大多数的经营当中，不可能确切地知道产品的未来需求量。为此，必须有需求量的预测工作。这不只为了确定短期内的投入量，而且也是为了逐步地适应未来的需求量。主管部门可以借助于准确的预测，做出计划，使当前的产出量逐步地。平稳地达到未来所需要的产出量。预测工作与计划工作中的其他方面一样，简繁的差别是很大的，它可以使用直觉的估计方法，也可以运用复杂的计量经济学和统计模式。精确的预测可以大大地减少生产波动，从而降低生产费用。经理除了集中精力于拟定总产量计划外，还必须拟定很细致的按客户特定的规格要求生产的进度计划工作。在加工定货式的生产情况下，作业任务基本上是按定单加工，生产经营是周期性的。加工定货式生产的产品品种多，它的经营特点比之于生产标准产品的计划工作时限要短，并且面临着需求量很不稳定的情况。加工定货式生产的进度计划必须做两项工作：决定各道做出的加工次序；决定哪些机器或加工中心应当加工哪些作业。加工定货式的生产计划工作常常包括研究制定一种安排进度计划的具体规则。
參考答案:列宁说Help to translate into English, a little many, thanks
Put a price on someone's head to divide: 5 - Leaving the question finishes having 14 days and 23 hours
In most management , can not know the future demand for the products precisely . For this reason , there must be prediction work of demand. Not only in order to confirm the input amount shortly this, but also for meet the demand in the future progressively . Responsible institution can with the aid of accurate prediction , make plan , make present quantity of output progressively. Reach the quantity of output needed in the future steadily. Predict the work , like other respects in the planning work , the simple difference in great numbers is very great, it can use the intuition estimation method , can use complicated econometrics and statistical model too. Accurate prediction can reduce production and fluctuate greatly , thus reduce the producing cost .
The manager is besides concentrating energy drafting the aggregate planning, must also draft very careful progress planning work produced according to customer's specific specification request . In process the production of fixing the design cases, the task of the homework is processed according to the order form basically, the production and management is periodic. Processing wide in variety products that design produce definitely, as on to time limit short planning work management characteristic of it have standardized product of producing as it, and face the situation with very unstable demand. Must do two jobs while processing the progress plan of design production definitely: Determine every processing order made ; It is determined which homework which machine or machining center should be processed. Process the production planning work of making the design often including discussing and making the concrete rule that a kind of arrangement progress planned.
