygdala Thalamus Hypothalamus Cingulate gyrus Ventral Tegmental Area Septum Prefrontal area Insula Cerebral Hemispheres and Emotion Emotions and Facial Expressions Primary and Secondary Facial Emotions Facial Feedback Hypothesis Duchenne Smile Fear, Attack and Escape Behaviours Attack Behaviours Heredity and Aggression Neurotransmitters and Hormones Testosterone Glucocorticoids Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) Serotonin Stress and Health Theories Relating to Stress Alarm Stage Resistance Stage Exhaustion Phase How the Body Reacts to Stress Acute stress The Sympathomedullary Pathway Chronic Stress The Pituitary-adrenal System The Immune System B-Cells T Cells Phagocytes Cytokines Psychoneuroimmunology (PIN) Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) Summary PART NINE: MEMORY, LEARNING AND AMNESIA Processing of Information Sensory Memory Short-Term Memory Working Memory Neural Substrate of Working Memory Long Term Memory Classic Conditioning Instrumental or Operant Conditioning Hebbian Theory Learning in Aplysia Brain Areas Involved in Memory The Hippocampus Second Messengers Systems and Memory The Cellular Basis of Memory: Long Term Potentiation Other Brain Structures Associated with Memory Cerebellum and Long Term Depression Amygdala Motor Memory and the Basal Ganglia Temporal lobe Parietal Lobe Occipital lobe Disorders of Memory Amnesia Anterograde Amnesia Retrograde Amnesia Psychogenic or Functional amnes...
