路由器模块崩溃
在某些情况下，只是特定的路由器模块崩溃，而不是整个路由器崩溃。下列文件对如何解决某些路由器模块上的崩溃进行了说明：
排除VIP崩溃
排除PA-A3上的SAR崩溃
排除Cisco GSR12000系列上的线路卡崩溃
显示崩溃情况的输出范例
Router#show version
Cisco Internetwork Operating System Software
IOS （tm） RSP Software （RSP-PV-M）， Version 12.0（10.6）ST, EARLY DEPLOYMENT
MAINTENANCE INTERIM SOFTWARE
Copyright （c） 1986-2000 by cisco Systems, Inc.
Compiled Fri 23-Jun-00 16:02 by richv
Image text-base: 0x60010908, data-base: 0x60D96000
ROM: System Bootstrap, Version 12.0（19990806:174725）， DEVELOPMENT SOFTWARE
BOOTFLASH: RSP Software （RSP-BOOT-M）， Version 12.0（9）S, EARLY DEPLOYMENT
RELEASE SOFTWARE （fc1）
Router uptime is 20 hours, 56 minutes
System returned to ROM by error - a Software forced crash, PC 0x60287EE8
System image file is "slot0:rsp-pv-mz.120-10.6.ST"
cisco RSP8 （R7000） processor with 131072K/8216K bytes of memory.
R7000 CPU at 250Mhz, Implementation 39, Rev 1.0, 256KB L2, 2048KB L3 Cache
Last reset from power-on
G.703/E1 software, Version 1.0.
G.703/JT2 software, Version 1.0.
X.25 software, Version 3.0.0.
Chassis Interface.
1 EIP controller （6 Ethernet）。
1 VIP2 R5K controller （1 FastEthernet）（2 HSSI）。
6 Ethernet/IEEE 802.3 interface（s）
1 FastEthernet/IEEE 802.3 interface（s）
2 HSSI network interface（s）
2043K bytes of non-volatile configuration memory.
20480K bytes of Flash PCMCIA card at slot 0 （Sector size 128K）。
16384K bytes of Flash internal SIMM （Sector size 256K）。
No slave installed in slot 7.
Configuration register is 0x2102
Router#show stacks
Minimum process stacks:
Free/Size Name
5188/6000 CEF Reloader
9620/12000 Init
5296/6000 RADIUS INITCONFIG
5724/6000 MDFS Reload
2460/3000 RSP memory size check
8176/9000 DHCP Client
Interrupt level stacks:
Level Called Unused/Size Name
1 163 8504/9000 Network Interrupt
2 14641 8172/9000 Network Status Interrupt
3 0 9000/9000 OIR interrupt
4 0 9000/9000 PCMCIA Interrupt
5 5849 8600/9000 Console Uart
6 0 9000/9000 Error Interrupt
7 396230 8604/9000 NMI Interrupt Handler
System was restarted by error - a Software forced crash, PC 0x602DE884 at 05:07:31
UTC Thu Sep 16 1999
RSP Software （RSP-JSV-M）， Version 12.0（7）T, RELEASE SOFTWARE （fc2）
Compiled Mon 06-Dec-99 19:40 by phanguye
Image text-base: 0x60010908, database: 0x61356000
Stack trace from system failure:
FP: 0x61F73C30, RA: 0x602DE884
FP: 0x61F73C30, RA: 0x6030D29C
FP: 0x61F73D88, RA: 0x6025E96C
FP: 0x61F73DD0, RA: 0x6026A954
FP: 0x61F73E30, RA: 0x602B94BC
FP: 0x61F73E48, RA: 0x602B94A8
若在 bootflash 中存在 crashinfo，则在 show stacks 命令执行结束时显示以下内容：
***************************************************
******* Information of Last System Crash **********
***************************************************
Using bootflash:crashinfo_20000323-061850. 2000
CMD: 'sh int fas' 03:23:41 UTC Thu Mar 2 2000
CMD: 'sh int fastEthernet 6/0/0' 03:23:44 UTC Thu Mar 2 2000
CMD: 'conf t' 03:23:56 UTC Thu Mar 2 2000
CMD: 'no ip cef di' 03:23:58 UTC Thu Mar 2 2000
CMD: 'no ip cef distributed ' 03:23:58 UTC Thu Mar 2 2000
…
Router#show context
System was restarted by error - a Software forced crash, PC 0x602DE884 at
05:07:31 UTC Thu Sep 16 1999
RSP Software （RSP-JSV-M）， Version 12.0（7）T, RELEASE SOFTWARE （fc2）
Compiled Mon 06-DEC-99 19:40 by phanguye
Image text-base: 0x60010908, database: 0x61356000
Stack trace from system failure:
FP: 0x61F73C30, RA: 0x602DE884
FP: 0x61F73C30, RA: 0x6030D29C
FP: 0x61F73D88, RA: 0x6025E96C
FP: 0x61F73DD0, RA: 0x6026A954
FP: 0x61F73E30, RA: 0x602B94BC
FP: 0x61F73E48, RA: 0x602B94A8
Fault History Buffer:
RSP Software （RSP-JSV-M）， Version 12.0（7）T, RELEASE SOFTWARE （fc2）
Compiled Mon 06-DEC-99 19:40 by phanguye
Signal = 23, Code = 0x24, Uptime 3w0d
$0 : 00000000, AT : 619A0000, v0 : 61990000, v1 : 00000032
a0 : 6026A114, a1 : 61A309A4, a2 : 00000000, a3 : 00000000
t0 : 61F6CD80, t1 : 8000FD88, t2 : 34008700, t3 : FFFF00FF
t4 : 00000083, t5 : 3E840024, t6 : 00000000, t7 : 00000000
s0 : 0000003C, s1 : 00000036, s2 : 00000000, s3 : 61F73C48
s4 : 00000000, s5 : 61993A10, s6 : 61982D00, s7 : 61820000
t8 : 0000327A, t9 : 00000000, k0 : 61E48C4C, k1 : 602E7748
gp : 6186F3A0, sp : 61F73C30, s8 : 00000000, ra : 6030D29C
EPC : 602DE884, SREG : 3400E703, Cause : 00000024
Error EPC : BFC00000, BadVaddr : 40231FFE
