大学1年级C语言程序实践题:
一.学生管理系统,要求将学生的学号.姓名.性别.成绩以二叉树或动态链表存放在studio,txt文件中.通过以下拉菜单完成以下功能:
1.插入学生成绩
2.一定条件修改某些学生成绩
3.一定条件删除某些学生成绩
4.条件查询和模糊查询
5.将学生消息按成绩降序排列 放在studio,txt文件中
6.按不同分数段统计学生数,以饼图显现
二.扑克牌排序
从54张中选10张,背面朝上,然后逐一掀开,按数字大小排列.
数字相同时:黑桃>红桃>梅花>方片
用气泡法或选择法排序,并且动态显示排序过程
三.图书馆管理系统,要求实现用户(师生)与图书的基本消息管理与借还操作
參考答案:#include<iostream>
#include<fstream>
#include<string>
#include <iomanip>
#include<windows.h>
#include<ctime>
using namespace std;
const int NAME_NUM=30;
struct student
{
char name[NAME_NUM];
float num;
float chinaNum;
float englishNum;
float mathNum;
float average;
float result;
int pos;
student *next;
};
void Print(student *head);
void InsertFront(student* &head, student *pNew);
void InsertRear(student* &head, student *pNew);
student* Find(student *head, char *findStr, char type);
student* Read();
void Write(student* head);
void ShowList(student* head);
int GetLength(student* head);
void Delete(student* &head, char *delStr,int delNum);
void FindMaxOrMin(student *head,char type,char maxOrMin);
void Reword(student *pStd);
void Sort(student *&head, char type,char maxOrMin);
void Count(student *&head);
void DeleteAll(student *&head);
bool Enter(char type);
void SetTitle(bool isLoad);
void AboutMe();
void ChaXun(string str,student *head);
void PaiMing(string str, student* head);
void ShanChu(string str, student *&head);
void XianShi(string str, student *head);
void XuiGai(string str, student *&head);
void ZengJia(string str, student* &head);
int Run();
bool Enter(char type)
{
ofstream out("Password.pwd",ios::app);
ifstream in("Password.pwd");
string s[2];
int num=0;
string zhangHao;
string miMa;
while(!in.eof())
{
in>>s[num];
num++;
if(num==2)
{
break;
}
}
if(s[0].compare("")==0 || type=='2' )
{
if(s[0].compare("")==0 && type!='2')
{
cout<<"你是第一次使用本程序,请设置帐号和密码."<<endl;
}
else
{
bool isLoad=false;
isLoad=Enter('1');
if(isLoad==true)
{
cout<<"修改用户."<<endl;
out.close();
out.open("Password.pwd",ios::trunc);
}
else
{
cout<<"你输入的密码错误."<<endl;
cout<<"你不是管理员不能修改密码."<<endl;
return false;
}
}
cout<<"请输入您的新帐号: ";
cin>>s[0];
cout<<"请输入您的新密码: ";
cin>>s[1];
string s1,s2;
for(int i=0; i<s[0].size(); i++)
{
s1+=char(int(s[0][i])+11);
}
for( i=0; i<s[1].size(); i++)
{
s2+=char(int(s[1][i])+11);
}
s[0]=s1;
s[1]=s2;
for( i=0; i<=1; i++)
{
out<<s[i]<<" ";
}
out.close();
}
string s1,s2;
for(int i=0; i<s[0].size(); i++)
{
s1+=char(int(s[0][i])-11);
}
for( i=0; i<s[1].size(); i++)
{
s2+=char(int(s[1][i])-11);
}
cout<<"请输入您的帐号: ";
cin>>zhangHao;
cout<<"请输入您的密码: ";
cin>>miMa;
if(zhangHao.compare(s1)==0 && miMa.compare(s2)==0)
{
return true;
}
else
{
return false;
}
return false;
}
void Print(student *head)
{
student *pHead=head;
int num=strlen(head->name);
while(head)
{
if(num<strlen(head->name))
{
num=strlen(head->name);
}
head=head->next;
}
head=pHead;
cout<<setw(num)<<head->name<<setw(8)
<<head->num<<setw(10)<<head->chinaNum
<<setw(10)<<head->mathNum<<setw(10)
<<head->englishNum<<setw(8)<<head->result
<<setw(8)<<head->average<<setw(5)<<head->pos<<endl;
}
void ShowList(student* head)
{
cout<<"姓名:"<<setw(8)<<"座号:"<<setw(10)
<<"语文分数:"<<setw(10) <<"数学分数:"
<<setw(10)<<"英语分数:"<<setw(8)<<"总分数:"
<<setw(8)<<"平均分:"<<setw(6)<<"名次:"<<endl<<endl;
while(head)
{
Count(head);
Print(head);
head=head->next;
}
cout<<endl;
}
void Write(student* head)
{
ofstream out("Student.dat",ios::trunc);
while(head)
{
Count(head);
out.write((char*)head,sizeof(student));
head=head->next;
}
out.close();
}
student* Read()
{
ifstream in("Student.dat");
student *head;
student *pP;
student *pEnd;
pP=new student;
pEnd=head=pP;
student *pS=new student;
memset(pS->name,0,NAME_NUM);
in.read((char*)pS,sizeof(student));
if(strcmp(pS->name,"\0")==0)
{
return NULL;
}
strcpy(pP->name,pS->name);
pP->num=pS->num;
pP->chinaNum=pS->chinaNum;
pP->englishNum=pS->englishNum;
pP->mathNum=pS->mathNum;
while(!in.eof())
{
in.read((char*)pS,sizeof(student));
pEnd->next=pP;
pEnd=pP;
pP=new student;
strcpy(pP->name,pS->name);
pP->num=pS->num;
pP->chinaNum=pS->chinaNum;
pP->englishNum=pS->englishNum;
pP->mathNum=pS->mathNum;
}
pEnd->next=NULL;
delete pP;
return head;
}
student* Find(student *head,char *findStr, char type)
{
/*参数说明:
type=='1' 按 名字 查找
type=='2' 按 座号 查找
type=='3' 按 语文 查找
type=='4' 按 数学 查找
type=='5' 按 英语 查找
type=='6' 按 总分 查找
type=='7' 按 平均分 查找
type=='8' 按 排名 查找 //没有实现
*/
bool isFind=false;
student *firstStd=NULL;
cout<<"姓名:"<<setw(8)<<"座号:"<<setw(10)
<<"语文分数:"<<setw(10) <<"数学分数:"
<<setw(10)<<"英语分数:"<<setw(8)<<"总分数:"
<<setw(8)<<"平均分:"<<setw(5)<<"名次:"<<endl<<endl;
while(head)
{
if(type=='1')
{
if(strcmp(head->name,findStr)==0)
{
if(firstStd==NULL)
{
firstStd=head;
}
Print(head);
isFind=true;
if(head->next==NULL)
{
return firstStd;
}
}
}
else if(type=='2')
{
if(int(head->num)==int(atof(findStr)))
{
if(firstStd==NULL)
{
firstStd=head;
}
Print(head);
isFind=true;
if(head->next==NULL)
{
return firstStd;
}
}
}
else if(type=='3')
{
if(int(head->chinaNum)==int(atof(findStr)))
{
if(firstStd==NULL)
{
firstStd=head;
}
Print(head);
isFind=true;
if(head->next==NULL)
{
return firstStd;
}
}
}
else if(type=='4')
{
if(int(head->mathNum)==int(atof(findStr)))
{
if(firstStd==NULL)
{
firstStd=head;
}
Print(head);
isFind=true;
if(head->next==NULL)
{
return firstStd;
}
}
}
else if(type=='5')
{
if(int(head->englishNum)==int(atof(findStr)))
{
if(firstStd==NULL)
{
firstStd=head;
}
Print(head);
isFind=true;
if(head->next==NULL)
{
return firstStd;
}
}
}
else if(type=='6')
{
if(int(head->result)==int(atof(findStr)))
{
if(firstStd==NULL)
{
firstStd=head;
}
Print(head);
isFind=true;
if(head->next==NULL)
{
return firstStd;
}
}
}
else if(type=='7')
{
if(int(head->average)==int(atof(findStr)))
{
if(firstStd==NULL)
{
firstStd=head;
}
Print(head);
isFind=true;
if(head->next==NULL)
{
return firstStd;
}
}
}
else if(type=='8')
{
if(int(head->pos)==int(atof(findStr)))
{
if(firstStd==NULL)
{
firstStd=head;
}
Print(head);
isFind=true;
if(head->next==NULL)
{
return firstStd;
}
}
}
head=head->next;
}
if(isFind==false)
{
cout<<"找不到你要找的记录."<<endl;
return NULL;
}
return firstStd;
}
void InsertRear(student* &head,student *pNew)
{
student *pEnd,*pHead,*pS=new student;
if(head==NULL)
{
InsertFront(head,pNew);
return ;
}
pHead=head;
while(head)
{
pEnd=head;
if(head->next==NULL)
{
break;
}
head=head->next;
}
strcpy(pS->name,pNew->name);
pS->num=pNew->num;
pS->chinaNum=pNew->chinaNum;
pS->englishNum=pNew->englishNum;
pS->mathNum=pNew->mathNum;
pS->next=NULL;
pEnd->next=pS;
head=pHead;
}
void InsertFront(student* &head, student *pNew)
{
student *pHead=new student;
strcpy(pHead->name,pNew->name);
pHead->num=pNew->num;
pHead->chinaNum=pNew->chinaNum;
pHead->englishNum=pNew->englishNum;
pHead->mathNum=pNew->mathNum;
pHead->next=head;
head=pHead;
}
int GetLength(student *head)
{
int len=0;
while(head)
{
len++;
head=head->next;
}
return len;
}
void Delete(student* &head, char *delStr,int delNum)
{
student* pDel,*pNew,*pHead;
bool isFind=false;
pHead=head;
if(strcmp(head->name,delStr)==0)
{
pNew=head->next;
delete head;
head=pNew;
if(delNum==2)
{
cout<<endl<<"因为要删除的记录在前面,所有只删除第一记录."<<endl;
}
return ;
}
while(head->next)
{
if(delNum==2)
{
if(strcmp(head->next->name,delStr)==0)
{
pNew=head->next->next;
pDel=head->next;
delete pDel;
head->next=pNew;
head=pHead;
isFind=true;
}
}
else
{
if(strcmp(head->next->name,delStr)==0)
{
pNew=head->next->next;
pDel=head->next;
delete pDel;
head->next=pNew;
head=pHead;
return ;
}
}
head=head->next;
}
head=pHead;
if(isFind==false)
{
cout<<"找不到你要删除的记录."<<endl;
}
else
{
cout<<"删除记录成功."<<endl;
}
}
void FindMaxOrMin(student *head,char type,char maxOrMin)
{
/*参数说明:
type=='1' 按 语文 查找
type=='2' 按 数学 查找
type=='3' 按 英语 查找
type=='4' 按 总分 查找
type=='5' 按 平均分 查找
type=='6' 按 排名 查找
*/
int maxNum;
student *pHead=head;
if(type=='1')
{
maxNum=int(head->chinaNum);
}
else if (type=='2')
{
maxNum=int(head->mathNum);
}
else if (type=='3')
{
maxNum=int(head->englishNum);
}
else if (type=='4')
{
maxNum=int(head->result);
}
else if (type=='5')
{
maxNum=int(head->average);
}
else if (type=='6')
{
maxNum=head->pos;
}
else
{
cout<<"你输入错误,请重新输入."<<endl;
return ;
}
while(head)
{
if(maxOrMin=='1')
{
if(type=='1')
{
if(maxNum<int(head->chinaNum))
{
maxNum=int(head->chinaNum);
}
}
else if (type=='2')
{
if(maxNum<int(head->mathNum))
{
maxNum=int(head->mathNum);
}
}
else if (type=='3')
{
if(maxNum<int(head->englishNum))
{
maxNum=int(head->englishNum);
}
}
else if (type=='4')
{
if(maxNum<int(head->result))
{
maxNum=int(head->result);
}
}
else if (type=='5')
{
if(maxNum<int(head->average))
{
maxNum=int(head->average);
}
}
else if (type=='6')
{
if(maxNum<head->pos)
{
maxNum=head->pos;
}
}
}
else
{
if(type=='1')
{
if(maxNum>int(head->chinaNum))
{
maxNum=int(head->chinaNum);
}
}
else if (type=='2')
{
if(maxNum>int(head->mathNum))
{
maxNum=int(head->mathNum);
}
}
else if (type=='3')
{
if(maxNum>int(head->englishNum))
{
maxNum=int(head->englishNum);
}
}
else if (type=='4')
{
if(maxNum>int(head->result))
{
maxNum=int(head->result);
}
}
else if (type=='5')
{
if(maxNum>int(head->average))
{
maxNum=int(head->average);
}
}
else if (type=='6')
{
if(maxNum>head->pos)
{
maxNum=head->pos;
}
}
}
head=head->next;
}
head=pHead;
cout<<"姓名:"<<setw(8)<<"座号:"<<setw(10)
<<"语文分数:"<<setw(10) <<"数学分数:"
<<setw(10)<<"英语分数:"<<setw(8)<<"总分数:"
<<setw(8)<<"平均分:"<<setw(5)<<"名次:"<<endl<<endl;
while(head)
{
if(type=='1')
{
if(int(head->chinaNum)==maxNum)
{
Print(head);
}
}
else if (type=='2')
{
if(int(head->mathNum)==maxNum)
{
Print(head);
}
}
else if (type=='3')
{
if(int(head->englishNum)==maxNum)
{
Print(head);
}
}
else if (type=='4')
{
if(int(head->result)==maxNum)
{
Print(head);
}
}
else if (type=='5')
{
if(int(head->average)==maxNum)
{
Print(head);
}
}
else if (type=='6')
{
if(head->pos==maxNum)
{
Print(head);
}
}
head=head->next;
}
}
void Reword(student *pStd)
{
if(pStd!=NULL)
{
cout<<"请输入学生的新名字:"<<endl;
cin>>pStd->name;
cout<<"请输入学生的座号"<<endl;
cin>>pStd->num;
cout<<"请输入学生的语文分数"<<endl;
cin>>pStd->chinaNum;
cout<<"请输入学生的数学分数"<<endl;
cin>>pStd->mathNum;
cout<<"请输入学生的英语分数"<<endl;
cin>>pStd->englishNum;
}
else
{
return ;
}
}
void Sort(student *&head, char type,char maxOrMin)
{
/*参数说明:
type=='1' 按 语文 排列
type=='2' 按 数学 排列
type=='3' 按 英语 排列
type=='4' 按 总分 排列
type=='5' 按 平均分 排列
type=='6' 按 座号 排列
*/
student *pHead,*pH;
pHead=pH=head;
int len=GetLength(head);
float *array=new float[len];
int i;
int x=0;
float num=0;
while(head)
{
Count(head);
if(type=='1')
{
num=head->chinaNum;
}
else if(type=='2')
{
num=head->mathNum;
}
else if(type=='3')
{
num=head->englishNum;
}
else if(type=='4')
{
num=head->result;
}
else if(type=='5')
{
num=head->average;
}
else if(type=='6')
{
num=head->num;
}
array[x]=num;
x++;
head=head->next;
}
head=pHead;
if(maxOrMin=='1')
{
for( i=1; i<len; i++)
{
for(int j=0; j<len-i; j++)
{
if(array[j]<array[j+1])
{
float num;
num=array[j];
array[j]=array[j+1];
array[j+1]=num;
}
}
}
}
else
{
for( i=1; i<len; i++)
{
for(int j=0; j<len-i; j++)
{
if(array[j]>array[j+1])
{
float num;
num=array[j];
array[j]=array[j+1];
array[j+1]=num;
}
}
}
}
int pos=1;
for(i=0; i<len; i++)
{
head=pHead;
while(head)
{
if(type=='1')
{
num=head->chinaNum;
}
else if(type=='2')
{
num=head->mathNum;
}
else if(type=='3')
{
num=head->englishNum;
}
else if(type=='4')
{
num=int(head->result);
}
else if(type=='5')
{
num=int(head->average);
}
else if(type=='6')
{
num=int(head->num);
}
int n=0;
if(int(array[i])==int(num))
{
if(int(array[i])!=int(array[i+1]))
{
if(n==0)
{
n=pos;
}
head->pos=pos;
pos++;
}
else
{
head->pos=n;
}
}
head=head->next;
}
}
head=pH;
delete []array;
}
void Count(student *&head)
{
head->result=head->chinaNum+head->englishNum+head->mathNum;
head->average=head->result/3;
}
void DeleteAll(student* &head)
{
student *cp,*np;
cp=head;
while(cp)
{
np=cp->next;
delete cp;
cp=np;
}
head=NULL;
}
void ChaXun(string str,student *head)
{
Sort(head,'4','1');
cout<<"欢迎使用查询功能"<<endl<<endl;
cout<<"请输入你要按什么查询 1->一般查询 2->查找最多 3->查找最少"<<endl;
string s;
cin>>s;
while(s[0]!='1'&&s[0]!='2'&&s[0]!='3')
{
cout<<"你输入错误,请重新输入."<<endl;
cin>>s;
}
if(s[0]=='1')
{
cout<<"按什么查询?"<<endl;
cout<<"1->姓名 2->座号 3->语文成绩 4->数学成绩 "
<<"5->英语成绩 6->总分 7->平均分 8->排名"<<endl;
cin>>str;
while(str[0]!='1' && str[0]!='2' &&
str[0]!='3' && str[0]!='4' &&
str[0]!='5' && str[0]!='6' &&
str[0]!='7' && str[0]!='8' )
{
cout<<"你输入错误,请重新输入."<<endl;
cin>>str;
}
char findStr[30];
cout<<"请输入要查找的关键字或关键数:"<<endl;
cin>>findStr;
switch(str[0])
{
case '1':
Find(head,findStr,'1');
break;
case '2':
Find(head,findStr,'2');
break;
case '3':
Find(head,findStr,'3');
break;
case '4':
Find(head,findStr,'4');
break;
case '5':
Find(head,findStr,'5');
break;
case '6':
Find(head,findStr,'6');
break;
case '7':
Find(head,findStr,'7');
break;
case '8':
Find(head,findStr,'8');
break;
}
}
else if(s[0]=='2')
{
cout<<"请输入要按什么查询?"<<endl;
cout<<"1->语文成绩 2->数学成绩 "
<<"3->英语成绩 4->总分 5->平均分 6->排名"<<endl;
string s;
cin>>s;
switch(s[0])
{
case '1':
FindMaxOrMin(head,'1','1');
break;
case '2':
FindMaxOrMin(head,'2','1');
break;
case '3':
FindMaxOrMin(head,'3','1');
break;
case '6':
FindMaxOrMin(head,'6','1');
break;
case '5':
FindMaxOrMin(head,'5','1');
break;
default:
FindMaxOrMin(head,'4','1');
break;
}
}
else if(s[0]=='3')
{
cout<<"请输入要按什么查询?"<<endl;
cout<<"1->语文成绩 2->数学成绩 "
<<"3->英语成绩 4->总分 5->平均分 6->排名"<<endl;
string s;
cin>>s;
switch(s[0])
{
case '1':
FindMaxOrMin(head,'1','2');
break;
case '2':
FindMaxOrMin(head,'2','2');
break;
case '3':
FindMaxOrMin(head,'3','2');
break;
case '6':
FindMaxOrMin(head,'6','2');
break;
case '5':
FindMaxOrMin(head,'5','2');
break;
default:
FindMaxOrMin(head,'4','2');
break;
}
}
}
void ZengJia(string str, student* &head)
{
student *pNew=new student;
cout<<"欢迎使用增加功能"<<endl<<endl;
cout<<"请输入新学生的名字 :"<<endl;
cin>>pNew->name;
cout<<"请输入新学生的座号 :"<<endl;
cin>>pNew->num;
cout<<"请输入他的语文分数 :"<<endl;
cin>>pNew->chinaNum;
cout<<"请输入他的数学分数"<<endl;
cin>>pNew->mathNum;
cout<<"请输入他的英语分数"<<endl;
cin>>pNew->englishNum;
cout<<"插入记录的 (1->最前面 2->最后面)"<<endl;
cin>>str;
while(str[0]!='1' && str[0]!='2')
{
cout<<"你输入错误,请重新输入."<<endl;
cout<<"插入记录的 (1->最前面 2->最后面)"<<endl;
cin>>str;
}
if(str[0]=='1')
{
InsertFront(head,pNew);
}
else if(str[0]=='2')
{
InsertRear(head,pNew);
}
cout<<"新学生增加成功."<<endl;
}
void ShanChu(string str, student *&head)
{
char delStr[30];
cout<<"欢迎使用删除功能"<<endl<<endl;
cout<<"1->查询删除 2->全部删除"<<endl;
cin>>str;
while(str[0]!='1' && str[0]!='2')
{
cout<<"输入错误,请重新输入."<<endl;
cin>>str;
}
if(str[0]=='1')
{
cout<<"请输入要删除的关键字"<<endl;
cin>>delStr;
cout<<"1->删除第一条找到的记录 2->删除所有找到的记录"<<endl;
cin>>str;
while(str[0]!='1'&&str[0]!='2')
{
cout<<"你输入错误,请重新输入."<<endl;
cin>>str;
}
cout<<"你真的要删除吗? 1->删除 2->取消"<<endl;
string s;
cin>>s;
if(str[0]=='1')
{
if(str[0]=='1')
{
Delete(head,delStr,1);
}
else
{
Delete(head,delStr,2);
}
}
else
{
cout<<"你已经取消删除了."<<endl;
}
}
else
{
cout<<"你真的要删除全部数据吗?这样会使你的数据全部丢失哦."<<endl;
cout<<"1->全部删除 2->取消删除"<<endl;
cin>>str;
if(str[0]=='1')
{
DeleteAll(head);
}
else
{
cout<<"你已经取消删除了."<<endl;
}
}
}
void PaiMing(string str, student* head)
{
string s;
cout<<"欢迎使用排名功能"<<endl<<endl;
cout<<"排名选择: 1->升序 2->降序"<<endl;
cin>>s;
cout<<"请输入要按什么排名?"<<endl;
cout<<"1->语文成绩 2->数学成绩 3->英语成绩 "
<<"4->总分 5->平均分 6->座号"<<endl;
cin>>str;
while(str[0]!='1' && str[0]!='2' &&
str[0]!='3' && str[0]!='4' &&
str[0]!='5' && str[0]!='6' )
{
cout<<"你输入错误,请重新输入."<<endl;
cin>>str;
}
cout<<"姓名:"<<setw(8)<<"座号:"<<setw(10)
<<"语文分数:"<<setw(10) <<"数学分数:"
<<setw(10)<<"英语分数:"<<setw(8)<<"总分数:"
<<setw(8)<<"平均分:"<<setw(6)<<"名次:"<<endl<<endl;
if(s[0]=='2')
{
switch(str[0])
{
case '1':
Sort(head,'1','1');
break;
case '2':
Sort(head,'2','1');
break;
case '3':
Sort(head,'3','1');
break;
case '4':
Sort(head,'4','1');
break;
case '5'
