谁能帮我解释一下莎士比亚十四行诗Sonnet18也就是那首“Shall I compare thee to a Summer’s day？”里的问题
有一句叫“And often is his gold complexion dimm'd"这句里面dimm'd是什么意思？
求解 非常感谢！！！
參考答案:Explanation of Contents
This is the fourth edition of these pages. It is hard to believe, but once again they are new and improved. My motive in publishing these pages remains to help and stimulate others in Shakespeare studies, and especially those who might contribute their work to the Internet. The spirit of altruism that originally built the Internet is not quite gone, though, sadly, through the pressures of time and profit has diminished. If you find links which would be a good addition to these pages, please write so that I might add them.
A major new addition to the pages is a Shakespeare Timeline (requires frames), which is an online biography mounted at this site. Part of the timeline is a separate Shakespeare genealogical chart and a timeline summary chart that places the events of Shakespeare's life into historical context. A bibliography is included for those wishing to pursue their own research.
The critical resources page has grown to the extent that it has been sub-divided into several pages. The Searching page has been greatly modified and now contains links to specifically Shakespearean search tools and also the "Metasites" (those sites which are an index to other sites, like this one).
The graphics banners with this version are all new and of my own invention, but using certain public domain materials found on the Internet. If I have somehow inadvertently used someone's copyrighted materials, please let me know and I will remove them immediately.
From the beginning these pages have been an annotated guide to the scholarly Shakespeare resources on the Internet. By 'annotated' I mean I give my opinions about the sites and try to indicate what their strengths may be.
The problems with searching for Shakespeare (or any other) resources using the available Search Engines are:
It is difficult to focus most searches so that you get a manageable number of relevant hits;
It is impossible by simply reading an abstract to winnow the chaff from the wheat; meaning that the Internet search tools make no distinctions between the output of a Junior High School student and that of a professional researcher.
Perhaps this is the democracy we prize on the Internet, but if you are doing research, you are bound to end up either overwhelmed or deceived. Thus, the need for an annotated guide. It is an attempt to lower the frustration factor. It also attempts to be more thorough than traditional Internet indexes, like Yahoo, in the specialized field of Shakespeare studies.
I have attempted to categorize the resources as logically as possible, and the major subdivisions are reflected in the menu at the upper left of each major page. The "Works" page, for example, not only contains links to the various collected and individual Internet editions of Shakespeare's plays, but also contains links for the canon in general, links to this site's edition of Charles and Mary Lamb's Tales From Shakespeare, links to available study guides, to non-English editions of the plays, to the non-dramatic poetry, to quotes, bibliographies, and booksellers and publishers. Each of the other major menu items have a similar set of sub-divisions which I hope are logically arranged. Where a page is linked from a sub-page, but not from the main menu or the home page, I list it at the top of the linking page as a "related linked page." Use the site map to get an overview of the entire layout.
What I consider to be the best Shakespeare related sites on the web I have summarized as Five Diamond Sites. This is not meant as a disparagement on the many good sites which I have not so designated. It is just a way to save harried students some time and to recognized the truly outstanding labors of theses "Five Diamond" web authors.
By 'scholarly' I mean those sites that will interest serious students of Shakespeare, Elizabethan drama or the Renaissance in general. The real emphasis is on web sites, but gopher, telnet, usenet and listserv tools are all included. The sorts of resources that are not indexed here are book advertisements, book reviews (generally), director's notes to productions (unless outstanding for scholarly merit), and most commercial sites, unless they are related to educational products in which instructors may be interested. The exceptions to all these rules occur on the "Other Sites" page. Furthermore, since I have received so many requests, I have added performance and festival information on a separate page, and give the scholarly theatre information on a different (but linked) Theatre page. Pernicious above all sites are those that sell Shakespeare research papers to students. You will not find links to them here.
Another change in these pages over previous editions is the "What's News" page. As its name implies it is used to announce exciting new sites, colloquia, special events, and even publish intermittent reviews.
If you come away from these pages with the feeling that they are very useful but slightly pedantic, I will have realized my goal.
I hope I have not been overly influenced by the traditional prejudices against minority views, and have therefore included links to sites such as The Oxford Society page (which is well designed and presents substantial, interesting material) and the pages of the Richard III Society (among the best on the web for serious content and scholarship!). For those sites which one would not describe as "scholarly," I have included a page called "Other Sites". Other is the operative word. They can be described as "sites your mother should have warned you about." They range from mildly amusing (like the ubiquitous Shakespeare Insult Server) to the truly lunatic. (Do you believe that Shakespeare translated the Bible or that William Shatner can sing?)
An Apology
I am continually apologizing to the many who have written me requesting revisions of the pages. We are all too busy. I simply have not had the time to dedicate to these pages that I wish. But I love the material and so have, at long last, made some time to update them. I'm sorry if you expected to see your favorite site linked here and have been long disappointed.
The URL where these pages are mounted has changed, and is:
If you are seeing this page at any other URL, or on a CD (yes, this has happened) it is not authorized.
A Reminder to young Students
These pages contain the best links I can find to Shakespeare on the Internet. I keep looking. As a reminder, I would say I very much enjoy hearing from people who view and use these pages, but I really do not have the time to participate in your research projects. If you want to do Shakespeare research using the web, this page is a great starting point, and I keep it as current as I can. If you can't find what you are looking for here, use the search engines to try to focus your search or find new material which I have not yet been able to include. The web is in its infancy in bringing good, scholarly content to students. Don't forget the best, if not quickest, resources are still in your library. If you are stuck, perhaps you can get a reference librarian in your local library to help you. The librarians at the library where I work are experts at both print and electronic media.
I receive two species of emails from students. The first goes something like,
"Send me everything you know about this or that quickly. I am desperate and have a report due tomorrow."
The other goes,
"Do you know of a site where I can find out about this or that."
Regarding the second, if I know of a site, I have included it in the index already, so learn how the index works and look there.
Regarding the first, as I said above, I simply do not have time, nor would it be right, I think you will agree upon reflection, for me to do your work for you.
Much as I wish to further Shakespeare research, requests for materials (especially from high school students telling me how , by the way, they were just pondering Hamlet and procrastination, or Romeo and Juliet and predestination), must go unanswered. If you wish to read more on my policy regarding student inquiries, and information on Internet in general, you may read my note to students.
Notices & Copyrights
The opinions expressed on these pages are entirely my own and do not represent the views of Palomar College. I can say with certainty that my department and employer would never own up to my views. This is copyrighted material, and you may not duplicate the original materials or their html renderings without permission. These materials may not be used in a for profit venture.
Thanks
Thanks to all who have written with suggestions for improvements. This is the sort of thing I really like. If you have a link that belongs here, please let me know. Thanks also to the many altruistic and truly generous people who have made resource sharing on the Internet a reality. As these pages continue to develop, I hope to emulate their example. Thanks also to those who have granted this site recognition and awards.
参考资料：引自:Introduction to Mr. William Shakespeare and the Internet
