英译汉教程
分類: 图书,英语与其他外语,大学英语,教材,
品牌: 连淑能
基本信息·出版社:高等教育出版社
·页码:367 页
·出版日期:2006年
·ISBN:7040189380
·条形码:9787040189384
·包装版本:1版
·装帧:平装
·开本:16
·正文语种:中文/英语
产品信息有问题吗?请帮我们更新产品信息。
内容简介《英译汉教程》将翻译理论课、技巧课和实践课融为一体,提供了一套可供课堂操作的英汉翻译基础教程。
作者简介连淑能(1942-),厦门大学外文学院教授、博士生导师,荣获国务院颁发的政府特殊津贴。1996—1999年任厦门大学外文系系主任,1999—2003年任外文学院院长,现兼任中国英汉语比较研究会副会长、中国人文社会科学核心期刊《外语与外语教学》顾问和编委等。曾任驻外大使馆和专家组翻译,赴英国牛津大学和剑桥大学、美国俄勒冈大学和威拉姆特大学讲学、研究。荣获福建省“三育人先进个人”称号、厦门市优秀教师称号、厦门大学最高奖“南强奖”一等奖(合作)、厦门大学研究生“良师益友”称号等。主要研究方向为汉英语言与中西文化、翻译理论与技巧、跨文化交际学,已发表80多篇论文和18部论著、编著、译著,合作承担国家863计划课题“自然语言理解与机器翻译”,荣获20多项奖项。代表作《英汉对比研究》荣获国家教委颁发的第二届全国高等学校出版社优秀学术著作优秀奖、福建省第三届社会科学优秀成果一等奖,并被选送参加国际书展。
编辑推荐《英译汉教程》主要供高等院校英语专业本科高年级或同等程度的学生作为英汉翻译课在课堂教学中使用,也可供有同等英语水平的翻译自学者使用。
目录
Chapter1 GeneraIPrlnclpies 1
1.1 What is Translation? 1
1.1.1 Linguistic Views on Translation 1
1.1.2 Cultural Views on Translation 1
1.1.3 Literary Views on Translation 2
1.1.4 Semantic Views on Translation 2
1.1.5 Functional Views on Translation 3
1.1.6 Communicative Views on Translation 3
1.2 The Assessment of Translation 3
1.2.1 Translation Criteria Put Forward by Famous Translators or Translation Theorists 3
1.2.2 Other Factors Affecting the Evaluation of Translation 6
1.2.3 Criteria for Beginners of Translation 7
1.2.4 Translation Proficiency: the Requirements of the Teaching Syllabus for the English Major (中国高等学校英语专业英语教学大纲对翻译教学的要求) 7
1.3 The Competence of a Translator 8
1.3.1 Excellent Command of the Two Languages 8
1.3.2 Considerable Knowledge of the Two Cultures 9
1.3.3 Adequate Knowledge of the Subject Matter 11
1.3.4 Fair Capacity for Writing 11
1.3.5 Plenty of Practice and Adequate Knowledge of Translation Theories and Skills 11
1.3.6 Skills in the Use of Information Technology 12
1.4 Translation Strategies 12
1.4.1 Literal Translation and Free Translation 12
1.4.2 Foreignizing Translation and Domesticating Translation 13
1.4.3 Style and Translation 15
1.5 Basic Processes in Translating 19
1.5.1 The Four-phase Process in Translating 19
1.5.2 Some Dos and Don'ts for Students 21
1.5.3 Procedures of Translation by a Team 21
Chapter 2 Contrastlve Studies of English and Chinese 25
2.1 Studies of the English Language 25
2.1.1 External History: Historical Information Related to the English Language 25
2.1.2 Internal History: a Linguistic Review 28
2.1.3 Some Characteristics of English 29 2.2 Studies of the Chinese Language 31
2.2.1 Some Major Factors Affecting the Chinese Language 31
2.2.2 Some Characteristics of Modern Chinese 32 2.3 English vs. Chinese: Ten Pairs of Features 38
2.3.1 Synthetic vs. Analytic (综合语与分析语) 38
2.3.2 Rigid vs. Supple (刚性与柔性) 44
2.3.3 Hypotactic vs. Paratactic (形合与意合) 47
2.3.4 Complex vs. Simplex (繁复与简短) 49
2.3.5 Impersonal vs. Personal (物称与人称) 50
2.3.6 Passive vs. Active (被动与主动) 52
2.3.7 Static vs. Dynamic (静态与动态) 54
2.3.8 Abstract vs. Concrete (抽象与具体) 55
2.3.9 Indirect vs. Direct (间接与直接) 56
2.3.10 Substitutive vs. Repetitive (替换与重复) 59 Conclusion 66
Chapter 3 Dlctlon(选词法) 67
3.1 Choice of Affective Meanings 67
3.2 Choice of Grammatical Meanings 70
3.3 Choice of Contextual Meanings 71
3.4 Choice of Collocative Meanings 72
3.5 Choice of Stylistic Meanings 74
3.6 Choice of Ambiguous Meanings 81
3.7 Choice of Extended Meanings 83
3.8 Choice of Equivalent Meanings 87
3.9 Choice of Exact Meanings 92
3.10 Choice of Different Chinese Words to Translate the Same English Word or Use of the Same Chinese Word(s).to Translate Different English Words 95
Conclusion 102
Chapter 4 Conversion (转换法) 103 4.1 Conversion of Word Classes 103
4.2 Conversion of Sentence Members 114
4.3 Conversion of Impersonal Subjects 118
4.4 Conversion of Perspectives 125
Conclusion 128
Chapter5 Addltlon(增补法) 129
5.1 Structural Addition 129
5.2 Semantic Addition 130
5.3 Rhetorical Addition 140
Conclusion 144
Chapter 60missln(省略法) 146
6.1 Omission of Words Peculiar to English 146
6.2 Omission of Words Superfluous in Chinese 149
Conclusion 162
Chapter7 Repetitlon (重复法) 164
7.1 Grammatical Repetition 165
7.2 Rhetorical Reduplication and Repetition 170
Conclusion 183
Chapter 8 Inverslon(倒置法) 184
8.1 Inversion of Word Order in Translating Word-Groups or Phrases 184
8.2 Inversion of Word Order in Translating Attributes 185
8.3 Position of Adjective Clauses 188
8.4 Inversion of Adverbials 193
8.5 Position of Adverbial Clauses 194
8.6 Inversion of Sentence Structure 196
Conclusion 205
Chapter 9 Negation(反译法) 208
9.1 Transfer of the Negative 208
9.2 Conversion of the Affirmative into the Negative 211
9.3 Conversion of the Negative into the Affirmative 213
9.4 Translation of English Questions and Answers 216
9.5 Translation of Various Kinds of Negations 220
Conclusion 251
Chapter 10 Division (拆译法) 252
10.1 Picking Out of Words 252
10.2 Picking Out of Phrases 254
10.3 Splitting of Complex Sentences 256
10.4 Splitting of the Whole Sentence 262
Conclusion 268
Chapter11 Condensation(缩译法) 270
11.1 Condensation of Phrases and Clauses 270
11.2 Condensation of Complex Sentences into Simple Sentences 271
11.3 Condensation of Compound Sentences into Simple Sentences 273
11.4 Condensation of Two or More Simple Sentences into One Simple Sentence 273
Conclusion 276
Chapter12 Translation of the Passive (被动式译法) 277
12.1 Features of the English Passive 277
12.2 Features of the Chinese Passive 279
12.3 Common Ways to Translate the English Passive 282
Conclusion 289
Chapter 13 Translatien of Long Sentences(长句译法) 290
13.1 Features of Long English Sentences 290
13.2 Features of Chinese Equivalents to Long English Sentences 291
13.3 Common Ways to Translate Long Sentences 292
Conclusion 311
Chapter14 Translation of Culture-loaded Expressions(文化词语译法) 313
14.1 ForeignizingTranslation 313
14.2 Domesticating Translation 317
14.3 Semantic Translation 320
14.4 Three Don'ts in Translating English Idioms 322
14.5 Proper Use of Chinese Idioms in Translation 330
Conclusion 343
Chapter 15 Translation ol Proper Nouns and Technical Terms (专有名词和专门术语译法) 344
15.1 Transliteration 344
15.2 Semantic Translation 349
15.3 Both Transliteration and Semantic Translation 350
15.4 Shape-related Symbol Translation with a Semantic Explanation Added at the End 351
15.5 Semantic Translation with the Original Alphabet, Abbreviation or Number at the Beginning or at the End 351
15.6 Borrowing of the Original Abbreviation 351
15.7 Coinage of New Characters 352
Conclusion 357
Appendix Table on English-Chinese Transliteration (英汉译音表) 359
References 360
Further Reading 362
……[看更多目录]
序言本教材主要供高等院校英语专业本科高年级或同等程度的学生作为英汉翻译课在课堂教学中使用,也可供有同等英语水平的翻译自学者使用。
本教材试图将翻译理论课、技巧课和实践课融为一体,提供一套可供课堂操作的英汉翻译基础教程。为了提高教学效果,编者主要在以下几个方面作了努力:
1.针对学生的水平和可能遇到的问题,尽力符合《高等学校英语专业英语教学大纲》(2000:10,以下简称《大纲》对英语专业六级的英译汉教学要求:“初步了解翻译基础理论和英、汉两种语言的异同,并掌握常用的翻译技巧,能将中等难度的英语篇章或段落译成汉语。译文忠实原文,语言通顺,速度为每小时250~300个英文单词。”
英语专业三年级学生经过了一、二年级“阅读”、“语法”和“写作”等基础课程的训练,对中等难度的英语篇章或段落虽有了一定的理解能力,但准确理解原文并用通顺的汉语表达,仍然有不少困难。如何将原文忠实地翻译成通顺的汉语,是需要解决的问题。这类学生修完了二年级的英语语法课程,进入三、四年级系统翻译训练的入门阶段,比较能够适应的是与英语语法相联系的传统翻译基础教程。此外,根据调查结果,“翻译教材用户肯定并普遍欢迎传统教材的编写体系与翻译技巧”(张美芳:《中国英汉翻译教材研究》1949-1998,2001:146)。因此,本教材主要以传统翻译教材的编写体系与翻译技巧为基础编写,兼顾篇章翻译法,同时,也适当地引入翻译功能流派和当代译论流派的某些理论或观点,为学生进一步学习和研究打好基础。
2.体现当代教育改革所提倡的“启发式”教学法。《大纲》(2000:13)要求,“课堂教学应以学生为主体、教师为主导,改变过去以教师为中心的教学模式,注重培养学生的学习能力和研究能力。在教学中要多开展以任务为中心的、形式多样的教学活动。在加强基础训练的同时,采用启发式、讨论式、发现式和研究式的教学方法,充分调动学生学习的积极性,激发学生的学习动机,最大限度地让学生参与学习的全过程。引导学生主动积极地利用现有图书资料和网上信息,获取知识,并使学生在运用知识的过程中培养各种能力。同时,要注意教学方法的多样性,要根据不同的教学对象、教学内容、教学目的和要求,选择相应的教学方法,并鼓励教师积极探索新的教学方法。”
本教材的对策是:“采用画龙点睛、精讲多练、突出重点、启发引导、由浅入深、循序渐进、活泼多样等办法,让学生能积极独立思考,并对翻译课产生浓厚的兴趣。教材设计要求学生课前预习,参照有关提示和译例,预先做完该课练习,教师则在课堂边提问、边讲评,边阐述和讲解理论技巧、边分析和解答习题,使讲解与训练融为一体,以利学习和掌握。教材给学生留有足够的思考空间,让学生积极参与课堂教学,教师通过启发与引导,使学生掌握理论和技巧,这比教师单独‘注入式’的讲解理论和技巧,效果要好得多”(学生对本教材的评语)。教材还让教师有纲目可循,有丰富的材料和练习可选用,并有充足的余地可自行发挥。编者曾用本教材对香港的一些学生进行函授,效果也很好。
文摘插图: