Word List
tramp vi. 步行，徒步穿过
woods n. （复）树林
tampering adj. 干预的，干涉的
reach n. 范围
dam vt. 筑坝拦……
course n. 路线；道路
interference n. 干涉
sound vt. 发出；使发声
endanger vt. 威胁
indiscriminate adj. 不加选择的，任意的
pesticide n. 杀虫剂，农药
title n. 题目，标题
springtime n. 春天，春天的时候
man-made n. 人为的，人造的
threaten vt. 威胁
insect n. 昆虫
controversy n. 争论，争议
enthusiasm n. 热情
commonplace adj. 平凡的，老生常谈的
avid adj. 急切的，渴望的
appreciative adj. 有鉴赏力的
reader n. 读者
imaginative adj. 有想像力的，想像力丰富的
fire vt. 刺激，激起
imagination n. 想像力
sophomore n. 大学二年级学生
redirect vi. 重新指向
agency n. 机构；代理处
gull n. 鸥
whale n. 鲸
whet vt. 磨快
extensive adj. 数量大的；数目多的
focus n. （注意、兴趣等的）中心，集中点
crab n. 蟹
turtle n. 海龟，甲鱼
ultimately adv. 最后
formal adj. 正式的
academic adj. 学术的
thrill vt. 使震颤，使激动
layman n. 外行人，门外汉
best-seller n. 畅销书
consecutive adj. 连续不断的
magic n. 魔力，魔法
informative adj. 增进知识的；增长见识的
preachy adj. 说教的
exhilarating adj. 使人愉快的
ignorance n. 无知
publication n. 出版
numerous adj. 无数的
increasingly adv. 逐渐地；渐增地
alarm vt. 警告
endlessly adv. 不断地；无穷尽地
recycle vt. 重新利用
poisonous adj. 有毒的
cycle n. 循环
revoltingly adv. 令人作呕地，使人反感地
grisly adj. 恐怖的，可怕的
vicious adj. 邪恶的
bait vi. 以饵引诱
worm n. 虫子
fatten vt. 养肥
maggot n. 蛆
variable adj. 变化的，可变的
fish vi. 钓鱼
observations n. （复）观察
confirm vt. 证实
concentration n. 浓缩；浓度；集中物
opposition n. 反对
persist vi. 坚持
salvo n. （火炮的）齐射
Proper Names
John Hartley 约翰·哈特利
Pennsylvania 宾夕法尼亚
Rachel Carson 雷切尔·卡森
John Masefield 约翰·梅斯菲尔德
Chesapeake Bay 切萨皮克湾
Caribbean 加勒比海
DDT 双对氯苯基三氯乙烷，滴滴涕（一种杀虫剂）
Shakespeare 莎士比亚
Hamlet 哈姆雷特
Useful Expressions
be at ease with 轻松
find out 发现
be aware of 知道
stir up 引起
be acquainted with 接触，认识
break down 分解
remind of 令……回忆，想起
all over 到处
persist in 坚持
know of 听说
be connected to 有关联
sound a warning 发出警告
Word Study
break vt. & vi.
1.打破,打碎;摔断(手脚等)
V;V+N
When I drew te other side of the letter “A”,the stick of chalk was broke and I was left with a stump.
The glass fell on the floor and broke into pieces.
Be careful not to break the vase when you clean the shelf.
Mr. Budd knew that the criminal would break his head if he tried to run out of the shop.
2.违反(规定\法律等);违背(协议\承诺等)
V+N
If you ride a motorbike without a helmet,you will break the law.
One of the uses of the telephone is to make or break social engagements.
3.(坏消息)传开;通告,通知(坏消息)
V;V+N
When the scandal broke, the minister had to resign.
They knew that Lousie Mallard had a weak heart, so they broke the bad news gently.
4.Phrases:
break away from sb./sth. 逃脱,摆脱;与……断绝往来;改掉,戒除
break down (机器\汽车等)停止运行;(身体或精神)崩溃;冲破(障碍等)
break sth. down 中断;破除,压倒
break in强行进入;插话,打岔
break into sth.强行进入;突然开始
break loose from sb./sth.从……中挣脱出来
break one’s heart使心碎,使极端伤心
break out爆发,突然发生
break through 突破(障碍等),取得突破性进展
break n. 破损;中断,(工作等的)休息时间
reach vt. & vi.
1.抵达(某地或某人处)
V+N
I took the steps of the long concrete stairs in twos until I reached the street above and the cold air hit my warm face.
The Marine caught the one plane that might enable him to reach his dying father.
2.伸出手(去拿/碰,常与out连用)
V;V+N
He reached across the desk for a pencil.
The old man reached out his hand ,and the Marine wrapped it in both his.
Professor Agassiz reached from a shelf a huge jar of specimens in yellow alcohol.
The little boy is too short to reach the top shelf.ss
3.达到(程度\数量\年龄等)
V+N
These Chinese-made VCDs have reached the world advanced level.
The population of the famous big city has reached 10 million.
When he reaches the age of 18, he’ll be able, by law, to use the money.
4.伸向,延伸
V;V+N
Her hair nearly reaches down to her wraist.
The park reaches (as far as ) the lake.
Because the ladder couldn’t reach the window, they had no choice but to wait for the policeman to come.
reach n. 达到
Phrases:
beyond /out of sb.’s reach伸手不能达到之地;力所不及
within one’s reach 伸手可及之处;力所能及
start vt. & vi.
1.开始，着手
V+N;V+to do sth.;V+doing sth.
I started a rigorous program of running and dieting the very next day.
It was January of 1940 when I started my first semester at a university.
When she started college her dream was to become an imaginative writer.
The nurse started to offer words of sympathy, but the Marine interrupted her.
You can start practising being happy right now without any obvious reason.
2.动身，出发，起程
V
The question of starting for the United States was discussed from day to day in my family council.
Andersen took what little money he had, said goodbye to his mother and his stepfather and started out to seek his fortune.
3.（火灾、争吵、战争等）发生，引起（火灾、争吵、战争等）；开办，创办
V;V+N;V+N+doing sth.
It started one rainy day, when I was coming home from work.
Nobody knew how the fire started.
If an Englishman has to share the compartment with a stranger, he may travel miles without starting a conversation.
He started a club for the handicapped to offer help to them.
4.(机器等)开始运转；发动（机器等）
V;V+N
The engine wouldn’t start no matter how he tried.
He couldn’t start his car and so he took the bus.
5.Phrases:
start off /out 出发，动身去……
start off/out to do sth. 开始做……
start for (a place) 出发去某地
start (sb.) off 开始做……，使（某人）开始做……
to start with 首先，第一
start n. 开始；出发；起始点
Phrases:
at the start 最初，起初
from start to finish 自始自终
