Basic Concepts of Mathematics and Logic基础数学和逻辑概念

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作者: Michael C. Gemignani著

出 版 社:

出版时间: 2004-4-1字数:版次: 1页数: 280印刷时间: 2004/04/01开本: 16开印次: 1纸张: 胶版纸I S B N : 9780486435060包装: 平装内容简介

This text emphasizes logic and the theory of sets。 Students who take no further courses in the field will find it an excellent resource for developing an appreciation for the nature of mathematics。 Others will discover the foundations for future studies — set theory,logic,counting,numbers,functions,and more。1968 edition。 43 figures。 25 tables。

目录

Chapter 1 Introduction

1.1 Abstraction and Mathematics

1.2 Mathematics and “Reality”

1.3 An Example

1.4 Mathematical Statements

1.5 Notation

1.6 On Rigor

Chapter 2 introduction to Logic

2.1 Necessary and Sufficient Conditions

2.2 Negations

2.3 Mathematical Disproofs

2.4 Conjunction and Disjunction

2.5 Truth Tables

2.6 Logical Equivalence. Tautologies

Chapter 3 More about Logic

3.1 Converses and Contrapositives

3.2 On the Validity of a Proof

3.3 Some Elementary Arguments

3.4 More Elementary Arguments

3.5 Proofs by Contradiction

3.6 Summary

Chapter 4 Sets

4.1 The Notion of a Set

4.2 Set-Building Notation

4.3 Subsets. Equality of Sets

4.4 Union and Intersection

4.5 The Difference of Two Sets. Complements

Chapter 5 Set Theory and Logic

5.1 Set Diagrams

5.2 Sets and Language. Venn Diagrams

5.3 Applying Set Theory to Arguments

Chapter 6 Counting

6.1 The Notion of Counting

6.2 More About Infinity

6.3 More About Countable Sets

6.4 The Notion of Number

6.5 The Addition of Cardinal Numbers

Chapter 7 The Cartesian Product. Functions

7.1 The Cartesian Product of Two Sets

7.2 The Multiplication of Cardinal Numbers

7.3 Functions

7.4 More About Functions

7.5 Composition of Functions

Chapter 8 Relations

8.1 The Notion of a Relation

8.2 Equivalence Relations

8.3 A Definition of the Integers

8.4 0rderings

Chapter 9 More about Total Ordering

9.1 The Ordering of the Integers, an Intuitive View

9.2 The Ordering of the Integers, a Formal View

9.3 Finite Induction

9.4 Another Definition of the Integers

Chapter 10 Probability

10.1 The Nature of Probability

10.2 The Basic Rules of Probability

10.3 Methods of Assigning Probabilities

10.4 Sampling

10.5 Some Special Probabilities

Chapter 11 An Elementary Geometry

11.1 The Projective Plane

11.2 Basic Properties of the Projective Plane

11.3 The Affine Plane

Chapter 12 Conclusion

Appendix

Answer to Odd-Numbered Exercises

Index of Symbols

Index

 
 
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