在Oracle中实现各种日期处理完全版

王朝oracle·作者佚名  2008-05-31
窄屏简体版  字體: |||超大  

TO_DATE格式

Day:

dd number 12

dy abbreviatedfri

dayspelled outfriday

ddspth spelled out, ordinal twelfth

Month:

mm number 03

monabbreviatedmar

monthspelled outmarch

Year:

yy twodigits98

yyyy fourdigits 1998

24小时格式下时间范围为: 0:00:00 - 23:59:59....

12小时格式下时间范围为: 1:00:00 - 12:59:59 ....

1.

日期和字符转换函数用法(to_date,to_char)

2.

select to_char( to_date(222,'J'),'jsp')from dual

显示Two Hundred Twenty-Two

3.

求某天是星期几

select to_char(to_date('2002-08-26','yyyy-mm-dd'),'day') from dual;

星期一

select to_char(to_date('2002-08-26','yyyy-mm-dd'),'day','NLS_DATE_LANGUAGE = American') from dual;

monday

设置日期语言

ALTER SESSION SET NLS_DATE_LANGUAGE='AMERICAN';

也可以这样

TO_DATE ('2002-08-26', 'YYYY-mm-dd', 'NLS_DATE_LANGUAGE = American')

4.

两个日期间的天数

select floor(sysdate - to_date('20020405','yyyymmdd')) from dual;

5. 时间为null的用法

select id, active_date from table1

UNION

select 1, TO_DATE(null) from dual;

注重要用TO_DATE(null)

6.

a_date between to_date('20011201','yyyymmdd') and to_date('20011231','yyyymmdd')

那么12月31号中午12点之后和12月1号的12点之前是不包含在这个范围之内的。

所以,当时间需要精确的时候,觉得to_char还是必要的

7.日期格式冲突问题

输入的格式要看你安装的Oracle字符集的类型, 比如: US7ASCII, date格式的类型就是: '01-Jan-01'

alter system set NLS_DATE_LANGUAGE = American

alter session set NLS_DATE_LANGUAGE = American

或者在to_date中写

select to_char(to_date('2002-08-26','yyyy-mm-dd'),'day','NLS_DATE_LANGUAGE = American') from dual;

注重我这只是举了NLS_DATE_LANGUAGE,当然还有很多,

可查看

select * from nls_session_parameters

select * from V$NLS_PARAMETERS

日期和字符转换函数用法(to_date,to_char)

We overwrite NLS_DATE_FORMAT into different formats for the session.

SQL alter session set nls_date_format = 'DD-MON-RR'; Session altered.

SQL set pagesize 0

SQL set linesize 130

SQL select * from nls_session_parameters;

NLS_LANGUAGE AMERICAN

NLS_TERRITORYAMERICA

NLS_CURRENCY $

NLS_ISO_CURRENCY AMERICA

NLS_NUMERIC_CHARACTERS .,

NLS_CALENDAR GREGORIAN

NLS_DATE_FORMATDD-MON-RR

NLS_DATE_LANGUAGEAMERICAN

NLS_SORT BINARY

NLS_TIME_FORMATHH.MI.SSXFF AM

NLS_TIMESTAMP_FORMAT DD-MON-RR HH.MI.SSXFF AM

NLS_TIME_TZ_FORMAT HH.MI.SSXFF AM TZH:TZM

NLS_TIMESTAMP_TZ_FORMATDD-MON-RR HH.MI.SSXFF AM TZH:TZM

NLS_DUAL_CURRENCY$

NLS_COMP BINARY

15 rows selected.

specify it in SQL statement:

SQL select to_date('03-SEP-1999','DD-MON-YYYY') from dual;

03-SEP-99

SQL alter session set nls_date_format = 'MM-DD-YYYY';

Session altered.

SQL select to_date('03-SEP-99','DD-MON-YY') from dual;

TO_DATE('0

----------

09-03-1999

SQL alter session set nls_date_format = 'RRRR-MM-DD';

Session altered.

SQL select to_date('03-SEP-1999','DD-MON-YYYY') from dual;

TO_DATE('0

----------

1999-09-03

When we use TO_CHAR function, we get eXPected results of format fromcurrent SQL statement:

SQL alter session set nls_date_format = 'MM-DD-YY';

Session altered.

SQL select to_char(sysdate,'dd-mm-yyyy') from dual;

TO_CHAR(SYSDATE,'DD-MM-YYYY')

07-09-1999

SQL alter session set nls_date_format = 'RR-MON-DD';

Session altered.

SQL select to_char(sysdate,'dd-mon-yy') from dual;

TO_CHAR(SYSDATE,'DD-MON-YY')

07-sep-99

SQL select to_char(sysdate,'dd-Mon-yy') from dual;

TO_CHAR(SYSDATE,'DD-MON-YY')

07-Sep-99

8.

select count(*)

from ( select rownum-1 rnum

from all_objects

where rownum <= to_date('2002-02-28','yyyy-mm-dd') - to_date('2002-

02-01','yyyy-mm-dd')+1

)

where to_char( to_date('2002-02-01','yyyy-mm-dd')+rnum-1, 'D' )

not

in ( '1', '7' )

查找2002-02-28至2002-02-01间除星期一和七的天数

在前后分别调用DBMS_UTILITY.GET_TIME, 让后将结果相减(得到的是1/100秒, 而不是毫秒).

9.

select months_between(to_date('01-31-1999','MM-DD-YYYY'),

to_date('12-31-1998','MM-DD-YYYY')) "MONTHS" FROM DUAL;

1

select months_between(to_date('02-01-1999','MM-DD-YYYY'),

to_date('12-31-1998','MM-DD-YYYY')) "MONTHS" FROM DUAL;

1.03225806451613

10. Next_day的用法

Next_day(date, day)

Monday-Sunday, for format code DAY

Mon-Sun, for format code DY

1-7, for format code D

11

select to_char(sysdate,'hh:mi:ss') TIME from all_objects

注重:第一条记录的TIME 与最后一行是一样的

可以建立一个函数来处理这个问题

create or replace function sys_date return date is

begin

return sysdate;

end;

select to_char(sys_date,'hh:mi:ss') from all_objects;

12.

获得小时数

SELECT EXTRACT(HOUR FROM TIMESTAMP '2001-02-16 2:38:40') from offer

SQL select sysdate ,to_char(sysdate,'hh')from dual;

SYSDATETO_CHAR(SYSDATE,'HH')

-------------------- ---------------------

2003-10-13 19:35:2107

SQL select sysdate ,to_char(sysdate,'hh24')from dual;

SYSDATETO_CHAR(SYSDATE,'HH24')

-------------------- -----------------------

2003-10-13 19:35:2119

获取年月日与此类似

13.

年月日的处理

select older_date,

newer_date,

years,

months,

abs(

trunc(

newer_date-

add_months( older_date,years*12+months )

)

) days

from ( select

trunc(months_between( newer_date, older_date )/12) YEARS,

mod(tr

 
 
 
免责声明:本文为网络用户发布,其观点仅代表作者个人观点,与本站无关,本站仅提供信息存储服务。文中陈述内容未经本站证实,其真实性、完整性、及时性本站不作任何保证或承诺,请读者仅作参考,并请自行核实相关内容。
 
 
© 2005- 王朝網路 版權所有 導航