Statuses are marvelous human inventions that enable us to get along with one another and to determine where we ”fit” in society .As we go about our everyday lives , we mentally attempt to place people in terms of their statuses. For example, we must judge whether the person in the library is a reader or a librarian, whether the telephone caller is a friend or a person in the library is a reader or a librarian, whether the telephone caller is a friend or a salesman, whether the unfamiliar person on our property is a thief or a meter reader, and so on.
The statuses we assume often vary with the people we encounter, and change throughout life. Most of us can, at very high speed, assume the statuses that various situations require. Much of social interaction consists of identifying and selecting among appropriate statuses and allowing other people to assume their statuses in relation to us. This means that we fit our actions to those of other people based on a constant mental process of appraisal and interpretation. Although some of us find the task more difficult than others, most of us perform it rather effortlessly.
A status has been compared to ready-made clothes. Within certain limits, the buyer can choose style and fabric. But an American is not free to choose the costume of a Chinese peasant or that of Hindu prince. We must choose from among the clothing presented by our society. Furthermore, our choice is limited to a size that will fit, as well as by our pocketbook. Having made a choice within these limits we can have certain alterations made, but apart from minor adjustments, we tend to be limited to what the stores have on their racks. Statuses too come ready made, and the range of choice among theme is limited.
參考答案:状态是使我们能够和彼此相处并且决定的令人惊异的人类发明哪里我们在社会中的 " 适宜 " 。当我们处理我们的每天生命 ,我们心理上尝试把人放根据他们的状态。 举例来说，我们一定判断在图书馆的人是否是一个读者或者一个图书馆员, 是否电话来电者在图书馆中是一位朋友或者一个人是一个读者或者一个图书馆员, 是否电话来电者是一位朋友或者一个售货员,是否在我们的财产上的不熟悉的人是一个小偷或一个公尺读者,等等。
我们时常承担的状态因我们遇到的人 , 和在生活各处的变化而改变。 我们大部份能，以最高速，承担状态各种不同的情形需要。 许多的社会交互作用在适当的状态之中有识别而且选择而且让其他的人关于我们承担他们的状态。 这意谓我们适合对以评价和解释的一个持续心智程序为基础的其他人的我们的行动。 虽然我们其中的一些找工作比其它更困难，但是我们大部份宁可容易运行它。
一种状态已经被与现成的衣服相较。 在特定的极限里面，买主能选择风格和织物。 但是一个美国人不自由的选择印度王子的中国农民的装束或那。 我们一定在被我们的社会呈现的衣服之中中选择。 此外，我们的选择被限制到将会适合的大小, 连同被我们的笔记本。 有作这些极限里面的选择我们能有特定的做变更, 但是除了较小的调整之外，我们容易到商店有在他们的架上的被限制。 状态也来 , 预备好的状态制造，而且在主题之中的多种选择是有限。
