论民事诉讼中的质证
内容摘要
民事质证制度是民事诉讼证据法中的一项重要制度，是贯彻民事诉讼公开原则、辩论原则、以及直接言词原则的具体体现。但是，这一制度为我国司法实践所忽视，也不为法学理论所重视，显然，这与民事质证制度的地位和作用极不相称。因此，从观念上正视，从立法上重视民事质证制度，并从理论上进行深入研究尤为重要。本文认为，质证是在法官的主持下，各方当事人及相关人员对庭审中出示的证据表示认可或否定，以及提出否定的证据和理由，以供法官审查判断的诉讼活动。它是当事人充分行使诉讼权利的重要手段，是法官查明案情的科学方法，是法院树立公正形象的有效途径。民事质证制度是一项内容丰富，涉及面广的诉讼活动，它由质证主体、质证客体、质证内容三要素构成。我国目前所实行的职权主义质证模式不利于调动质证主体的积极性、提高质证水平和质证效果，应适当吸收当事人主义质证模式的有益成分。为了确保质证公开、公正、高效有序地进行，在质证过程中必须遵循一定的规律，讲究科学的方法。最后，质证制度的贯彻落实还有赖于与之相配套的制度的完善，当前最主要的是要尽快设置庭前准备程序和完善证人出庭作证制度。
关键词：民事诉讼 民事质证 当事人主义 职权主义 制度保障
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