油品应用工程专业英语(高等院校“十一五”规划教材)
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品牌: 陈波水
基本信息·出版社：中国石化出版社
·页码：202 页
·出版日期：2010年01月
·ISBN：9787511401359
·条形码：9787511401359
·版本：第1版
·装帧：平装
·开本：16
·正文语种：英语
·丛书名：高等院校“十一五”规划教材
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内容简介教材是教学的基本要素之一。《油品应用工程专业英语》旨在为油品应用工程专业的专业英语教学提供一本比较系统的教学用书。书中课文和阅读材料均选自英美原版书刊，语言地道，所涉及的专业内容既照顾系统性，也考虑了先进性。通过学习本教材，可以对油品应用工程专业有一个相对全面的了解，包括专业内容、专业动态和文章题材等。
《油品应用工程专业英语》课文主要用于课堂教学，阅读材料和练习主要用于课后阅读和作业。教师可根据具体情况，有选择地安排教学。《油品应用工程专业英语》虽经多次补充和完善，但限于编者水平，不足之处在所难免，恳请广大师生和读者批评指正。
编辑推荐《油品应用工程专业英语》：高等院校“十一五”规划教材
目录
Lesson 1 Energy
Lesson 2 Petroleum
Lesson 3 Origin of Petroleum
Lesson 4 Petroleum Production
Lesson 5 Petroleum Refining
Lesson 6 Gasoline
Lesson 7 Kerosene
Lesson 8 Diesel fuel
Lesson 9 Lubricating Oil
Lesson 10 Automotive Oil
Lesson 11 Lubricating Grease
Lesson 12 Solid Lubricant
Lesson 13 Asphalt
Lesson 14 Petrochemicals
Lesson 15 Petroleum Additives
Lesson 16 Combustion of Fuels
Lesson 17 Viscosity
Lesson 18 Friction and Wear
Lesson 19 Lubrication
Lesson 20 Tribology
Appendix I Petroleum Glossary
Appendix Ⅱ Organizations Abbreviations
Appendix Ⅲ Answer Keys
……[看更多目录]
序言如果说学习英语主要是为了借鉴国外先进科技知识，为我国的现代化建设服务，那么阅读国外专业科技文献则是达到此目的的最重要、最现实的手段。不少人有这样一种错误认识：只要能读懂英文报刊、小说，阅读专业科技书刊就不成问题。实际上，英文科技书刊有许多与英文报刊、小说不同的特点，仍需要我们去学习和掌握。比如，专业科技书刊就其语言来说被动句多、长句多、专业词汇多等。为了帮助油品应用工程专业的本科生和相关专业的工程技术人员学习专业英语，我们编写了此书。
教材是教学的基本要素之一。本书旨在为油品应用工程专业的专业英语教学提供一本比较系统的教学用书。书中课文和阅读材料均选自英关原版书刊，语言地道，所涉及的专业内容既照顾系统性，也考虑了先进性。通过学习本教材，可以对油品应用工程专业有一个相对全面的了解，包括专业内容、专业动态和文章题材等。
本书课文主要用于课堂教学，阅读材料和练习主要用于课后阅读和作业。教师可根据具体情况，有选择地安排教学。本书虽经多次补充和完善，但限于编者水平，不足之处在所难免，恳请广大师生和读者批评指正。
本书编写过程中始终得到后勤工程学院油品应用工程教研室熊云教授的关怀和帮助。后勤工程学院王蒙、冯静、林诗帆、肖璐薇、姚代勇、孙璐等同志参与部分内容编写和修校，在此一并表示感谢。
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Generally, with catenation comes the loss of the total amount of bonded hydrocarbons and anincrease in the amount of energy required for bond cleavage due to strain exerted upon the m01e-cule; in molecules such as cyclohexane, this is referred to as ring strain, and 0ccurs due to the'destabilized' spatial electron configuration of the atom.
In simple chemistry, as per valence bond theory, the carbon atom must follow the '4-hydrogenrule', which states that the maximum number of atoms available to bond with carbon is equal to thenumber of electrons that are attracted into the outer shell of carbon. In terms of shells, carbon con-sists of an incomplete outer shell, which comprises 4 electrons, and thus has 4 electrons availablefor covalent bonding.
Hydrocarbons are one of the Earth's most important energy resources. Hydrocarbons are cur-rently the main source of the world' s electric energy and heat sources because of the energy pro-duced when burnt. Often this energy is used directly as heat such as in home heaters, which use ei-ther oil or natural gas. The hydrocarbon is burnt and the heat is used to heat water, which is thencirculated. A similar principle is used to create electric energy in power plants. Hydrocarbons areburnt and the energy released in this way is used to turn water into steam, which is used to turn aturbine that generates energy.
In an ideal reaction, the waste would be only water and carbon dioxide, but because the coalis not pure or clean there are often many toxic byproducts such as mercury and arsenic. Also, in-complete combustion causes the production of carbon monoxide （CO） which is toxic to humans dueto its tendency to bind to hemoglobin molecules in the bloodstream. Once bound, CO does not allowoxygen to be carried by hemoglobin and can result in hypoxia. Incomplete combustion also has a by-product of carbon in the form of soot.