nmblookup - 查询NetBIOS名字的程序
nmblookup - NetBIOS over TCP/IP client used to lookup NetBIOS names
nmblookup - 基于TCP/IP上的NetBIOS客户用于查询NetBIOS名字的程序
SYNOPSIS
语法
nmblookup [-M] [-R] [-S] [-r] [-A] [-h] [-B broadcast address] [-U unicast
address] [-d debuglevel] [-s smb config file] [-i NetBIOS scope] [-T] name
DESCRIPTION
描述
This program is part of the Samba suite.
同样也是samba套件的一部分。
nmblookup is used to query NetBIOS names and map them to IP addresses in a
network using NetBIOS over TCP/IP queries. The options allow the name queries
to be directed at a particular IP broadcast area or to a particular machine.
All queries are done over UDP.
nmblookup被用于在网络中查询NetBIOS名字并映射对应的IP地址。使用它可以在一个特殊
的IP广播区域或者机器中直接查询名字。所有的查询操作都在UDP上实现。
OPTIONS
程序可选项
-M
Searches for a master browser by looking up the NetBIOS name name with a type
of 0x1d. If name is "-" then it does a lookup on the special name
__MSBROWSE__.
通过使用查找类型为0x1d的NetBIOS名字name来搜索一个主浏览器。如果name为“-”则它
就会在特殊的名字__MSBROWSE__上来进行搜索。
-R
Set the recursion desired bit in the packet to do a recursive lookup. This is
used when sending a name query to a machine running a WINS server and the
user wishes to query the names in the WINS server. If this bit is unset the
normal (broadcast responding) NetBIOS processing code on a machine is used
instead. See rfc1001, rfc1002 for details.
用这个选项在包中指定一个希望得到的二进制位来进行递归查找。当向WINS服务器发送名
字查询及用户希望在WINS服务器上进行名字查询时可以用这种方法。如果不设定这样的二
进制递归位，则主机上的普通NetBIOS处理代码(以广播方式)将替代它。详细资料请参见
rfc1001和rfc1002。
-S
Once the name query has returned an IP address then do a node status query as
well. A node status query returns the NetBIOS names registered by a host.
通过这个选项可以使名字查询操作返回一个IP地址时，再跟着作节点状态的查询操作。节
点状态查询会返回主机注册的NetBIOS名字。
-r
Try and bind to UDP port 137 to send and receive UDP datagrams. The reason
for this option is a bug in Windows 95 where it ignores the source port of
the requesting packet and only replies to UDP port 137. Unfortunately, on
most UNIX systems root privilage is needed to bind to this port, and in
addition, if the nmbd daemon is running on this machine it also binds to this
port.
用这个选项来试图并绑定UDP端口137用于发送和接收UDP数据包。使用这个选项的理由是
Windows 95在这方面有一个错误：它会忽略请求数据包的原始端口而只回复到UDP端口
137(系统发送和接收包可能并不用137端口)。不幸的情况是在UNIX系统上绑定这个端口需
要root权限。另外，运行nmbd守护程序也应该绑定到这个端口。
-A
Interpret <name> as an IP Address and do a node status query on this address.
用这个选项把<name>参数解释成一个IP地址并使用这个地址来作节点状态查询。
-h
Print a help (usage) message.
打印帮助(使用方法)信息。
-B broadcast address
Send the query to the given broadcast address. Without this option the
default behavior of nmblookup is to send the query to the broadcast address
of the network interfaces as either auto-detected or defined in the
interfaces parameter of the smb.conf (5) file.
用给出的广播地址发送查询。如果没有使用这个选项的话，nmblookup将会把查询发送到
通过自动检测或者在smb.conf (5)文件的interfaces参数定义好的网络接口的广播地址上
。
-U unicast address
Do a unicast query to the specified address or host "unicast address". This
option (along with the option) is needed to query a WINS server.
用这个选项对特殊地址或者地址为“unicast address”的主机进行单独的查询。查找一
个WINS服务器的时间需要这样的参数。
-d debuglevel
debuglevel is an integer from 0 to 10.
调试等级是个从0到10的整数。
The default value if this parameter is not specified is zero.
参数未指定时默认值为0。
The higher this value, the more detail will be logged about the activities of
nmblookup. At level 0, only critical errors and serious warnings will be
logged.
这个值越高，将记录越多关于nmblookup活动的资料。在把调试级设为0时，只记录紧急错
误和严重警告。
Levels above 1 will generate considerable amounts of log data, and should
only be used when investigating a problem. Levels above 3 are designed for
use only by developers and generate HUGE amounts of data, most of which is
extremely cryptic.
1以上的调试级将产生相当多的记录数据，并且只在研究问题时才有用。3以上的调试级只
被设计为让开发者使用并会产生极大数量的记录数据，而且其中很多部分非常难以理解。
Note that specifying this parameter here will override the log level
parameter in the smb.conf (5) file.
参数未指定时默认值为0。
The higher this value, the more detail will be logged about the activities of
nmblookup. At level 0, only critical errors and serious warnings will be
logged.
这个值越高，将记录越多关于nmblookup活动的资料。在把调试级设为0时，只记录紧急错
误和严重警告。
Levels above 1 will generate considerable amounts of log data, and should
only be used when investigating a problem. Levels above 3 are designed for
use only by developers and generate HUGE amounts of data, most of which is
extremely cryptic.
1以上的调试级将产生相当多的记录数据，并且只在研究问题时才有用。3以上的调试级只
被设计为让开发者使用并会产生极大数量的记录数据，而且其中很多部分非常难以理解。
Note that specifying this parameter here will override the log level
parameter in the smb.conf (5) file.
注意在此使用这个参数将越过在smb.conf (5)文件中的log level参数。
-s smb.conf
This parameter specifies the pathname to the Samba configuration file,
smb.conf. This file controls all aspects of the Samba setup on the machine.
这个参数就是用来指定samba配置文件smb.conf的路径。这个文件用来控制samba所有的行
为特征。
-i scope
This specifies a NetBIOS scope that nmblookup will use to communicate with
when generating NetBIOS names. For details on the use of NetBIOS scopes, see
rfc1001.txt and rfc1002.txt. NetBIOS scopes are very rarely used, only set
this parameter if you are the system administrator in charge of all the
NetBIOS systems you communicate with.
这个参数指定一个nmblookup产生NetBIOS名字通信时所需要的NetBIOS范围。对于NetBIOS
范围这个概念，可以参见rfc1001.txt和rfc1002.txt这两个文件中的详细定义。实际上这
个NetBIOS范围的概念很少被用到，仅当你作为负责整个NetBIOS通信的管理员时才要设置
。
-T
This causes any IP addresses found in the lookup to be looked up via a
reverse DNS lookup into a DNS name, and printed out before each "IP address
NetBIOS name" pair that is the normal output.
使用这个选项可以通过反向DNS查找的方法查出一个DNS名字对应的所有IP地址，并把每一
nmblookup -U server -R 'name'
nmblookup -U 服务器 -R '名字'
For example, running :
例如：
nmblookup -U samba.org -R IRIX#1B'
would query the WINS server samba.org for the domain master browser (1B name
type) for the IRIX workgroup.
通过这个命令将在WINS服务器samba.org查询IRIX工作组中的域主浏览器(名字类型为1B)
。
VERSION
版本
This man page is correct for version 2.0 of the Samba suite.
此手册页是针对samba套件版本2.0的。
SEE ALSO
参见
samba (7), nmbd (8), smb.conf (5)
AUTHOR
作者
The original Samba software and related utilities were created by Andrew
Tridgell samba-bugs@samba.org. Samba is now developed by the Samba Team as an
Open Source project similar to the way the Linux kernel is developed.
samba软件和相关工具最初由Andrew Tridgell samba-bugs@samba.org创建。samba现在由
开发组作为类似Linux内核开发采用的开放源代码计划方式来发展。
The original Samba man pages were written by Karl Auer. The man page sources
were converted to YODL format (another excellent piece of Open Source
software, available at ftp://ftp.icce.rug.nl/pub/unix/) and updated for the
Samba2.0 release by Jeremy Allison. samba-bugs@samba.org.
samba手册页最初由Karl Auer撰写。它的源码已被转换成YODL(一种极好的开放源代码软
件，可以在ftp://ftp.icce.rug.nl/pub/unix/处获得)格式并已由Jeremy Allison更新到
samba2.0版本。
